中央文献重要术语英文翻译.doc

1、中央文献重要术语译文发布区域协同发展 coordinated development between regions城乡发展一体化 urban-rural integration物质文明和精神文明协调发展 ensure that cultural-ethical and material development progress together军民融合发展战略 military-civilian integration strategy经济建设和国防建设融合发展 integrated development of the economy and national defense京津冀协同发展

2、 coordinated development of the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei region综合立体交通走廊 multimodal transport corridor居住证制度 residence card system财政转移支付同农业转移人口市民化挂钩机制mechanism linking the transfer payments a local government receives to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency in its jurisdicti

3、on城镇建设用地增加规模同吸纳农业转移人口落户数量挂钩机制mechanism linking increases in the amount of land designated for urban development in a locality to the number of former rural residents granted urban residency there中国特色新型智库 new type of Chinese think tanks马克思主义理论研究和建设工程 Marxist Theory Research and Development Project哲学社

4、会科学创新工程 initiative to promote innovation in philosophy and the social sciences网络内容建设工程 initiative to enrich online content农村人居环境整治行动 rural living environment improvement initiative历史文化名村名镇 towns and villages with rich historical and cultural heritage美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful and pleasan

5、t to live in中文 英文引领型发展 leading-edge development创新驱动发展战略 innovation-driven development strategy优进优出战略 strategy for optimizing imports and exports网络强国战略 national cyber development strategy国家大数据战略 national big data strategy藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略 food crop production strategy based on farmland management and techn

6、ological application智能制造工程 smart manufacturing initiative大科学工程 Big Science project能源安全储备制度 energy security reserve system金融宏观审慎管理制度 macroprudential regulation of the financial sector普惠性创新支持政策体系 inclusive policies for the support of innovation企业研发费用加计扣除政策 policy of additional tax deductions for enter

7、prise research and development协同创新 collaborative innovation众创、众包、众扶、众筹 crowd innovation, crowdsourcing, crowd support, and crowdfunding宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路The idea is to ensure macro-level policy maintains economic stability, industrial policy is targeted, micro-level policy inje

8、cts dynamism into the economy, reform policy delivers results, and social policy sees basic living needs are met.稳中求进工作总基调 seeking progress while working to keep performance stable供给侧结构性改革 supply-side structural reform区间调控、定向调控、相机调控 range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板

9、address overcapacity, reduce inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and bolster areas of weakness发展新动能 new driver of growth与地方事权和支出责任划分 define the respective powers and spending responsibilities of the central and local governments国际产能合作 international cooperation on production capacity准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度t

10、he pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list system质量强国 a country strong on quality知识产权强国 IPR powerhouse工匠精神 spirit of craftsmanship政府法律顾问制度 system of government legal advisors中国特色大国外交理念 the philosophy underpinning Chinas diplomacy as a major country为政之道，民生为本 That government is best wh

11、ich gives prime place to the wellbeing of the people.简除烦苛，禁察非法 cut red tape and root out illegalities上下同欲者胜 Success comes to those who share in one purpose.国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划（“十三五” 规划） the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the Peoples Republic of China (the 13th Five-Year Pla

12、n )全面建成 小康社会决胜阶段 the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects坚持人民主体地位 uphold the principal position of the people引领经济发展新常态 guide the new normal in Chinas economic development中高速增长 medium-high rate of economic growth创新发展 innovative development创新是引领发展的第一动力 I

13、nnovation is the primary engine of development.协调发展 coordinated development协调是持续健康发展的内在要求Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.绿色发展 green development; eco-friendly development绿色是永续发展的必要条件和人民对美好生活追求的重要体现Green, which represents an eco-friendly outlook, is a necessary

14、condition for ensuring lasting development as well as an important way in which people pursue a better life.开放发展 open development开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路Opening up is the path China must take to achieve prosperity and development.共享发展 shared development共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求 Sharing is the essence of socialism with

15、 Chinese characteristics人与自然和谐发展 humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature生命共同体 a community of life生态文明 ecological progress; ecological conservation; eco-civilization生态文化 eco-culture国家生态安全 national ecological security全球生态安全 global ecological security生态文

16、明制度体系【例】到 2020 年，构建起由自然资源资产产权制度、国土空间开发保护制度等八项制度构成的生态文明制度体系。institutional framework for promoting ecological progressBy 2020, an institutional framework composed of eight systems will have been established for promoting ecological progress, including a property rights system for natural resource asse

17、ts and a system for developing and protecting territorial space.生态文明体制改革【例】紧紧围绕建设美丽中国,深化生态文明体制改革，加快建立生态文明制度，推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局。reform for promoting ecological progressTo build a beautiful China, we will deepen reform to promote ecological progress and move faster to establish related systems so as

18、 to create a new model of modernization that ensures humanity develops in harmony with nature.绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展 green, circular, and low-carbon development节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主give high priority to conserving resources, protecting the environment, and letting nature restore itself生态保护红线 ecological conservat

19、ion redline国家公园体制 national park system资源有偿使用和生态补偿制度system for payment-based resource use and compensation for ecological conservation跨区域、跨流域生态补偿机制mechanism for trans-regional and cross-watershed compensation for ecological conservation生态文明绩效评价考核和责任追究ecological conservation performance assessment and

20、 accountability生态环境损害责任终身追究制system of lifelong accountability for ecological and environmental damage污染物排放许可制 permit system for pollutants emissions绿水青山就是金山银山 Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.苟日新，日日新，又日新 If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on i

21、mprovement.千里之行，始于足下 A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step.政贵有恒 Consistency is valuable in governance.功崇惟志，业广惟勤 Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort.鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已 I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath.兄弟齐心，其利断金 When brothers come

22、together, there is nothing they cannot achieve.君子一言，驷马难追 A word spoken is a word that must be honored.和而不同 harmony in diversity【例】中国自古就主张和而不同。我们希望，国与国之间、不同文明之间能够平等交流、相互借鉴、共同进步，各国人民都能够共享世界经济科技发展的成果，各国人民的意愿能够得到尊重，各国能够齐心协力推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。China has, since ancient times, been an exponent of harmony in

23、 diversity. We hope that different countries and different civilizations will engage in exchange on an equal basis, learn from each other, and achieve common progress. We hope that the people of all countries will share in the fruits of global economic, scientific, and technological advances and tha

24、t their aspirations are respected. We also hope that all countries will work together in building a harmonious world where peace is lasting and prosperity is shared by all.得其大者可以兼其小【例】 “得其大者可以兼其小。”只有把人生理想融入国家和民族的事业中，才能最终成就一番事业。The finer details fall into place when they align with the bigger picture

25、.The finer details fall into place when they align with the bigger picture. You will accomplish something significant in life if you integrate your ambitions into the cause of your country and its people.行百里者半九十【例】行百里者半九十。距离实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标越近，我们越不能懈怠，越要加倍努力，越要动员广大青年为之奋斗。On reaching the last leg of a jo

26、urney, you are only half way there.On reaching the last leg of a journey, you are only half way there. The closer we are to our goal of rejuvenating the Chinese nation, the less we can afford to slack off, the more we need to intensify our efforts, and the more we need to encourage young people to w

27、ork toward this goal.位卑未敢忘忧国 Whatever my status, I will never lay aside my concern for the nation.富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈never be corrupted by wealth or status, depart from principle due to poverty or humble position, or bow down to power or force先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐I wish to be the first to worry about the na

28、tions woes and the last to share in its prosperity.苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之Were it to benefit my country I would lay down my life;What then is risk to me?人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青Everyone will one day die;When my day comes, may my loyalty be inscribed in the pages of history.长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海Someday, with my sail pierci

29、ng the clouds;I will mount the wind, break the waves, and traverse the vast, rolling sea.中国梦【例】实现中华民族伟大复兴，是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦” ，基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民Chinese DreamThe rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has been the greatest dream of the Chinese people since the beginning of modern times; we call

30、this the Chinese Dream. The idea in essence is to make the country prosperous and strong, rejuvenate the nation, and see that the people are happy.幸福。中国道路【例】实现中国梦必须走中国道路。这就是中国特色社会主义道路。Chinese pathTo realize the Chinese Dream, we must follow a Chinese path the path of socialism with Chinese character

31、istics.中国精神【例】实现中国梦必须弘扬中国精神。这就是以爱国主义为核心的民族精神，以改革创新为核心的时代精神。Chinese spiritTo realize the Chinese Dream, we must foster the Chinese spirit a fusion of the spirit of the Chinese people, central to which is patriotism, and the spirit of our era, central to which are reform and innovation.中国力量【例】实现中国梦必须凝

32、聚中国力量。这就是中国各族人民大团结的力量。Chinese strengthTo realize the Chinese Dream, we must bring together Chinese strength the strength produced by all Chinese people coming together in unity.中国方案【例】我们将更多提出中国方案、贡献中国智慧，为国际社会提供更多公共产品。Chinese approachWe will propose more Chinese approaches, share more Chinese knowled

33、ge, and offer more public goods to the international community.和平发展道路【例】中国走和平发展道路，其他国家也都要走和平发展道路，只有各国都走和平发展道路，各国才能共同发展，国与国才能和平相处。path of peaceful developmentChina is taking the path of peaceful development, as should other countries. Only if everyone takes this path can all countries develop togethe

34、r and live in peace.互利共赢的开放战略【例】中国将始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，通过深化合作促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。mutually beneficial opening up strategyChina will remain firmly committed to a mutually beneficial opening up strategy, and through deeper cooperation, promote the robust, sustainable, and balanced growth of the world economy

35、.世界人民的梦想【例】中国梦既是中国人民追求幸福的梦，也同世界人民的梦想息息相通。dreams of all peoplesThe Chinese Dream is the Chinese peoples dream of happiness and is closely connected with the dreams of all peoples.命运共同体【例】我们的事业是同世界各国合作共赢的事业。国际社会日益成为一个你中有我、我中有你的命运共同体。community with a common futureOur cause is the cause of win-win coope

36、ration with all countries. The world is increasingly becoming a community with a common future in which all countries are interdependent.九一八事变 September 18th Incident七七事变（卢沟桥事变） July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)淞沪会战 Battle of Shanghai平型关大捷 Battle of Pingxingguan; victory at Pingxingguan台儿庄大捷

37、 Battle of Taierzhuang; victory at Taierzhuang武汉会战 Battle of Wuhan百团大战 Hundred-Regiment Campaign八路军 Eighth Route Army新四军 New Fourth Army东北抗日联军 Northeast United Resistance Army华南人民抗日游击队 Southern China Peoples Counter-Japanese Guerrilla Force中国远征军 Chinese Expeditionary Force持久战 protracted war游击战 guerr

38、illa warfare运动战 mobile warfare地道战 tunnel warfare地雷战 landmine warfare抗日根据地 resistance base解放区 liberated area游击区 guerrilla area敌占区（沦陷区） enemy-occupied area; occupied area“大东亚共荣圈” “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”“三光 ”政策 “Three Alls” policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)“731 部队” （满洲第 731 部队） “Un

39、it 731” (Unit 731 of Manchuria)南京大屠杀 Nanjing Massacre“慰安妇” “comfort women”细菌战 germ warfare化学战 chemical warfare“扫荡 ” “mopping-up” operation“蚕食 ” “gnawing-away” operation“清乡 ” “pacification” operation中国人民抗日战争（简称：抗日战争、抗战）the Chinese Peoples War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (the War of Resi

40、stance)抗日民族统一战线 Chinese united front against Japanese aggression全面全民族抗战 total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation片面抗战 partial resistance against Japanese aggression全国抗战 nationwide war of resistance against Japanese aggression局部抗战 regional war of resistance against Japanese agg

41、ression正面战场 center stage battlefield敌后战场 backstage battlefield战略防御/相持/反攻 strategic defense/stalemate/counter-offensive世界反法西斯战争 the Global War against Fascism国际反法西斯统一战线 the international anti-fascist united front战争策源地 hotbed of war中国战场 China theater欧洲战场 European theater太平洋战场 Pacific theater东方主战场【例】中国

42、开辟了世界反法西斯战争的东方主战场。the main Eastern battlefieldThe main Eastern battlefield for the Global War against Fascism was developed in China.无条件投降 unconditional surrender中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日Victory Memorial Day for the Chinese Peoples War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (VM Day)创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府 an innovat

43、ive, clean, and service-oriented government政府机构改革 government institutional reform转变政府职能 transform government functions简政放权、放管结合 streamline government functions and administration and delegate powers while improving regulation用政府权力的“减法” ，换取市场活力的“乘法” cut government powers to boost market vitality法定职责必

44、须为、法无授权不可为Government must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law.政府责任清单 list of government responsibilities市场准入负面清单 market access negative list行政审批 government review and approval简化对外投资审批程序 simplify procedures for reviewing outbound investment实施大部门制

45、 merge and streamline government departments商事制度改革 reform of the business system三证合一 integrate the business license, the organization code certificate, and the certificate of taxation registration into one document基本公共服务均等化 ensure equitable access to basic public services社会主义法治国家 socialist rule of l

46、aw country;socialist country built on the rule of law建设法治中国 build a rule of law China依法治国 law-based governance of the country依法执政 law-based exercise of state power依法行政 law-based administration of government依宪治国 governance of the country on the basis of its constitution宪法日 Constitution Day法律是治国之重器，良法

47、是善治之前提The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance.法治体系 rule of law system于法有据【例】重大改革于法有据have a legal basisAll of our major reforms should have a legal basis.法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in th

48、e country, in its government, and in society有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, justice

49、is administered impartially, and the law is observed by all职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined powers and responsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operates in an open, clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility执法责任制 accountability system for law enforcement人民陪审员制度 system of peoples assessors重大决策终身责任追究制度 system of lifelong accountability for major decisions重大决策责任倒查机制 mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions政府权力清单