专业词汇中英文对照表.doc

1、Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Eletrical Circuits电路 electrical circuit 电路模型 Circuit model电源 source 负载 load导线 line 开关 switch电荷 electric charge 电流 current电压 voltage 电位 potential电位升 potential rise 电位降 potential drop电位差 potential difference 参考点 Reference point线性电阻 linear resistance 磁通链 magnetic flux lin

2、kage功率 power 能量 energy电阻器 resistor 电阻 resistance电动势electromotive force （e.m.f ）伏安特性u-i characteristicvolt-ampere characteristic电导器 conductor 电导 conductance电感器 inductor 电感 inductance电容器 capacitor 电容 capacitance欧姆定律 Ohms Law 广义欧姆定律 generalized Ohms Law参考方向 reference direction 电压极性 voltage polarity正极 p

3、ositive polarity 负极 negative polarity开路 open-circuit 短路 short-circuit理想独立电压源ideal independent voltage source实际电压源 physical source理想独立电流源ideal independent current source理想受控源ideal dependent / controlled source压控电压源voltage controlled voltage source（VCVS）压控电流源voltage controlled current source（VCCS）流控电压

4、源current controlled voltage source（CCVS）流控电流源current controlled current source（CCCS）节点 node 支路 branch回路 loop 路径 path网孔 mesh 网络 network基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoffs current law（KCL）基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoffs voltage law（KVL）闭合面 closed surface 集总参数 lumped parameter集总（参数）电路 lumped circuit集总（参数）元件lumped element分布参数 distri

5、buted parameter分布（参数）电路distributed circuit直流 direct current（DC） 交流alternating current（AC ）有源元件 active element 无源元件 passive element无损电路 lossless circuit Chapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor circuits端钮 terminal 串联 series connection分压 voltage division 并联 parallel connection分流 current division

6、等效变换 equivalent transformation等效电阻 equivalent resistance 入端电阻 input resistance最大功率传输定理 Maximum power transfer theorem Y- 变换 Wye-Delta transformationChapter 3 methods of Analysis节点法 node analysis / node voltage method 支路电流法 branch current method回路电流法 loop analysis / loop current method 外网孔 outer mesh

7、网孔电流法 mesh analysis / mesh current method 自导纳 self admittance互导纳 mutual admittance 矩阵 matrix行 row 列 column参考节点 reference node 平面电路 planar circuit方程 equation 消去法 elimination technique克莱姆法则 Cramers rule 代入法 substitution method运算放大器 operational amplifier(op amp) 同向输入端 noninverting input反向输入端 inverting

8、input 输出端 output等效电路模型equivalent circuit model开环放大倍数open-loop gain闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain 入端电阻 input resistance输出电阻 output resistance 线性工作区 linear region正向饱和区 positive saturation 反向饱和区 negative saturation同向放大器 noninverting amplifier 反向放大器 invflipflipplifier加法器 summing amplifier / summer 积分器 integrato

9、r微分器 differentiator 自激振荡 self-excited oscillationChapter 4 Circuit Theorems叠加原理 superposition theorem 齐性原理 homogeneity property输入/激励 input / excitation 输出/响应 output / response线性电路 linear circuit 代数和 algebraic sum替代定理 substitution theorem 戴维南定理 Thevenins theorem诺顿定理 Nortons theorem 二端网络 two-terminal

10、circuit开路电压 open-circuit voltage 短路电流 short-circuit current特勒根定理 Tellegens theorem 功率平衡定理 power-balancing theorem互易定理 reciprocal theorem 对偶原理 principle of duality对偶元件 dual element 对偶图 dual graph对偶电路 dual circuit Chapter 5 Analysis of Op Amp Circuits运算放大器 operational amplifier(op amp) 同向输入端 noninvert

11、ing input反向输入端 inverting input 输出端 output等效电路模型equivalent circuit model开环放大倍数open-loop gain闭环放大倍数closed-loop gain 入端电阻 input resistance输出电阻 output resistance 线性工作区 linear region正向饱和区 positive saturation 反向饱和区 negative saturation同向放大器 noninverting amplifier 反向放大器 inverting amplifier加法器 summing amplif

12、ier / summer 积分器 integrator微分器 differentiator 自激振荡 self-excited oscillationChapter 6 First-order Circuit动态电路 dynamic circuit 一阶电路 first-order circuit一阶微分方程 first-order differential equation 过渡过程 transient process/ transient线性非时变电路linear time-invaried circuit 单位阶跃函数 unit step function单位冲激函数 unit impu

13、lse function 单位斜坡函数 unit ramp function起始条件 initial condition 起始值 initial value换路定则 switch law 零输入响应 zero-input response零状态响应 zero-state response 稳态响应 steady-state response暂态响应 transient response 时间常数 time constant指数函数 exponential function 冲激响应 impulse response阶跃响应 step response 自由响应 natural response

14、自由分量 natural component 强迫响应 forced response强制分量 forced component 全响应 complete response稳态值 final value 卷积 convolution时域延迟 time delay 换路 switching跳变现象 jump phenomenon 脉冲持续时间 pulse duration脉冲重复周期 repeating period of pulse Chapter 7 Second-order Circuit常系数微分方程constant coefficients differential equation齐

15、次微分方程homogeneous differential equation二阶电路 second-order circuit 特征方程 characteristic equation特征根 characteristic root 特征值 eigenvalue特征向量 eigenvector 特解 particular solution通解 general solution 自然频率 natural frequency衰减系数 damping factor 谐振频率 resonant frequency过阻尼情况 overdamped case 欠阻尼情况 underdamped case临界

16、情况 critically damped case 固有频率 natural frequency衰减振荡 damped oscillation 无损 lossless正弦响应 sinusoidal response 波形 waveform复数 complex 衰减 attenuationChapter 8-9 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis复数 complex number 幅值 amplitude / magnitude相位 phase 相位差 phase difference角频率 angular frequency 周期 period频率 frequen

17、cy 正弦的 sinusoidal初相角 initial phase angle 瞬时值 instantaneous value最大值 maximum 有效值 effective value / root-mean-square valueu 领先 i u leads i by u 落后 i u lags i by 同相 in phase 反相 opposite in phase实部 real part 虚部 imaginary part直角坐标形 rectangular form 极坐标形式 polar form式指数形式 exponential form 相量 phasor参考相量 ref

18、erence phasor 旋转相量 rotating phasor电压三角形 voltage triangle 瞬时功率 instantaneous power平均功率 average power 阻抗 impedance阻抗角 impedance angle 阻抗三角形 impedance triangle导纳 admittance 电抗 reactance电纳 suspectance 感性 inductive感抗 inductive reactance 感纳 inductive suspectance容性 capacitive 容抗 capacitive reactance容纳 capa

19、citive suspectance正弦稳态响应sinusoidal steady-state response时域 time-domain 相量域 phasor-domain瞬时概率 instantaneous power视在/表观功率apparent power功率因数 power factor (pf) 复功率 complex power功率三角形 power triangle 复共轭 complex conjugate有功分量 active component 有功功率 active power无功分量 reactive component功率守恒定理theorem of conser

20、vation of power无功功率 reactive power 阻抗匹配 impedence matching共轭匹配 conjugate matching 串联谐振 series resonance 并联谐振 parallel resonance谐振频率 resonance frequency 品质因数 quality factor特性阻抗 characteristic impedence 频率响应 frequency response选择性 selectivity 选频特性 frequency-selection characteristicChapter 10 Magnetical

21、ly Coupled Circuits耦合 couple 互感 mutual inductance自感 self-inductance 磁通 magnetic flux线圈 coil 铁心线圈 iron core coil匝数 turn 耦合系数 coupling coefficient变压器 transformer 空心变压器 air-core transformer原边 primary coils / windings 副边 secondary coils / windings引入阻抗 reflected impendence 理想变压器 ideal transformer全耦合 unit

22、y coupling coefficient 全耦合变压器 perfect coupling transformer变比 turns ratio / transformation ratio 自耦合变压器 auto transformer多绕组变压器 multiple-winding transformer 激磁电感 magnetizing inductance右螺旋定则 right-hand screw rule 漏感 leakage inductance同名端dotted terminalterminals of same magnetic polarityChapter 11 Three

23、-phase Circuits对称三相电路 symmetrical three-phase circuit 三相电源 three-phase sources中线 neutral line 中性点 neutral point三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system 相电压 phase voltage线电压 line voltage 相序 phase sequence正序 positive / abc sequence 负序 negative / acb sequence相电流 phase current 线电流 line currentChapter 12 Stead

24、y-State Response of Periodic Excitation信号 signal 周期函数 periodic function周期性非正弦激励 nonsinusoidal periodic excitation 帕斯瓦尔定理 Parsevals theorem指数形式的付里叶级数exponential Fourier series 付里叶系数 Fourier coefficient基波 fundamental harmonic 基波频率 fundamental frequency谐波 harmonic wave 高次谐波 higher harmonic频谱 frequency

25、spectrum 谱线 spectrum line线状频谱 line spectrum 奇次谐波 oddharmonic偶次谐波 even harmonic 奇对称 odd symmetry偶对称 even symmetry 半波对称 half-wave symmetry三角形式的付里叶级数trigometric Fourier series Chapter 15 State Variables Approach状态变量 state variable 状态方程 state equation输出方程 output equation 状态空间 state space列向量 column vecto

26、r 特征值 characteristic value特征向量 characteristicvector 特征方程 characteristicequation相似矩阵 similar matrix 状态转移矩阵 state transition matrixChapter 16 Two-port Networks二端口网络 two-port network / two-port 端口 port四端网络 four-terminal network / quadripole Z 参数 impedence parametersY 参数 admittance parameters H 参数 hybri

27、d parametersT 参数 transmission parameters 短路导纳 short admittance开路阻抗 open impedance 策动点 driving point（二端口）级联 cascade connection 传播常数 transmission constant衰减系数 attenuation constant 相位系数 phase constant回转器 gyrator 复合二端口 composite two-portChapter 17 Nonlinear circuit非线性电路 nonlinear circuit 非线性元件 nonlinear element压控电阻 voltage-controlled resistor 流控电阻 current-controlled resistor工作点 operating point 静态电阻 static resistance动态电阻 dynamic resistance 小信号分析 small-signal analysis小信号模型 small-signal mode 分段线性化法 piece-wise linear method数值解法 numerical analysis