【2014高考调研】（新课标·名校调研）北师大版·英语（高三总复习）Unit 22 Environmental Protection（课件）.ppt

1、Units 2224Unit 22 Environmental Protection基础知识梳理词汇梳理1. _ vt. 使困住2. _ n. 生态_ adj. 生态的3. _ n. 顾问4. _ n. 保护区5. _ n. 原则；道德准则6. _ n. 保护7. _ adj. 有关的8. _ vi. 反弹,9. _ n. 巧合_ adj. 巧合的10. _ vt. & vi. 牺牲；献出11. _ vt. 主张；提倡12. _ vt. 回收利用13. _ n. 代替品；代用品14. _ vt. 威胁15. _ vt. 依法没收；扣押16. _ adj. 多变的17. _ n. 灌溉18. _

2、 adj. 艰难的19. _ n. 巨大的灾难,20. _ n. 方法21. _ vt. 建造_ n. 建设；建造22. _ adj. 破烂的23. _ vi. 滑落24. _ vi. 滑行25. _ adj. 多山的26. _ vt. & vi. 逃走27. _ n. 潜在的可能性28. _ vt. 采用_ n. 采用,29. _ vt. 分配；配合_ n. 分配；配合30. _ vt. 削尖31. _ n. (生物)进化_ v. 进化32. _ adj. 成熟的33. _ vt. & vi.雕刻34. _ vt. 计算；算出_ n. 计算；算出35. _ adj. 想得周到的；体贴的_ v

3、t. 考虑,自我校对1.trap 2.ecology； ecological 3.consultant 4.reserve 5.principle 6.conservation 7.relevant 8.bounce 9.coincidence； coincident 10.sacrifice 11.advocate 12.recycle 13.substitute 14.threaten 15.seize 16.changeable 17.irrigation 18.rough 19.catastrophe 20.means 21.construct； construction 22.sha

4、bby 23.slip 24.slide 25.mountainous 26.flee 27.potential 28.adopt； adoption 29.allocate； allocation 30.sharpen 31.evolution； evolve 32.mature 33.carve 34.calculate； calculation 35.considerate; consider,短语梳理1. _ 一些2. _ 超出的控制；不受的控制3. _ 依次4. _ 引起；导致5. _ 采取行动6. _ 在前面7. _ 除以外8. _ 要求结束9. _ 否则；不然10. _ 结束,1

5、1. _ 代表12. _ 永远13. _ 掠去；夺走14. _ 总的来说15. _ 导致16. _ 塞住耳朵17. _ 祝一切顺利18. _ 实际上19. _ 摆脱；脱离(团体、组织、某种思想体系),自我校对1.a number of 2.beyond ones control 3.in turn 4.lead to 5.take action 6.ahead of 7.apart from 8.call for an end to sth. 9.or else 10.wrap up 11.on sb.s behalf 12.for good 13.carry off 14.all in al

6、l 15.result in 16.plug ones ears 17.all the best 18.as a matter of fact 19.break away from,重点知识探究重点单词1. trap vt. 诱骗；诱捕；设陷阱捕捉；困住；使陷入绝境；使受限制 n. (捕捉动物的)夹子；罗网；陷阱；圈套；困境；(对付人的)计谋；策略；陷阱She felt she had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.她觉的自己是中了圈套才接受了合同条款的。Thirty miners were trapped unde

7、rground after the fire.起火后有三十名矿工被困在地底下。,A trap was laid， with fresh bait.陷阱被设置好了，还投放了新的诱饵。知识梳理trap sb. into . 使陷入圈套；使中计set a trap 设置陷阱fall into the trap of doing 掉进陷阱avoid the trap of doing 避免掉进陷阱点津提示trap的过去式和过去分词均为trapped，现在分词是trapping。,探究练习Think over again and dont fall into the _ of investing all

8、 your money in one place.A. trap B. chanceC. accident D. opportunity,【解析】 A 考查了trap用作名词表示“陷阱”之意的用法。句意:要三思而行，不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方，那样做不明智。而chance是“机会”；相当于opportunity； accident是“事故”，均为干扰项。,2. reserve n. 保护区；储存量 vt. 预定；保留large oil and gas reserves大量的石油和天然气储存量I have reserved a room in the name of Jones.我以琼斯的

9、名字订了一个房间。All rights (are) reserved.保留所有权利(版权所有；不许翻印)。,知识梳理without reserve 毫无保留地a nature reserve 自然保护区reserve sth. for sb. / sth. 为某人/某物保留、预订be reserved for 留作；(专)供之用in reserve 储存(1)reserved adj. 保留的；预订的reserved seats 预订的座位(2)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)make a reservation 预订,探究练习It is a good habit of

10、 keeping some money in _， just in case.A. orderB. placeC. reserve D. preparation,【解析】 C 考查了in reserve表示“备用”之意的用法。句意：存起一些钱来备用以防万一是好习惯。而in order是“有秩序”； in place是“在适当的位置”； in preparation是“在准备的过程中”，均为干扰项。,高考体验(2011福建)Id prefer to _ my judgement until I find all the evidence.A. show B. expressC. pass D.

11、reserve,【解析】 D 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿保留我的判断直到找到所有证据。reserve“保存；保留”； show“出示”； express“表达”； pass“传递；传达”。根据句意可知，正确答案为D项。,3. beyond prep. 在或往另一边；在或往的更远处；超出The house is beyond the bridge.房子在桥那边。Those results were beyond dispute.那些结果不容争辩。The switch on the wall was beyond the babys reach.墙上的开关小孩子是够不到的。There we

12、rent beyond twenty people present.出席的人不超过20名。,知识梳理beyond sb. 为某人所不能理解beyond oneself 精神错乱；忘形；失态,探究练习Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams.A. at B. beyondC. within D. upon,【解析】 B beyond是“超出；超过”之意，与“dream”相搭配，表示“超出梦想之外”。句意：伊丽莎白已经取得了超出她的最疯狂的梦想之外的成功。,高考体验(2010安徽)I havent seen Sara s

13、ince she was a little girl， and she has changed beyond _.A. hearing B. strengthC. recognition D. measure,【解析】 C 句意：自从萨拉还是个小女孩的时候，我就一直没见过她。她现在已经变得(让人)认不出来了。beyond recognition impossible to recognize“无法辨认”。,4. advocate vt. 主张；提倡 n. 提倡者；鼓吹者He advocates pulling down the old house.他主张推倒这所旧房屋。He is an adv

14、ocate of peace.他是和平的拥护者。点津提示advocate后面可以接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，还可以接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气should do的形式，其中should可以省略。,探究练习People running for president often _ reducing taxes.A. advise B. advocateC. plan D. insist,【解析】 B 考查了advocate表示“提倡；主张”后面接doing的用法。句意：竞选总统的人们主张减少税收。advise是“建议”；多用于advise sb. to do的结构中； pla

15、n是“计划”，多用于plan to do的结构中； insist是“坚持”，多用于insist on doing的结构中。,5. threaten vt. 威胁；恐吓He threatened me with a gun.他用手枪威胁我。The strikers were threatened with dismissal if they didnt return to work.罢工者受到威胁说，如果他们不复工，就会被解雇。知识梳理threaten sb. with sth. 用某物来威胁某人threaten to do sth. 威胁着做某事threaten sb. into doing

16、sth. 威胁某人使之干某事threaten sb. out of doing sth. 威胁某人使之不干某事,探究练习His brother _ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.A. declared B. threatenedC. warned D. claimed,【解析】 B 考查了threaten to do sth.表示“威胁干某事”之意的用法。句意：他的弟弟威胁说如果她不遵循他的要求的话，他就会把她独自留在那个黑暗的屋子里。declare是“宣布；宣告”； warn 是“警告”，多用

17、于warn sb. of / about sth.或warn sb. to do 的结构中； claim“声称”，均不符合语法要求。,高考体验(2009上海)David threatened _ his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.A. to be reported B. reportingC. to report D. having reported,【解析】 C 句意：大卫威胁说，如果这些损坏没有得到赔偿，他就把邻居告到警察那去。threaten后需加不定式作宾语，故排除B、D两项；David与report之间为

18、主动关系，不必用被动形式，故选C项。,6. seize vt & vi. 依法没收；扣押；抓住；逮住；理解They seized an opportunity.他们抓住了机会。If you dont pay your debt， your property will be seized.如果你不还债， 你的财产将被扣押。I cant quite seize your meaning.我不太理解你的意思。,知识梳理be seized of 合法占有；审议；受理be seized with 被侵扰；患；得(病)seize on (upon) 猛扑；袭击；抓住；利用,探究练习Although he

19、had read the passage over and over again， he didnt _ its general idea.A. seize B. holdC. catch D. follow,【解析】 A 考查了seize表示“理解；领会”之意的用法。句意：尽管他已经反复读过这篇文章，他还是不能够理解文章的大意。其余选择项均不能够表达这一含义。,7. means n. 单复数同形方法；方式；手段；工具Scientists are working to devise a means of storing this type of power.科学家们正在为发明一种能储存这种动力

20、的方法而工作。Are there any means of getting there?有什么方法可以到那里吗? The quickest means of travel is by plane.最快的旅行途径是乘飞机。,知识梳理by means of 用的方法by all means(表示同意)当然可以；没问题；务必；无论如何；不惜一切地；千方百计地by any means口用一切可能的方法或手段by no means决不；一点也不by some means (or other)想个办法；以某种方法by this means用这种方法,点津提示means是单复数同形；当means作主语且前面

21、有every， each等表示单数意义的形容词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式；当前面有some， all， several， many， few等表示复数意义的形容词修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。,探究练习Cars， buses， trains and ships are common _ of transport.A. methods B. waysC. means D. manners,【解析】 C 考查了means表示“方式”之意的用法。句意：小汽车、公交车、火车和轮船都是普通的交通方式。method是“方法”； way是“做事情的方式”； manners是“礼貌”，均为干扰项。,高考体验 C

22、an I come and have a look at your new house? Yes， _!A. with pleasure B. I like itC. I quite agree D. by all means,【解析】 D 考查情景交际。根据语境问句是典型的Can I . 提出祈求而非建议，故不能选A (with pleasure是对建议的回答，“乐意地”)，选项B和C不恰当。 by all means“当然可以(表示同意)”。,8. flee vt. 逃跑；逃走；逃避；消失 vi. 逃离；逃走He then fled down a side road.然后他从旁路逃跑了。W

23、hy does she always flee any kind of responsibility?她为什么总是逃避责任?,求同存异(1)flee和escape均可以表示“逃”之意，但是flee强调“逃离”的动作，而escape强调“逃脱”的结果。The prisoners were fleeing in all directions but none of them could escape.犯人们朝四面八方逃窜，但是没有一个能够逃出去。(2)escape和run away后面多与介词from连用表示“逃离某地”；而flee后面可以接from也可以直接接表示地点的名词。知识梳理flee f

24、rom . sb. / sth. to / into . 从逃离到flee to a place 逃到某地flee from a place 从某处逃走,探究练习When the war broke out in Iraq， thousands of Iraqi _ their hometown and wandered about.A. returned B. fledC. left for D. escaped,【解析】 B 考查了flee表示“逃离某地”之意的用法。句意：当伊拉克战争爆发时，成千上万的伊拉克人逃离了自己的家乡四处流浪。return是“返回”； leave for是“出发去

25、某地”； escape后面接介词from，表示“逃离某地”。,9. adopt vt. 采纳；采用；收养；通过All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.所有三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。They adopted an orphan.他们收养了一个孤儿。The committee adopted the law.委员会通过了这项法律。,点津提示adopt； adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同；adopt“采纳；采用；通过；收养”。adapt“适应；改编；改写”。另外注意它们的名词在词形上的差异：adopt adop

26、tion， adapt adaptation,探究练习After much deliberation， the president decided to _ her suggestion.A. adapt B. adoptC. appeal D. adjust,【解析】 B 考查了adopt表示“采用；采纳”之意的用法。句意：经过仔细的考虑后，总统决定采用她的建议。adapt是“改编；改写；适应”； appeal是“呼吁；请求”； adjust是“调整；调节”，均为干扰项。,重点短语1. refer to 提到；涉及；查阅；参考Does your remark refer to all of

27、us?你的评论是针对所有的人吗？The teacher referred him to Chapter V.老师叫他看第五章。Refer to the dictionary when you dont know how to spell a word.不知道如何拼写单词时，可以查词典。,点津提示“查词典”的表达法consult the dictionary refer to the dictionary look up sth. in the dictionary知识拓展与refer有关的其他短语：refer oneself to 依赖；求助于refer to sb. (sth.) as 称某

28、人(物)为,探究练习In his speech he _ to the great help our country received from the supporters of the world.A. referred B. mentionedC. expressed D. offered,【解析】 A 考查了refer to表示“提到；谈到”之意的用法。句意：在他的演讲中，他提到了我们国家所获得的来自世界的支持者的帮助。mention是及物动词，表示“提及”； express是“表达”，为及物动词； offer是“提供”，均为干扰项。,2. look ahead 展望未来；预测未来Lo

29、oking ahead can keep you positive in your life.展望未来能够让你在人生中保持乐观的精神。We must look ahead before we make a decision.我们必须在我们做出决定之前看得远一点。,知识拓展与look有关的其他短语：look sb. up and down 上下仔细打量某人look after 对负责；照料；照顾look ahead to sth. 展望未来look around / round 环视；环顾look at 看；查看；看待look back on 回首；回忆；回顾look down upon / o

30、n 蔑视；看不起look for sth. 寻找；期望；盼望look forward to 期望；盼望,look into 调查；审查look on sb. / sth. as / to be 把看做look out (for) 小心；当心；留神look over 查看；检查look round 环顾四周look through 浏览；快速地查看look up 好转；改善；查阅；查检look up to sb. 钦佩；仰慕；尊敬have / take a look at 看一看,探究练习用与look有关的短语填空。(1)_ every new word will certainly be a

31、waste of time.(2)She _ her notes before the exam.(3)She _ when she heard the noise.(4)Do _ spelling mistakes in your homework.(5)She _ as the leading authority on the subject.(6)A working party has been set up to _ the problem.,【答案】 (1)Looking up (2) looked through (3) looked up (4)look out for (5)i

32、s looked on (6)look into,3. lead to 导致；引起；通向All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief being caught.新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住了。,知识拓展与lead有关的其他短语：lead sb. by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走；完全操纵或控制某人lead off 开始做某事lead sb. on 使误信lead a . life 过的生活take the lead 领先,探究练习We firmly believe that

33、 war never settles anything. It only _ violence.A. runs into B. comes fromC. leads to D. begins with,【解析】 C 考查了lead to表示“导致”之意的用法。句意：我们坚定地相信战争永远都不会解决任何问题，它只能导致暴力冲突事件。run into是“遇到；遭遇”； come from是“来自”； begin with是“开始于”，均为干扰项。,高考体验(2011山东)Look over there theres a very long， winding path _ up to the hou

34、se.A. leading B. leadsC. led D. to lead,【解析】 A 考查非谓语动词。lead up to在此处意为“通向”，与path是逻辑上的主谓关系。分析句子成分可知此处是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰path，相当于which leads up to。,4. apart from 除以外We had a pleasant time， apart from the weather.我们玩得很快乐，可就是天气不好。Apart from the injuries to his face and hands， he broke both legs.他除了脸部和双手受伤之外

35、，两条腿也断了。点津提示apart from意义相当于as well as， besides 或except for。,探究练习_ their house in London， they also have a villa in Spain.A. Apart from B. Except forC. Except D. As well,【解析】 A 考查了apart from相当于as well as或besides表示“除了外；还有”之意的用法。而except for表示“补充细节内容以使整体成立”； as well是副词短语，此处应该用as well as。,5. on ones beha

36、lf 代表My husband could not be here tonight， but I want to thank you on his behalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前来，我代表他向你们致谢。I paid the money on your behalf.我替你付了钱。,知识拓展与behalf有关的其他短语：on behalf of sb. =on sb.s behalf代表；为了；以某人的名义；为了某人；代表某人in behalf of 美为了的利益,探究练习I am here _ my parents to give our regards to you. A. on beh

37、alf of B. in behalf of C. to behalf of D. for behalf of,【解析】 A 考查了on behalf of sb.表示“代表某人”之意的用法。句意：我来到这里代表我的父母向你们问候。in behalf of sb.表示“代表某人的利益”，其余选择项均为干扰项。,6. break away from 脱离；摆脱Can you break away from old habits?你能够摆脱旧习惯吗？Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules.现代音乐如

38、爵士音乐已经摆脱了旧的传统规则。,知识拓展与break有关的其他短语：break down出故障；(谈判等)失败；崩溃；分解；(健康等)垮掉break in 闯入；插话break into 非法闯入；突然开始(唱、笑、哭等)break off 折断；突然终止；中断break out 爆发；突然发生break through 突破；克服break up (with sb.) 粉碎；解散；(学校等)期终放假；断绝关系,巧学助记,The sun broke through at last in the afternoon下午太阳终于拨云而出。 The peace talks are said to

39、have broken down据说和谈破裂了。The thief broke off the rope and ran away那个小偷挣脱了绳子，逃走了。The crowd started to break up when the night fell天黑时人群开始散开了。,探究练习Although the girl is only ten years old， she is eager to _ her mothers strict control.A. break away from B. keep away fromC. get rid of D. get into,【解析】 A 考

40、查了break away from表示“摆脱；脱离”之意的用法。句意：尽管这个女孩只有十岁，但是她非常渴望摆脱母亲的严格的控制。keep away from是“远离”； get rid of是“除去”； get into是“陷入”，均为干扰项。,高考体验(2009江苏) Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have_. So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished upC. divided up D. closed up,【解

41、析】 A 考查动词短语。break up意为“分裂；分手”，符合句意。finish up“完成；最后到达”； divide up“分组”； close up“倒闭”。,重点句型Given this data， it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。(1)句中given 是介词，“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”之意；相当于considering， respect

42、ing， seeing that或regarding。Given all these disadvantages， our school seems to take measures.鉴于这么多的不利因素，我们学校好像要采取措施。,Given his age， he had done well.考虑到他的年龄， 他已经做得很不错了。(2)it seems that . 好像It seems as if / though . 好像It seems that they will take action.好像他们要采取行动。It seems as if Bob wont be coming to t

43、he party.好像鲍勃不来参加晚会了。,探究练习_ that you are right， we will have to change our plan.A. Giving B. ConsideredC. Given D. Seen,【解析】 C 考查了given表示“如果”之意的用法。句意：如果你是正确的，我们就不得不改变我们的计划了。,随堂基础闯关.单项填空1. I cant stand Jack. He is too inefficient! Nobody is perfect. Try to be _ to others.A. considering B. consideredC

44、. considerable D. considerate,答案 D解析 答语句意：人无完人，对别人应该体谅一些。considerate“关心的；体贴的”。,2. Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.A. beyond B. withoutC. of D. in,答案 A解析 beyond words表示“在言语之外”，即“不能用言语来表达”。句意：听到她的感人故事后，他们每个人都感动得无法用语言来形容。,3. It was reported that 115 miners _ in the flood

45、ed mine for eight days were pulled out alive at last.A. trapped B. being trappedC. were trapped D. had trapped,答案 A解析 句意：据报道115名被困在矿井里八天的矿工最后被解救出来了。trapped in the flooded mine for eight days是过去分词短语作定语修饰115 miners， trap和miners之间是被动关系，且发生在过去，应用过去分词表被动和完成。,4. By no means _ to your parents.A. is this the first time you are lyingB. this is the first time you have liedC. this is the first time you tell a lieD. is this the first time you have lied,