1、基因工程學,產物: 重組蛋白質,蛋白質,DNA(基因),mRNA,如胰島素, 干擾素等(93億美元,北美,1997),Restriction enzyme,Restriction fragment length polymorphism,Nonautonomous retrotransposonsencode no protein,Alu elements contain the sequence AGCT that is recognized by the restriction enzyme AluI. They are present in up to a million copies
2、in the human genome.They can not transpose by themselves. Instead they take advantage of the retrotransposition machinery of other elements, such as LINEs.,Inducer: IPTG,lactose,Cut lactose and x-gal,重組蛋白質在寄主(host)細胞中的表達,E. coli,染色體,質體,基因,優點產量大操作易缺點no post-translationmodificationinclusion bodynot se
3、crete protein,4,000kb,重組蛋白質在寄主細胞中的表達,E. coligram-positive bacteria缺點B. subtilisnot secrete proteinproteaseslimited vector & promoter“signal” has not found yet,Figure 22.23,DNA library,基因工程學,昆蟲細胞,染色體,基因,細胞核,病毒,基因治療基因食物,receptor,常見的動物細胞寄主,insect cell-baculovirusmammal-retroviruschinese hamster ovary (CHO) cellsimmortal cell,基因工程學,單株抗體生產Hybridoma桃莉羊無細胞核受精卵 + 體細胞細胞核,質體不穩定,Growth inhibition,使用chemostat為bioreactor其產量將遠大於batch。可是為什麼工業界使用batch的比率遠高於chemostat？ 1.Secondary products 2.Genetic instability 3.Operability and reliability 4.Market economics,
