1、The muscles of backSuperficial groupn Trapezius 斜方肌n Latissimus dorsi 背阔肌n Levator scapulae 肩胛提肌n Rhomboideus菱形肌 Deep group n Erector spinae 竖脊肌n Splenius 夹肌n Thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜The muscles of thoraxExtrinsic musclesn Pectoralis major 胸大肌 n Pectoralis minor 胸小肌 n Serratus anterior 前锯肌Intrinsic
2、 musclesn Intercostales externi 肋间外肌n Intercostales interni 肋间内肌n Intercostales intimi 肋间最内肌Major muscles of the trunkTrapezius n Origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebraen Insertion: lateral
3、third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapularteryn Acton: upper fibers elevate scapula, lower fibers depress scapula; if scapula is fixed, one side acting along, draws head toward the same side, and turn face to opposite side; both sides together, draw head directly backwardLatissimus dorsin Or
4、igin: spinous processes of lower six thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, median sacral crest, and posterior part of iliac crest.n Insertion: floor of intertubercular groove of humerus.n Action: trunk fixed, extends, adducts and medially rotates arm ; arm fixed, elevates trunk.Erector spinaen Position
5、: fills the vertebral groove on each side of the spinen Action: extends vertebral column (draw head backwar)Pectoralis majorn Origin: medial half of clavicle,sternum,1th-6th costal cartilages.n Insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus.n Action: flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially; arm fi
6、xed, elevates trunk; elevates ribs 1-6,aidding in forced inspiration.The Muscles of Upper LimbMuscles of shouldern Deltoidn supraspinatusn Infraspinatusn Teres minorn Teres majorn subscapularisMuscles of armn Antererior groupq Biceps brachii 肱二头肌q Coracobrachialis喙肱肌q Brachialis 肱肌n Posterior group
7、triceps brachii肱三头肌Muscles of forearmn Superficial layerq Brachioradialis 肱桡肌q Pronator teres 旋前圆肌q Flexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌q Palmaris longus 掌长肌q Flexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌n Third layerq Flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌q Flexor pollicis longus 拇长屈肌n Fourth layer pronator quadratus 旋前方肌Action: flex radiocarpal joint and fingers, pronate forearm
