各国领导人重要演讲中英对照.doc

1、1Premier Zhu in Press Conference朱镕基总理记者招待会朱镕基：刚才江泽民主席和李鹏委员长所发表的讲话也为本届政府的任务作了具体的规定。朱彤：As for the tasks of this government, as a matter of fact, in the report delivered to the Fifteenth National Congress of the Communist Party last year, President Jiang Zemin already identified in very explicit terms,

2、 and the speeches of President Jiang Zemin and the Chairman Li Peng made just now at the closing ceremony of the National Peoples Congress also provided in very specific terms for the tasks for the government.朱镕基：如果你要求我把它说得具体一点的话，那我可以概括一下。就本届政府现在面临着要干的几件事情可以概括为：“一个确保、三个到位、五项改革”。朱彤：If you expect me t

3、o give you some specifics, then I can just make a generalization of the tasks that this government is expected to accomplish: “One assurance, Three put-into-place and five reforms”.朱镕基:“一个确保”就是因为我们当前面临着东南亚的金融危机，中国目前面临着严重的挑战。因此，我们必须确保今年中国的发展速度达到 8%，中国的通货膨胀必须小于 3%，中国的人民币不能贬值。朱彤：With regard to the firs

4、t insure as we are now faced with the formidable challenges due to the financial crisis in Southeast Asia, so we must insure that the economic growth rate of China for this year must reach eight percent. And Chinas inflation must be lower than three percent and Chinas RMB cannot devaluate.朱镕基：这一点必须做

5、到，因为它不但关系着中国的发展，而且也关系着亚洲的繁荣稳定。朱彤：This is an objective that we must obtain because that will have a bearing not only in the development of China but also on the prosperity and stability of the entire Asia.朱镕基：我们达到这个目标，我们主要的手段，就是说，提高我们国内的需求。朱彤：The main means that we will adopt to obtain objective is t

6、o increase domestic demand.朱镕基: 由于我们最近几年宏观调控的成功，采取了适当从紧的财政和货币政策，控制了货币的发行，我们的通货膨胀速度很低，通货膨胀的指数很低。因此我们有可能拿出较多的财力来刺激国内的需求。我讲的这个需求就是加强基础设施建设，铁路、公路、农田、水利、市政、环保设施等等方面的建设，加强高新技术的建设，加强现有企业的技术改造，提高国民经济的需求。朱彤：Thanks to the success in the macro-regulation and the control efforts over the past several years and

7、also a moderately tight monetary and fiscal policy that we have adopted, we have effectively controlled the currency issue over the years and the inflation index has been kept at a low level. So, given these good conditions, we have the possibility of channeling more financial resources to stimulate

8、 the domestic demand. By stimulating domestic demand, I mean we will increase investment in the construction of infrastructures such as highways, railways, and also the farmland construction and water conservancy facilities and municipal facilities and environmental protection facilities. We are als

9、o increasing investment in the high and the new technology industries and in the technical upgrading of the existing enterprises. So, all in all, we are to increase the demand of the whole national economy.朱镕基：当然还有住房建设，我下面还要讲。因为这是中国的国民经济的新的增长点。朱彤：Of course, another important area is the housing deve

10、lopment, because that will be a new growth point in Chinas national economy.朱镕基：什么叫“三个到位”呢？第一个到位就是我们已经确定了我们在三年左右的时间里面要使大多数的国有大中型企业摆脱困难，进而建成现代企业制度。就是说，三年必须办好这件事情。朱彤：By three put-into-place, I mean first put-into-place, that is, we have decided to enable most large and medium-size state-owned enterpri

11、ses to be lifted from their current difficult situations in about three-years time, and then to establish a modern enterprise system in these enterprises. That is to say, we must do this job well in three years time.朱镕基：第二，我们去年召开了金融工作会议，已经确定要在三年的时间里面彻底地改革我们的金融系统，也就是说，中央银行强化监管，商业银行自主经营。这个目标也要在本世纪末实现。

12、朱彤：Secondly, last year at the national conference on the financial work, a decision was adopted to make thorough reform in Chinas financial system. That is to say, the central bank of China must increase and step up its supervision and regulation functions, and the commercial banks must operate inde

13、pendently. This objective should also be obtained before the end of this century.朱镕基：第三个到位是政府机构的改革。也就是说，中央政府今年已经在大会上通过了方案，已经把40 个部委简化为 29 个部委，政府机关的人数准备分流一半。这个任务要在三年以内完成。相应的，各级地方政府也要在三年以内完成。2朱彤：Thirdly, thats concerning the reorganization of the government institutions. According to the program on th

14、e reorganization of the institutions of the central government adopted by the current session of the National Peoples Congress, the number of ministries and commissions under the state council has been reduced from 40 to 29, and we plan to cut half of the working staff working in the government inst

15、itutions in three-years time. And correspondingly, the local governments at various levels are also expected to achieve this reorganization in three-years time.朱镕基：请大家注意，我讲的三年完成是讲分流出来的这一半的政府机关干部在三年以内都能够分流完成，到达他能够发挥他最大作用的岗位上去。至于分流工作，今年就得完成。也就是说，新政府成立以后，在“三定”方案，即定编制、定职务、定人数，定好了以后，今年这一半人就分流了。但是他到位还需要三年

16、的时间。同志们知道，分流出来的这一半人要经过培训，还要考虑他自己本人的志愿，把他分配到合适的位置上去，这个当然需要比较长的时间。但是政府机构的改革的完成是在今年。朱彤：Id like to call your attention here, by three years Im referring to the redirection of the half of the government functionaries to the posts, to their final posts. But to redirect these people from their original pos

17、t actually can be completed before the end of this year. You know, after the new government takes office, we will first determine the size and the posts and the number of the new government institutions and, uh, but for the half of these redirected people, to be assigned to their new jobs, to their

18、new posts, it will take three-years time. As you can understand, they need to be retrained and their own personal wishes should also be taken into account, so that they can be assigned to the posts in which they can best display their competence and their skill, so that will take a fairly long time.

19、 But with regard to the reorganization of the government institutions, that can be accomplished within this year.朱镕基：“五项改革”。第一是粮食流通体制的改革。因为中国由于农业政策的成功，已经连续三年的丰收，中国的粮食的库存达到历史的最高水平。我可以负责地说，中国再遭两年大灾，自然的灾害，中国的粮食也不会缺乏。朱彤：With regard to the five reforms, the first reform is reform in the circulation syste

20、m of grains. Thanks to the success in the agricultural policy of china, we have had bumper harvests for three consecutive years, so now Chinas grain reserves have been at the historically high level. I can say in a very responsible manner that if there were to be very serious natural disasters in th

21、e coming two years, China would not be short of grain, short of food.朱镕基：但是由于粮食库存的庞大，政府的财政的补贴了相应地增加。我们必须针对这个问题进行粮食销售体制的改革。朱彤：However, given the huge grain reserves. the government subsidies in this regard have to be correspondingly increased, so its necessary and imperative for us to conduct reform

22、in the marketing system of grains.朱镕基：第二项改革是投资融资体制的改革。因为现行的投资体制主要是行政审批的制度。这个不能贯彻把市场作为资源分配的基础力量，产生了很多的重复建设，必须进行根本的改革，使它能够符合市场经济的国际惯例。朱彤：Second reform will be the reform in the investment and the financing system. The current investment and financing system is mainly through administrative examination

23、 and approval, which cannot bring into play the role, the fundamental role of market in resource disposition. This has given rise to a lot of duplicated constructions, so we must conduct fundamental reform in this system so that an investment and funding system that is in line with the requirements

24、of a market economy can be put into place.朱镕基：第三是住房制度的改革。我刚才已经说过，住房的建设将要成为中国经济的新的增长点。但是我们必须要改革现行的这种福利分配房屋的政策，把它改为货币化、商品化，让人民群众自己买房子。要改变这个政策，这个整个的改革方案已经进行了多年。我们准备今年下半年要出台新的政策：停止福利分房，一律改为商品房。朱彤：The third reform will be the reform in the housing system. As I said earlier, the housing development will b

25、e the new growth point in Chinas economy. So, to achieve that objective we must change the policy of the welfare allocation of housing, so as to monetarize and commercialize all the housings, so that the people, they can purchase their own houses. And we expect to issue a new policy in the second ha

26、lf of this year after many years of studying and deliberation on that. That is to say, according to the new policy, we will stop all the allocation of welfare housing, and all the housing will be commercialized.朱镕基：第四是医疗制度的改革。我们在下半年即将出台一个全国的医疗的改革的制度来保证人民群众的基本的福利。朱彤：The fourth reform will be the refo

27、rm in the medical care system. In the second half of this 3year, a nationwide medical care reform program is expected to come out so as to ensure the basic welfare of the people in terms of medical care.朱镕基：第五是财政税收制度的改革的进一步完善。现行的财政税收制度是 1994 年改革的，取得了极大的成功保证了每年的财政收入以很高的比例增加。但是目前存在一个问题，就是“费”大于“税”。很多各级

28、政府机关在国家规定以外来征收各种费用，使老百姓负担不堪，民怨沸腾，必须整顿和改革。朱彤：Fifthly, will be the furtherance of the reform in the fiscal and taxation system. The current fiscal and taxation system is the result of the reform in 1994, and this has achieved a great success in ensuring the increase in the revenue of the government ev

29、ery year by very large margin. However, the current problem facing us is there are more charges and more revenues coming from charges than from tax collections. The various government institutions have out of the provisions of the.or regulations of the state charged the various kinds of fees from th

30、e people. As a result the people are very heavily burdened and they have a lot of complaints about that. So this phenomenon must be reversed and we must have a reform in this regard.朱镕基：也就是说，各级政府机关除了必要的规费以外，不允许巧立名目向人民群众收费。朱彤：That is to say, except for some necessary and proscribed fees, the governme

31、nt institutions at various levels are prohibited from levying various charges or fees from the people in various kinds of names.朱镕基：最后，我还要讲一句，就是本届政府认为，科技兴国是本届政府的最大任务。科教兴国。朱彤：Finally, Id like to add that this government maintains that to revitalize China through science and education will be the most

32、 important task for the government.朱镕基：江泽民主席非常重视这个问题，多次地阐明科教兴国的重要性。但是，我们为什么贯彻得不好呢？没有钱。钱到哪儿去了呢？第一，我们政府机关庞大，吃饭财政，把钱都吃光了。朱彤：President Jiang Zemin attaches great importance to this issue and he has repeatedly emphasized the importance of science and education to Chinas development. But why hasnt this be

33、en implemented well? Because there is no money. And where has all the money gone? We have, you know, currently a very unwieldy government organization and government institutions, so we call, its like eating finance or eating budget. That is to say, most, a large proportion of the budget have been e

34、armarked for paying the salaries of the government functionaries, so all the money actually have been eaten up.朱镕基：第二，在各级政府的干预底下，进行了不少的盲目的重复建设。几十亿、几百亿的一个项目投产以后没得市场。相反，把原有的一些企业又挤跨了。这就是中央的财政，包括我们的银行都拿不出钱来支持科教兴国，把钱浪费了。朱彤：And secondly, under the intervention of governments at various levels, there have

35、been a lot of indiscriminate and duplicated constructions. Some projects which have absorbed billions or tens of billions of RMB yuan of investment, as soon as they are put into operation, they actually they cant find any market for their projects, and some existing enterprises have to be closed or

36、be suspended because of these newly set-up projects. Thats the main reason why the central government and including various state-owned banks do not have enough money to support the strategy of revitalizing the country through science and technology, because a lot of money has been squandered.朱镕基：因此

37、本届政府决心精简政府结构，减掉一半的人。同时进一步贯彻制止重复建设的方针，不允许进行重复建设，把钱省下来。科技兴国的方针就能够贯彻了。科教兴国。朱彤：So, the current government has every resolve to streamline and simplify the government institutions, and to cut the staff by half, and we will continue to implement the policy of prohibiting and stopping all the duplicated co

38、nstructions. So that we will be able to channel more money and to save more money for implementing the strategy of revitalizing China through science and education.朱镕基：中央已经决定成立国家科技教育领导小组。我当组长，李岚清同志当副组长。已经江泽民主席批准。我们有决心进一步把科教兴国的方针贯彻到底。谢谢大家。朱彤：The Central Committee of the CPC has decided to establish a

39、 leading group for the state science and education development. And I will be the head of the group, and Vice Premier Li Lanqing will be the deputy head, and this has got the approval of President Jiang Zemin, so we have the determination to implement very well the policy and strategy of revitalizin

40、g China through science and education. Thank you.REPORTER: I am from the French Daily Le Monde, Chatevon. Prime Minister, I would like to ask you a question about the state-owned enterprise reform. Um, China started to elaborate this reform at a time when the South Korean model of big conglomerate w

41、as deemed quite successful. Since things have changed, as you know, so I would like to know if the collapse of this model will have any effect on the way you are thinking about this reform, and this questions arises another one. That is, the 4pace of this reform. Given the new context, the new origi

42、nal context of the financial crisis, will China slow down the pace of this reform or, on the contrary, will you be more cautious? Thank you.朱彤：我是法国世界报的记者。总理先生，我的问题涉及到中国的国有企业改革。当中国在考虑进行国有企业改革的时候，当时韩国的这些大财团是非常成功的时期。但是最近的情况发现，这些大财团纷纷出现问题，有的已垮台。那么它们失败的经历是不是会对中国要进行国有企业改革的这种方式、这种模式产生什么样的影响？下面一个问题就是说，中国在进行

43、国有企业改革方面，它的步伐会是怎么样的，它将是采取一种什么样的速度，特别考虑到现在出现了金融危机这样的新情况。在这种情况下，中国是会放慢中国国有企业改革的速度吗？还是主中国会在这方面变得更加谨慎？朱镕基：第一，我对于韩国的企业的经验不想作任何评论。但是，我们对于这一次在亚洲的金融危机中间各个国家所取得的经验教训，我们都应该，而且确实也在这里很好地借鉴。朱彤：First, I do not want to make any comment on the experience of those South Korean chaebols, but with regard to the experi

44、ence and the lessons of other countries in the recent Asian financial crisis, we should draw upon them and we are doing so.朱镕基：第二，这一次东南亚的金融危机不会影响中国国有企业改革的速度。朱彤：Secondly, the financial crisis in Southeast Asia will not affect the pace of Chinas reform in the state-owned enterprises.B 面朱镕基：我们认为在三年内，也就

45、是本世纪末实现中国国有企业的亏损企业大多数在本世纪末摆脱困境完全能够实现。朱彤：And we are very confident that at the end of the century - thats in three years time - the objective of bringing most of the loss-making state-owned enterprises out of their difficult situation can be realized.朱镕基：我觉得外国舆论对中国国有企业的困难看得太大了。我们讲中国国有企业的亏损面现在有百分之四十几，

46、它是按企业的个数来统计的。中国目前的工业企业有 7 万 9 千个。你看这种，有的是很小的，只有几十个人或者几个人。按这个数目来统计，当然亏损面很大。但是，请大家注意，其中500 个特大型的国有企业，它所产生向国家交纳的税收和它自己的利润就占了全中国的利润和税收的85%。而这 500 个特大型企业，亏损面只有 10%。也就是 50 个。所以我们认为，从总体上讲，国有企业亏损企业摆脱困境，三年够了。朱彤：I think some foreign media have overestimated or played up the difficulties of Chinas state-owned

47、enterprises. When we say that the loss-making percentage of state-owned enterprises is 40 percent, we are referring to the number of the loss-making state-owned enterprises. You know, in China there are 79 thousand in industrial enterprises which are state-owned, and some are very small, employing o

48、nly several or dozens of people. So, in terms of the number of these loss-making enterprises, it seems that the loss-making percentage is very high, but here Id like to call your attention to this fact, that in China we have 500 extremely large or mega state-owned enterprises, whose profits and taxe

49、s turned into the state account for 85 percent of the total. And among the 500 mega state-owned enterprises, the loss-making percentage is only 10 percent. That is, only fifty of them are at a loss. So, thats why I say that three years are enough for us to bring the most of the loss-making state-owned enterprises out of their difficult situation.REPORTER：Thank you.REPORTER: Mr. Prime Minister, Im a Russian journalist from a Russian radio station, Mayak. Some people say that because you didnt study in the Soviet Union like some other leaders of China, may