1、椎间盘炎 MRI诊断 青岛大学医学院附属医院放射科徐文坚 Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 概念n 概念:椎间盘、终板和邻近椎体感染n 椎间型感染性脊椎炎n 椎间隙感染n 化脓性椎间盘炎n 脊椎 -椎间盘炎n n IM 1989:椎间盘炎( Discitis) Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病因与病理n 结构n 纤维环n 髓核n 软骨终板n 营养n 婴幼儿n 血
2、供丰富n 来源:椎体骨化中心,前、后纵韧带血管n 13岁n 无血供(纤维环周围结缔组织血管和淋巴管)n 营养来源:软骨终板和纤维环弥散Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病因与病理椎间盘解剖椎间盘炎 病因与病理n 发病率:约占骨髓炎 2%n 易感因素n 机遇性感染n 免疫缺陷n 糖尿病n 全身性感染n 透析n 器官移植n 嗜可卡因 Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病
3、因与病理n 致病菌n 革兰氏阳性菌:葡萄球菌( 48.4) 、链球菌、淋病双球菌、肠球菌等n 革兰氏阴性菌:假单胞菌、布氏杆菌、沙门氏菌、艾希氏大肠杆菌、嗜血菌、克雷白杆菌、肺炎双球菌、霉菌、 K Kingae菌等n 混合感染 Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病因与病理n 感染途径n 血行性n 医源性操作 (如手术、介入等 )n 椎体骨髓炎n 腹腔感染n 泌尿系统感染n 腹膜后感染 Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital
4、 of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病理n 纤维环、髓核n 早期:水肿、渗出n 进展期:液化坏死、椎间盘脓肿n 后期:椎间盘退变、瘢痕形成、 “真空征 ” n 终板n 不规则侵蚀、破坏 Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病理n 邻近椎体n 骨髓内充血、渗出:骨质破坏n 骨髓血管血栓形成:梗死n 皮质中断n 上或下 1/3 1/2或全椎体破坏n 椎体塌陷n 椎体积气n 愈合期:骨髓内脂肪沉积及骨硬化( 10 12周) Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University椎间盘炎 病理n 硬脊膜外和 /或椎旁软组织n 脓肿n 蜂窝组织炎n 马尾和脊髓n 压迫n 功能损害:炎症介质毒性、血管血栓n 脊髓水肿(组织结构无破坏) Department of Radiology, Medical School Hospital of Qingdao University