1、1英 语 数 字 表 达 方 式 大 全0 nought;zero; 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty 32 thirty-two 40 forty 50 fi
2、fty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred 101 one hundred and one 156 one hundred and fifty-six 192 one hundred and ninty-two 200 two hundred 300 three hundred 400 four hundred 500 five hundred 600 six hundred 700 seven hundred 800 eight hundred 900 nine hundred 1,000 one thousand1
3、,001 one thousand and one1,300 thirteen hundred;one thousand and three hundred2,000 two thousand 2,034 two thousand and thirty-four6,502 six thousand five hundred and two 38,000 thirty-eight thousand45,672 forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-two500,000 five hundred thousand1,000,000 one mill
4、ion3,123,400 three million,one hundred and twenty-three thousand and four hundred8,000,000 eight million 47,000,000 forty-seven million900,000,000 nine hundred million21,000,000,000 a milliard,one milliard(美作:a billion,one billion)1,050,000,000 one billion and fifty million10,000,000,000 ten billion
5、 200,000,000,000 two hundred billion1,000,000,000,000 a billion,one billion(美作:a trillion,one trillion)6,000,000,000,000 six million million 序数词first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 sixth第六 seventh第七 eighth第八 ninth第九 tenth第十 eleventh第十一 twelfth第十二 thirteenth第十三 fourteenth第十四 fifteenth第十五 sixteen
6、th第十六 seventeenth第十七 eighteenth第十八 nineteenth 第十九 twentieth第二十 twenty-first第二十一 twenty-second第二十二 twenty-third 第二十三 thirtieth 第三十thirty-first第三十一 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth 第八十 ninetieth 第九十(one)hundredth第一百 (one)hundred and first 第一百零一hundred and thirty-fourth第一百三十四
7、 two-hundredth 第二百three-hundredth 第三百 four-hundredth 第四百five-hundredth 第五百 six-hundredth 第六百seven-hundredth 第七百 eight-hundredth 第八百nine-hundredth 第九百 (one)thousandth 第一千thousand and first 第一千零一two thousand and thirty-fourth 第二千零三十四ten thousandth 第一万3(one)millionth 第一百万(美作:billionth)billionth 第十亿(美作:
8、trillionth)分数1/2 : one-half;a half1/3 : one-third3/4 : three-fourths1/5 : one-fifth2/5 : two-fifths7/8 : seven-eighths1/10 : one-tenth;a tenth1/100 : one-hundredth;one per cent1/1000 : one-thousandth1/10000 : one ten-thousandth2 1/2:two and one half;two and a half4 2/3:four and two-thirds 100% : one
9、 hundred per cent0.5% : point five per cent0.46% : point four six per cent2.05 : two point nought five;two point O five6.003 : six point nought nought three;six point O O three78.12 : seventy-eight point one two119 : one one nine120 : one two oh688 : six double-eight5337 : five double-three seven651
10、2 : six five one two97868 : nine seven eight six eight893493 : eight nine three four nine three737964 : seven three seven nine six four62374881 : six two three seven four double-eight one 1840 eighteen forty1900 nineteen hundred1992 nineteen ninety-two 数字表达类基本要求一、数字表达类(Numbers)研究生入学考试听力试题中第一部分为填充表格,
11、其中很大一部分是根据所听内容填写诸如数字、时间和地点等具体信息。而数字、时间等信息正是中国考生最不容易听清楚的。下面我们将数字、时间等英语语言信息的日常表达方法介绍给大家:1.英语中纯数字的表达方法4小数和分数:0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen1/2 one half 1/3 one /a third 3/4 three fourths72/ 5seven and two fifths大于 100的数字:101 one hundred (and ) one200 two hundred998 n
12、ine hundred ( and ) ninetyeight在英语中上面括弧中的 and一般不能省略;而在美国英语中却往往省去。请分析下面的对话:A:How many people are present in the party last night?B: Thats nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?B: Ha, ha surely I am joking. You silly goose.大于 1000的数字
13、:1001 a/one thousand (and) one2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirtytwo900,732,266,043nine hundred billion seven hundred thirtytwo million two hundred sixtysix thousand and forty three英语中一千以上数字的表达方法是以三位数为单元,从高到低 billion,million,thousand而依次读出的。因此我们在听时,可以三位数三位数地记录。试比较下面的对话:A:Can you tell me exactl
14、y the numbers of the whole people in our country?B:One billion four hundred thirtytwo million two hundred sixtysix thousand and forty three.A:Thank you very much.2.英语中时间的表达方法英语中时间的表达方法主要有直接法和借用介词法等。(1)直接法。上午八点 eight AM (a.m.)ei em 下午九点 nine PM (p.m.)pi:em六点六分 six six 六点三十二 six thirty two 八点正 eight o
15、clock(2)借用介词法。八点四十五 a quarter to nine 七点零五分 five past seven七点五十四 six to eight 六点半 half past six(3)表示正点的用法。十一点正 at 11 oclock sharp at 11 oclock on the hour at 11 oclock on the strike正午 12点 at noon午夜 12点 at midnight(注:12 点 22分可读作:twelve twenty-two: twenty-two past twelve(英式说法);twenty-two after twelve(
16、美式说法)1 点 15可读作:one fifteen; a quarter past one(英式说法):a quarter after one(美英说法)8 点 50分可读作:eight fifty; ten to nine(英式说法);ten before nine(美式说法)1 点 40分可读作:one forty; twenty to two(英式说法);twenty before two(美式说法)5“提前半小时”可用:half an hour early; thirty minutes early; early by half an hour; half an hour ahead
17、 of time; half an hour ahead of schedule 等来表示。)时间表示法和时段的简单运算是听力考试的热点,请看下面的对话:W: How long does the class usually last?M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty. SoW: That is fortyfive minutes. Thank you very much!Q: When does the class usually start?3.英语中货币的表达方法英
18、国货币:penny(便士)/pence (penny 的复数),pound ()20.50:twenty pounds fifty pence,也可以简单地写作:twenty fifty美国货币:1 美元钞票 a S1.0 bill1 dollar=100 cents(S1.00=one dollar)(S2.00=two dollars)25 美分 1 quarter 10 美分 1 dime5 美元 1 nickel 1 美分 1 pennyS15.95:fifteen dollars ninety-five cents,或 fifteen ninety-five.(注:表示正常价格: r
19、egular price, normal price.表示价格划算:a good buy, a better buy, an excellent price, a good price/ bargain.表示价格较贵:dear, expensive, more expensive, steep.表示价格便宜:cheap, inexpensive, bargain price, less expensive.表示减价出售:sale price, on sale, garage sale, Christmas sale, special price.词组:discount, half, doubl
20、e, cut off, knock off, twice as much as ,cross off, etc.)4.英语中关于数字及其计算的听力考点(1)数字辨别:有关数字辨别的一个关键考点就是类似 30/13,40/14,50/15,60/16 的听音,看大家能否听出其发音区别。听力理解中难以分辨的基数词主要有以下几对:thirteen 与 thirty; fourteen 与 forty; fifteen 与 fifty; sixteen 与 sixty; seventeen与 seventy;eighteen 与 eighty; nineteen 与 ninety,在英文中这几对数词叫
21、做teens and tens(十几与几十)。不管加减还是乘除,这类题中至少会出现两个数字,你的任务就是迅速地判断这两者的关系,然后根据听音再确定正确选项。(2)加减法计算:在需要简单的加减法计算的题型中,对话中至少出现两个数字,它们之间的关系往往用“多少”、“迟早”、“快慢”、“前后”的形容词、副词或介词短语等来表达。还要注意一些能够表示数的存在或引起数的变化的动词,这些动词也能确定数字之间的加减关系,例如:be, have, start, begin, spend, miss, leave, postpone, prolong, increase, add, borrow, lend, l
22、oan, delay, save, go up, go down, rate, at x% off the price等。大家还应该记住下面这些表示加减关系的词:more(多),less(少),late(晚),early(早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前),after(后),add/addition(加上),plus(加上),subtract/ subtraction(减去),minus(减去)6Dialogue 1:M: This black bag is 2.00 and that blue one is a dollar more.W: The red one is
23、 twice as much as the blue one.Q: How much are two red bags?A.S4.00B.S6.00C.S8.00D.S12.00这道题从选择项上来看非常简单,因为数字不大,所以乍一看选择项有可能放松警惕,而实际上,这道貌似简单的题,中间却暗含着陷阱。因为原文中提到 black、blue、red 三个颜色的bag,最后提问的是红色书包的价格,包含了一个加法和乘法运算。如果大家在听的时候没记好,又没有好笔记,就很容易出错。因此,在听力答题中要保持一个清醒的头脑,稳扎稳打是成功的重要保证。Dialogue 2:W: Three hours ago,
24、I saw Bob at a meeting. Is he home yet?M: No. He said he would be back at four and its six already.Question: What time did the woman see Bob?A?200 B?300 C?500 D?600在这个例子中,见到 Bob的具体时间必须依据现在的时间推断出。现在时间是 6点钟,而说话人是在三小时之前见到 Bob的,因而那时的时间约是 3点钟。正确的选项是 B.Dialogue 3:M:Which coat did you finally decide to buy
25、?W: Well, I would like to buy the green one, but it was S85.00, so I bought the pink one instead, and save S35.00.Question: How much did the woman pay for the coat?A60 B?75 C?90 D?50原对话中并未直接给出说话人所购买的衣服的价钱,但可以通过其他信息推算出来。灰色衣服是 85元,而买棕色的可以节省 35元,即棕色的衣服是 50元。应选 D.Dialogue 4:W.How many people showed up f
26、or the meeting yesterday, thirty?M:Twenty-five are expected to come, but the number was double that.Question: Whats the actual number of people who attended the meeting?A20 B35 C35 D50此题中的运算关系由 double一词体现出来,即双倍的。原来预计有 25人到场,实际上是原先的两倍,因而正确的选项是 D.英语数字的正确表达在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往使
27、人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。 实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。 一. 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即 1至 10用单词表示,10 以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以 100为界限),这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。 Eg. That table measures ten feet by five. 那个工作台长 10英尺,宽 5英尺。 Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor
28、 and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. 由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间 45到 50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。 7二. 人数用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。 Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls. 选举名单上有 203817个投票人。 Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voter
29、s took part in this election. 近 3万个投票人参加了这次选举。 三. 遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。 Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20. 工作台的最大回转角度是 120度。 Eg. 3rd March l991 或 3 March l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(买 7码地毯); Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(订购 2磅剁碎的肉)。 如果涉及的数目和单位是
30、不定数,可用单词表示。 Eg. about five miles per hour(每小时大约 5英里) Eg. at least ten yards away(至少有 10码远) Eg. hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻) Eg. I have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了)。 四. 在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。 Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatt
31、s at 4400 revolutions per minute. 这台新发动机的容积为 4.3升,转速为每分钟 4400转时输出功率是 153千瓦。 Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound. 我们知道,1 立方英尺的空气在 0摄氏度和 760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是 0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是 1磅。 五. 句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。 E
32、g. 4th July is an important date in American history. 应该写成 The fourth of July. Eg. 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition. 19 对选手参加了交际舞比赛。 应改写成:Nineteen couples took. Eg. 60profit was a reported. 据报道有 60的利润。 应改写成:Sixty per cent profit Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the cen
33、ter point of the bar. 试验时在杆的中点加 1345公斤力。 可改成 When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied. 六. 遇到分数,可用带连字符号的单词表示。 Eg. At 1east two-thirds of the classhave had colds. 这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。 Eg. Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. 氮约占大气的五分之四。Some content above and below overlap. But it doesn
34、t matter. Please go over them. 数 词:主要分为基数词和序数词两类。一、 数词的分类1. 基数词 表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下:A从 110one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,tenB从 11198eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen这里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seve
35、nteen,nineteen 都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen 构成。C从 2199整数几十中除 twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty 为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty 构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21 twenty-one 76 seventy-sixD百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上 and101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and
36、 forty-eightE千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加 million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and
37、 thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-fourF基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。There are hundreds of people in the hall大厅里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and
38、 Horses every day每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆。They went to the theatre in twos and threes他们三三两两地来到了剧院。G表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。He became a professor in his thirties他三十多岁时成为了教授。She died of lung cancer in forties她四十来岁时死于肺癌。It was in the 1960s那是在二十世纪六十年代。H基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。The two happily opened t
39、he box两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语)I need three altogether我总共需要三个。(作宾语)Four students are playing volleyball outside四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语)We are sixteen我们是 16个人。(作表语)They three tried to finish the task before sunset他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务(作同位语)2. 序数词表示顺序的词称为序数词。序数词的主要形式:A从第一至第十九其中,one first, two second, three third, five fif
40、th,eighteighth,nineninth,twelve twelfth为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如: six sixth、nineteen nineteenthB从第二十至第九十九整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母 y为 i,再加“eth”构成。9twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth表示第几十几时,用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九C第一百以上
41、的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十D序数词的缩写形式有时,序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。firstlst second2nd third3rd fourth4th sixth6th twentieth20thtwenty-third23rd 其中 lst,2nd,3rd 为特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。E序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second i
42、s what I really need第二个是我真正需要的。(作主语)He choose the second他挑选了第二个。(作宾语)We are to carry out the first plan我们将执行第一个计划。(作定语)She is the second in our class在我们班她是第二名。(作表语)注:序数词在使用时,通常前面要加定冠词 the;但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词 a或 an时,则表示“再”,“又”。Well go over it a second time我们得再念第二遍。Weve tried it three timesMust we try it a
43、 fourth time?我们已经试过三遍了,还必须试一次(第四次)吗?另外,基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可,不需要添加定冠词。the first lessonLesson One the fifth pagePage 5(five)the twenty-first roomRoom 21(twenty-one)二、时刻表示法1. 表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的 oclock5:00 读作 five oclock 或 five2. 表示几点过几分,在分钟后加 past,再加小时five past seven 七点过五分 half past six 六点半a qua
44、rter past eight 八点过一刻seven past eight 八点过七分 3. 表示几点差几分,在分钟后面加 to,再加小时ten to eight 差十分八点(七点五十分) a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点(十一点四十五分)twenty to six 差二十分六点(五点四十分)在日常生活中,常用下列简单方法表示时间。以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。6:31 读作 six thirty-one 10:26 读作 ten twenty-six14:03 读作 fourteen o three 16:15 读作 sixteen fifteen18:30 读作 ei
45、ghteen thirty 23:55 读作 twenty-three fifty-five注:时刻表上的时间大多采用 24小时表示法,这样就不需要用 a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了。三、年月表示法101. 世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪 century表示,也可以用定冠词加百位进数加s 表示the sixth(6th)century 公元六世纪the eighteenth(18th)century 公元十八世纪the 1900s 二十世纪 the 1600s 十七世纪这里,用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。2. 年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式
46、构成in the 1930s(in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties)在二十世纪三十年代in the 1860s(in the sixties of the 19th century 或 in the eighteen sixties)在十九世纪六十年代In the 1870s when Marx was already in his fifties,he found it important to study the situation in Russia,so he began to learn
47、Russian在十九世纪七十年代当马克思已经五十多岁时,他发现研究俄国的形势很重要,便开始学习俄语。3. 表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加 early,mid-,latein the early 1920s 在二十世纪二十年代早期 in the mid-1950s 在二十世纪五十年代中期4. 年月日表示法A年份用基数词表示,一般写为阿拉伯数字,读时可以以 hundred为单位,也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。1949 读作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine1800 读作 eighteen hun
48、dred 253 读作 two hundred and fifty-three或 two fifty-three1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two 或 nineteen o two表示在哪一年,一般在年数前加介词 in,使用 year时,year 放在数词之前。in the year two fifty-three B.C. 在公元前 253年但是,通常采用 in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。B. 月份,在哪个月用介词 in加第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如: in May在五月; in July在七月。为了简便起见,月份与日期连用时,月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除May,June,July 外,其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示,但 Septemb
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