2015.8.25英语音标教学课件.ppt

1、学好音标开好头,语音的重要性： 英语学习的最终目的是交际，而交际是通过口语来进行的，语音在此过程中起着至关重要的作用，所以语音是语言的基础。只有学好发音，才能加强对语言的感受，最有效地掌握语法和词汇，提高实际使用的能力。,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, sh

2、ine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,（一）元音,（

3、二）辅音,单元音：“单元音435，前中后分得清；长音：短音无”,前元音 /i:/ / /e / /中元音 / /:/ / /后元音 /:/ / /:/ / /u:/,/i:/,发音要领：1、舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高。2、嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平 。,we he she teacher speak please feel tree meet needpiece,1.Please have a seat. Seeing is believing.2.I like coffee, I like tea, I like you to play with me.,Lets read:,i: 发这个音的字母

4、和字母组合e ea ee e: me be she he we evening ee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green ea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。 1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog 3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the,/,发音要领：1.舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，比/i:/要低。2.嘴型扁平，牙床开得比/i:/宽。3.可从/i:/出发，下颚

5、稍稍下垂，舌前部也随之稍稍下降。,sit picture list mix fix pig big miss minutemany twenty happy,Sit in your seat and listen carefully.,i 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy

6、ey: monkey money ay:Sunday Saturday Friday 根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。 1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship 3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly,/e/,发音要领1、舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，比/i:/要低。2、唇形中长，牙床开得比/i:/宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。,bed egg best next better lesson pencil penany many,Breakfast is ready. Lets get tog

7、ether again soon.Well, lets get everything ready!,Lets read:,e 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen ea: bread head breakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发e的单词。 1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant 3.egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy,/,发音要领：1、舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；2、双唇平伸，成扁平形。张开牙床直至上下齿之间容纳食指

8、和中指的宽度。,map hat fat bad mad back man hand thank,Im a cat, cat, catIn a cap, cap, cap.,The fat cat sat on the black mat.,Tongue twister:,A big black bug bit a big black bear., 发这个音的字母和字母组合a a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat map根据发音规则，找出每组中发的单词。 1.rat bed face s

9、port 2.hear cup fat pear 3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple,中元音： / /:/ /,中元音发音要领：1、舌尖抵住下齿，但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。2、舌面最高点在舌前部和舌后部之间。3、不圆唇。,/,发音要领：1、舌身平放，舌中部略隆起。2、牙床半开半合，唇形扁或中圆。,teacher remember player speaker farmer doctor actordelicious dangerous dollar together tomorrow today Washington polite a

10、go elephant banana Japan China happen,/:/,发音要领：1、舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。2、牙床开得较狭窄，双唇和发/i:/时相似。3、注意长度，不要发得太短。,girl shirt skirt bird turn burn nurse turtle hurt learn earn heardterm her work worm world,: 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or er: her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday t

11、urtle purple curtain ear:early learn or: word work world根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。 1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse 3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term,/,发音要领：1、舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起，舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿，开口程度和/相似。双唇向两旁平伸。2、从元音/ 出发，将圆唇改为扁唇，即可发出此音。,up supper lunch fun cup buscome mother dose

12、 brother love above trouble blood,Enough is enough ! Just shut up.Whats up? Nothing much.Hurry up!,I love China.China and America should always work together.,I have to work early tomorrow.Words are not for hurting other people.,Lets read together.,后元音 /:/:/ / /U:/ /后元音发音要领：舌尖离开下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软腭抬起。除/:/

13、用开扁唇外，其他双唇收圆。发 /:/ /:/ /U:/ 时要注意长度，不要发得太短。,/:/,发音要领：1、舌尖离开下齿；口张大，舌身压低并后缩。 2、双唇呈扁型。,arm art hard fast last class father,Bark bark barkThe dog is barking after the car.,/,发音要领：1、舌尖离开下齿；口张大，舌身压低并后缩。2、双唇稍稍收圆。3、可先发/:/音，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双 唇稍稍收圆（不要突出），即可发出/。,o: hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss dollar a: want w

14、ash watch au: because Bob Bob Bob is an orange dog.,/:/,发音要领：1、舌尖离开下齿；舌后部抬得比/略高。压低并后缩。2、双唇也收得更圆更小，并需用力向前突出。3、注意长度不要发得太短。,al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk or:short more horse for forty sport story door floor caught daughter au: autumn August bought warm,“w+ar” ,ar发 : warm war toward,/:/,/

15、,发音要领：1、舌尖离开下齿；舌后部向软腭抬起，舌身后缩。2、双唇收圆，稍向前突出。,oo: look good foot book wood ou: should could u: put pushO: woman,/u:/,发音要领：1、双唇比/收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比/抬得 更高。2、注意长度，不要发得太短，口腔肌肉要始终保持紧张状态。,o: do shoe who oo: food too moon noon u: true blue,双元音双元音是作为一个音节、用一次呼气发出来的两个元音的连缀。这个连缀是以滑溜音的形式读出来的，即舌从第一个元音的位置向第二个元音方向以最直接的

16、途径滑过去而成为一个音。双元音的两个成分中只有第一个读得比较重、长和清晰，第二个则要读得比较轻、短和含糊。,常发这个元音的字母是“a”，此外，还有字母组合“ai”、“ea”、“eigh”、“aigh”、“ay”、“ey”等 .,发音要领：1.口形由/e/向/滑动。2. 发音过程中下颚向上合拢，舌位也随之稍稍抬高。,name lake game snake place say play lay eight,发音要领：1.先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。2.发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。,常发这个音的字母是“i”和“y”，字母组合则有：“ey”、“ie”、“ui

17、”、“uy”、“igh”、“eigh”等,high buy, ,发音要领：1.这是个双元音，由两个元音构成，第一个是/和 短音/i/.2.发音时由第一个音向第二个音滑动，不到第二个音就结束。,常发这个音的是字母组合：“oi”和“oy”。,boy toy destroy noise oil spoil point,发音要领：1.由两个元音构成，第一个音是“短音”/，第二个音是“短乌音”/u/。2. 发音时，先打开下颔骨，嘴唇略微呈圆形，口形较大，舌端离下齿，舌身放低后缩，舌后部微抬起，然后随着发音过程的变化口形收圆缩小，舌后部继续向后缩并抬起。,常发这个音的有字母“o”、字母组合“oa”、“ou

18、”、“ow”、“ew”以及“ough”等,no go home those hello zerogoat boat bow,i发音要领： 是双唇张开，从/i/音滑向/音。前面的/i/发得较清楚，后面的/或较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。舌抵下齿逐渐过渡为上卷，从“一”音过渡到“厄”。,eer： beer deer ear： ear dear near ere： here ea： idea,发音要领： 由/e/向/滑动，舌身稍向后 缩，口型由半开变为扁平。,ear： pear bear air： chair air fair hair pair are： care hare ere： the

19、re where cheer,au,ou： house out south cloud house proud loud mouse round about mouth ow flower down now cow how town,发音要领：发音时，由/a/滑向/u/，结束时双唇收圆稍向前突。,oor: poor ure: sure sure pure,u,发音要领：发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把/u音发足，然后滑向/音。,u au i,Today is cold. Rose is in the boat.She wants to have a coat. Put on

20、 your coat.You know you have a cold.,Hello Kate,hello May.They are playing by the lake.David ,David .You are so late.Come on ,David.Lets make a birthday cake,Who runs fastest?You or me? No,no,no.Tell me ,tell me ,please.Cheetahs, teetahs.Now you know.Yes,Thank you ,Rose.Who is the ugliest ? You or m

21、e?No, no,no. Tell me, tell me ,please.Crocodiles, crocodilesNow you know.Yes.Thank you,Jone.,1.hate 憎恨,2.mat草席,8.hope希望,7.hop单足跳,6.suck 吸,5.hike远足,9.kit用具包,4.slit撕开,3.mate伙伴,Lets read together.,Lets read together.,a字母组合,al,1,4,2,3,ay,ar,air,ass,ea,ea,ee,ea,er,ear,ea,ear,ere,er,e字母组合,1,4,5,10,9,8,6,2

22、,3,7,igh,i字母组合,ir,1,2,o字母组合,10,9,8,1,4,5,6,2,3,7,11,12,13,oy,ou,ow,ow,oa,or,our,ou,oo,oor,or,ong,oo,ur,u字母组合,There is a little bee.Coming from the apple tree.Flying in the flowers.And cant see me.,The brown cow is out now.,Bark.Bark.Bark.The dog is barking after the car.,Look.This is little John.Goe

23、s to bed with his trousers on.One shoe off and one shoe on.Look.This is little John.,1. The baby and the lady are playing by the lake. 2. The four tall reporter are talking about sports. 3. I like the toy bear.I often brush its hair.I have a pear near the chair. 4.Today is cold.Dont forget to put on

24、 your coat.You can go to school by boat. 5.Kate often makes birthday cakes on holiday. 6.David is saying”Maybe Kate cant skate.” 7.The ugly man has one hundred ducks. 8.The farmer has a large farm and a car. 9.After art class we put down sunglasses and sit on the grass. 10.Miss Mo, Shes tall.She has

25、 a dog, its small.She likes walking and riding a horse.,1. The baby and the lady are playing by the lake. 2. The four tall reporter are talking about sports. 3. I like the toy bear.I often brush its hair.I have a pear near the chair. 4.Today is cold.Dont forget to put on your coat.You can go to school by boat. 5.Kate often makes birthday cakes on holiday. 6.David is saying”Maybe Kate cant skate.”,Tomorrow is my birthday.But I have a stomachache.My parents always say:Dont eat too much cake.Dont forget. Kate!Ok.Ok.Ok.,