2014年北京中考语文试卷解析.doc

1、北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980绝密 启封并使用完毕前2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）英语本试题卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题） 。第卷至 8 页，第卷 9 至 10 页，共 10 页。 满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草纸上答题不小。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回第卷（选择题 共 90 分）注意事项：1. 必须使用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上将所选答案对应的标号涂黑2. 第卷共两部分，共计 90 分。第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，共 40 分）第一节 单项填空从

2、A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分）1.Sorry, I forgot to lock the door._ Mike can do it later.A. No way B. Take your time C. Nothing serious D. Youre welcome2.You _be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. can D.will3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny

3、,are prizes for us.Awhich B.what C.whose D.that4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A.are being built B.will be built C.have been built D.had been built5.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.A.a B.an C.the D.不填6.There is only one more day to g

4、o your favorite music group play live.A.since B. until C.when D. before7.Andy is content with the toy.It is he has ever got.A.a better B.the better C.a best D.the best8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.A.where B.why C.what D.which9.Little Tom sat watching the monk

5、ey dancing in front of him.北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980A.amaze B.amazing C.amazed D.to amaze10.Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.A.nothing B.no one C.neither D.none第二节 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （共 20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共 30 分）My prev

6、ious home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard.That first year,I_feeding peanuts to the blue jays,then the squirrels.The squirrels had no_and didnt escape.When I threw carrot slices(薄片) ，they even came for a nibble(啃).Slowly they came to_me,and by the end of the year they

7、were eating out of my hand.That second year,the rabbits_me,and one would even sit up for slices!While I was feeding them,i_that a groundhog who used to run away was now talking an_interest in this food situation.I carefully extended a long_,with a keen eye on those teeth,and _,there were times I wou

8、ld have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit,both munching(津津有味的咀嚼) On carrots.Afew months later,while _20_,she would even turn her back to me._21_When she was facing away,I reached out and _22_scratched（搔）her back with my finger,She Didnt move.By year three,the rabbits and the groundhog were back

9、.The ground hog _23_didnt have a problem with me scratching her back,and I got an ides,Id always_24_,while sclcing uo carrots,that the end looked like a cap._25_one day,just to see what she would do ,Igently _26_ one on top of the groundhogs head.Again,not a _27_,The next time, Ihad my camera ready

10、to record what you see here,one of several dozen such pictures,_28_she had a slice to eat,she never _29_ the one of her head.It was a fair _30_ I got a pleasure,and she had yet another tasty treat.11.A.avoided B.started C.canceled D.suggested12.A.business B.fun C.problem D.privilege13.A.help B.cheat

11、 C.threat D.exception14.A.trust B.miss C.admire D.appreciate15.A.feared B.ignored C.discovered D.remembered16.A.proved B.decided C.noticed D.understood17.A.extreme B.increasing C.additional D.inspiring18.A.squirrel B.rabbit C.peanut D.carrot19.A.before long B.long ago C.over and over D.all over agai

12、n20.A.eating B.playing C.sitting D.sleeping21.A.Next B.Once C.Soon D.Lately北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-5751598022.A.carefully B.suddenly C.violently D.patiently23.A.also B.thus C.just D.still24.A.thought B.doubted C.admitted D.recognised25.A.While B.Or C.So D.For26.A.fixed B.placed C.hung D.kept

13、27.A.tremble B.move C.delay D.hesitation28.A.Even if B.Ever since C.As far as D.So long as29.A.welcomed B.required C.bothered D.expected30.A.trade B.competition C.task D.affair第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，共 50 分）第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 （共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，共 40 分）31. The card above is_A. a

14、ticket B. a postcardC. an invitation D. an advertisement32. The party is for_A. a birthday北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980B. the QueenC. bee watchingD. the National Day33.Accordoing to the card ,if you are unable to go ,you can .A.return the cardB.visit the MuseumC.ignore the messageD.contac

15、t AlicemotherBNothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house in exchange f

16、or manure(肥料 ). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even swe

17、eter.As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. th

18、e pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dads pile of chicken manure。was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.Dad

19、carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around it didnt look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down

20、 my ability to smell, it didnt offend the nose so much, edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup.34. Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgins chicken house regularly?A. To earn some money for the family.B. To collect manure for his crops.C. To get rid of the terrible smell.D. To set a good example

21、 to us.35. What can we infer about Dads stew?A. It is popular among the neighbors.B. It contains honey and vegetables.北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980C. It looks very wonderful.D. It tastes quite delicious.36. What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?A. To attrctB. T

22、o upsetC. To airD. To shut37. What can we learn about Dad form the text?A. He is an experienced cook.B. He is a troublesome father.C. He has a positive attitude to life.D. He suffers a lot from his disability.Across Britain,burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and

23、daughters to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers,But,according to a new study,we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.Mothers have long known that their home worked was just heavy as paid work.Now,the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours,t

24、hey would earn as much as172,000 a year.The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do,as well as the hours they are working,to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income 3000 more than the Prime Minister earns.By analysing the numbers,it found the average mother works 119 hours a we

25、ek,40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate 79 hours as overtime.After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18,it found that ,on mmost days,mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm.To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour,it sugges

26、ted some of the roles that mums could take on,including housekeeper,part-time lawyer,personal trainer and entertainer.being a prt-time laeyer,at 48.98 an hour,would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jibs”,with psychologist（心理学家）a close second.It also asked mothers about the challenges they

27、 face,with 80 percent making emotional（情感的） emand as the hardest thing about motherhood.Over a thord of mums felt they needed more training angd around half said they missed going out with friends.The study shoes mothers marter all year long and not just on,Mothers Day.The emotional,physical and men

28、tal energy mothers devote to their chilren can be necer-ending,but children are alos sources of great joy and happiness.Investing（投入）in time for 北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.38.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Pr

29、ime Minister?A.30,000. B.142,000.C.172,000. D.202,000.39.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from .A.emotional demand B.low pay for workC.heavy workload D.lack of training40.What is stressed in the last paragraph?A.Mothersimportance shows in family all year long.B.The sacrifices mothers make a

30、re huge but worhwhile.C.Mothersdevotion to children can hardly be calculated.D.Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.41.What can we conclude from the study?A.Mothersworking hours should be largely reduced.B.Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.C.Motherslabour is o

31、f a higher value than it is realised.D.Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.DTheir cheery song brightens many a winters day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night 一 as well as during the day,British-based researchers sa

32、y.David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds biological clock, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of

33、sleep could put the birdshealth at risk.His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.He told people at a conference, “There have been

34、 a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output, there mtgrit be some costs of energy.“And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by

35、 artificial light. Blackoiids and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, “In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me saying You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?.During the breeding(繁殖)season,between April and June,they are

36、 very active at night and very 北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980noisy and people cant sleep.“Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution,other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.However, some b

37、irds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.42. According to Dr Dominonis study,what causerrobins to sing

38、 so much?A. The breeding season. B. The light in modemC. The dangerous environment. D. The noise from heavy machinery.43. What is the researchers concern over the increase of birds song output?A. The environment might be polluted.B. The birds health might be damaged.C. The industry cost might be inc

39、reased.D.The peoples hearing might be affected.44. What does the underlined word “nocturnal“ in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Active at night. B. Inactive at night.C. Active during the day. D.Inactive during the day.45. Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?A. Because there are fewer dangers.B. Becau

40、se there is more food to eat.C. Because there is less light pollutionD. Because there are more places to take shelter.ENo one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rocknroll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden pole s to

41、 the stones and rolled then across the sand, the scientists say.“Technically, I think what theyre proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And hteres no obvious answer. On average, each of the two mollion big stones wei

42、ghed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians smehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from 北京中高考网专注北京中考、高考门户网站北京中高考网热线：010-57515980about one kilometer away.The most popular view is that Egyptian workes slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect wokers first wou

43、ld haveput the blocks on sleds(滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.Evidence from

44、 the sand supports this idea. Resrarchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.However , physicist Joseph West think there might have been a simpler way , led the new study . West said , “I was inspired while watching a television program showing ho

45、w sleds might have helped with pyramid construction . I thought , Why dont they just try rolling the things ? ” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides , he realized . That , he notes , should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a squar

46、e”.So he tried it.He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block.That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.Then they placed the block on the ground.They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll

47、 the block along different kinds of paths.They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.West hasnt tested his idea on larger blocks,but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.At least,workers woldnt have needed to carry cattle fat