高中英语知识点与语法总结.doc

1、必修 1核心单词1. addvt. for B. for; which C. for; about D. about; with（2）用 concern 的适当形式填空（原创）There is an article that the rise of the prices. The children are rather about their mothers health. Officials should themselves public affairs. (1)解析：选 A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和有关；b

2、e concerned for/about 担心；关心。(2)concerns concerned concern；with5. settlevi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。常用结构：settle down 镇定下来settle in 在 定居He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。The family has settled in Canada.这家人已定居加拿大。Page No.18高手过

3、招单项填空Do you know anyone in Paris?No. Ill make friends once .（2010福建厦门六中检测）A. Im settled B. I have settledC. Ill be settled D. Im settlingThe brake of your bicycle has come loose. Youd better it .（2010陕西西安交大附中）A. settle B. fixC. pick D. correct 解析：选 A。settle 作“安家”讲时，既可用 settle，也可用 be settled。本题是由 onc

4、e(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。解析：选 B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要“修理” 。Page No.196. suffervt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受vi.后接 from/for 意为“受之苦” ， “患疾病”常用结构：suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗? Shes suffering from loss of memor

5、y. 她患有遗忘症。联想拓展sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者suffering n.痛苦，苦难 Page No.20高手过招（1）单项填空In the countryside there are many dropouts (辍学者 ). I think the difficulty the poor economic conditions.（2010浙江嘉兴一轮检测）A. lies in B. result inC. leads to D. suffers from （2）翻译句子我们在金融危机中损失惨重。(1)解析：选 A。考查短语辨析。 lie in 在这里相当于 because

6、of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. Page No.21重点短语7. go through经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。Shes gone through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。Have you gone through all your money already?你把所有的钱都花完了吗？I went through the students papers

7、 last night.昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。联想拓展go after 追求；追赶go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧go by 走过；（时间）过去go along with 向前；（与 .)一起去go in for 爱好；从事Page No.22go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭go over 越过；复习go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（价格等）上升高手过招单项填空Wed better try to with the experiment, I think. Now lets with it.（2010河南许昌一模）A. go through; go on

8、B. go on; go overC. go over; go through D. go on; go throughIf a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .（2010平顶山一中月考）A. go up B. rise up C. throw up D. set up Page No.23解析：选 A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成” ；go on with 意思是“继续” 。解析：选 C。throw up 的意思是“呕吐；吐出” 。8. get

9、sth.done让别人做某事/使得某事被做done 是过去分词作宾语补足语，与 have sth. done 句型的用法一样。get sb./sth. doing 使某人/某事物起来get sb. to do sth.使/让某人做某事get done （状态的改变）get 作系动词，相当于 beget away 逃脱；离开get back 回来；取回get by 维持生活；通过get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事get in 进站；到达；收集get off 下来；下车get on 上车；进展；进步Page No.24get cross(对)生气，发脾气get i

10、n ones way 挡路，妨碍get used to doing sth.习惯做某事get involved in 涉及get in touch with 和取得联系get it 了解，懂得，明白高手过招（1）单项填空The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to our studies. （2010河南焦作一中月考）A. get down to B. get outC. get back for D. get over（2）完成句子（原创）讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。Shortly after the explan

11、ation the teacher got us . Page No.25我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。We will get a new suit for you. 她试图使他说话。She tried to get him .(1)解析：选 A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选 A。get down to 开始认真考虑，符合题意。 get out 出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；get back for 回来，恢复；get over 爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故 B、C 、D 三项均不符合题意。(2)thinking made to talk9. set d

12、own放下；记下；登记Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Page No.26联想拓展set about (doing sth.) 着手（做某事）set out (to do sth.)开始，着手( 做某事)set aside 留出；不顾set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟set free 释放；解放set off 动身，出发（去某地） ；使爆炸set out 动身，出发；安排，组织set up 开办；建立；设立set an example to 树立榜样set

13、fire to .= set . on fire 纵火烧be set in 以为背景The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。Page No.27温馨提示set about 和 set out 都可作“开始/着手做某事”讲，但 set about 后加 doing sth.， 而 set out后加 to do sth.。 高手过招单项填空As soon as

14、he got to the office, he the students papers.（2010山东济南一中月考）A. got down to correct B. got down to correcting C. set down to correctingD. sit down to correcting 解析：选 B。get down to 意思是“着手做某事” ，其中 to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词。 Page No.2810. on purpose故意The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jac

15、k.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。联想拓展purpose n. 目的，用途；目标；重要意义for the purpose of 为了to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。高手过招用 purpose 的适当形式或短语填空 （原创）He didnt do it . What was your ?on purpose purpose Page No.2911. join in 参加；加入T

16、hey didnt have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。联想拓展join sb. in sth.与某人一起做某事join up 入伍；参军join up with sb.与某人联合；会合join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？Let us join hands in friendship.让我们携手共建友谊吧。Page No.30易混辨析join in/join/take part in/attendjoin in

17、 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。join 参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;来和某人待在一起。take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于 be present。高手过招用 join/join in/take part in/attend 的适当形式填空（原创）I decided to the club to have dance training.Would you like me to the game?I a

18、 meeting last month.I will have to his funeral next week.join join in took part in/attended attendPage No.31重点句型12. .but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。not . until 意为“直到才” ，表示主句谓语的动作直到 until 状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until 引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，

19、则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。“It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that .”相当于“Not until . did (does, do, is .)+主语 .”意为“直到才” ，是强调形式。You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal. 体温正常后，你才能起床。He didnt leave until the meeting was over. 直到会议结束他才离开。Page No.32It was not until she took off her dark glasse

20、s that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。高手过招单项填空Not until , settle the problem. （2010潍坊一轮验收）A. he returns; can we B. he retu

21、rns; we can C. does he returns; we can D. does he return; we can It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didnt goPage No.33解析：选 A。当 not until 位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。解析：选

22、 C。强调句型 It is/was .that 对 not until .进行强调时，需把 not until .放到强调结构中，故选 C。13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。while walking the dog 是连词 while 加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于 while you were walking the dog。在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致

23、，谓语含有系动词 be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词 be。When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。Page No.34温馨提示在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为 it 时，也可以将 it 和助动词 be 省略。Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。高手过招 单项填空 with th

24、e size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2010山东莱州检测）A. Compares B. When comparingC. Comparing D. When compared the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原创)A. Compare B. When comparedC. Compared D. When comparingPage No.35解析：选 D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句

25、的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为 it 时，可以将从句中的主语或者 it 和助动词 be 省略。本句是将状语从句“When it is compared with the size of the whole earth”中的 it is 省略，因此正确答案为 D。解析：选 D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有 be 动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的 little man 与 compare 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选 D。14. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for s

26、o long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。此句中的 its .that 是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：Page No.36（1）强调句型的基本结构：“It is/was+被强调的成分 +that/who+其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that 只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为 sb.作宾语时，可用 who,也可用 that,其他情况一律用 that。强调主语时，that 后

27、的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底” 、 “究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+ 该句的其余部分” ，that/who 后只能使用陈述语序。在“not .until”结构中，由 until 所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until .+that+该句的其余部分” ， that 所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。Page No.37（3）强调句型要注意和 it 代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等

28、时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用“还原法” 。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。It was three oclock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。It was at three oclock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。 （强调句）It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。 （定语从句）（4）英语中常用助动词 do, do

29、es 或 did 强调谓语。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didnt find you. 他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。Page No.38It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。When is it that we will have a meeting?我们什么时候开会？高手过招单项填空It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build he

30、r first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创）A. where; when B. that; thatC. that; when D. where; that解析：选 D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了 15 年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为 where 引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填 that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。 Page No.3915. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most peop

31、le do .我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账as 引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做” 。as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性；引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使” （从句需倒装） ；引导方式状语从句，表示“以方式” ；引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，意为“由于，因为” ；引导比较状语从句。As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。Cold as it is

32、, my brother wears only a shirt.尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。Page No.40Why didnt you take the medicine as I told you to?为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？As you were not there, I left a message.因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。高手过招单项填空 as he is, he speaks English well. （2010山西太原一中月考）A. Little child B. A little childC. The little child D. Child littleIn some countries, are called “public schools” are not owned by the