五种基本句型 主谓宾宾(宾补)结构 实用练习加详细解析.doc

1、五种基本句型主谓宾宾（宾补）结构主语谓语宾语（somebody）宾语(something) 主语谓语宾语 宾语补足语 这个句型的语后面有两个宾语，这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语（直接宾语+直接宾语）例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. 这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语：前一个宾语称为“间接宾语“ ，多由代词或名词 充当，通常为“人” ；后一个宾语称为“直接宾语 “，往往由名词充当，通常为 “物” 。这类句型常有“给某人某物 “、“送某人某物“、“ 留给某人某物“等意思。常见的这类谓语动词有： give(给某人), bring(带给某

2、人 ), bring somebody something tell(告诉某人), tell somebody something send(送给某人 ), send somebody something leave(留给某人), leave somebody something pass(递给某人), pass somebody something read(给某人读 ), read somebody something write(给某人写), write somebody something take(给某人拿), take somebody something show(给某人看),

3、show somebody something teach(教给某人), teach somebody something get(给某人弄到), get somebody something lend(借给某人), lend somebody something buy(给某人买), buy somebody something pay(支付给某人), pay somebody something hand(递给某人) 。hand somebody something 注：上面各词的中文释义是刻意按照该词的常用动词句型而给的，以便于大家更好地理解该词出现于哪个基本句型中。例如： She br

4、ought me a shirt .她给我带来一件衬衣。 Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他。 I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了。 五种基本句型之 主语谓语宾语 宾语补足语 语法书上又叫做主语谓语复合宾语，这里的复合宾语=宾语宾语补足语， 宾语补足语：例子：ask somebody to do something （邀请某人做某事）tell somebody to do something （告诉某人做某事） want somebody to do something （要求某人做某事） 1、 I asked him t

5、o have dinner. 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 2、 He told me to clean the room. 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 3、 Tom wanted me to meet him . 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 第一个句子，我邀请他吃饭，他（him）是作邀请（asked）的宾语，如果后面没有 to have dinner ，句子意思就不完整，我邀请他，干什么呢？没说清楚，于是就有 to have dinner 来帮助说清楚，是吃饭的，在这里的 to have dinner 就是宾语补足语，这是动词不定式短语作宾补。to do 是动词不定式，但是如果动词不定式中的动词带有宾语或

6、者动词不定式中的动词有副词来修饰，这时的动词不定式就成为不定式短语了。比如 to do something 就是动词不定式短语 ，换句话说：这里 to have(动词不定式) to have dinner（动词不定式短语） 。又比如：to run 是 动词不定式 to run fast 是动词不定式短语） 。 上面的三个句子都是不定式短语作宾语不足语来帮助宾语来补充说明。常见宾补的类型： doing 不带 to 的动词不定式介词短语 形容词等等。请看下面的例句，注意观察划线的部分是有什么作的宾语补足语。： 1、I saw a thief stealing something. 我看到一个贼正在

7、偷东西 2、He made me go home 他让我回家3、Her mother kept her in the room . 她的妈妈让她待在房间里此句型的关键是记住那些动词后面是跟什么样的宾补。比如：我们可以说 ask somebody to do something (to do something 作宾补)我们就不能说 ask somebody doing something 下面记住动词后面跟什么样的宾补口诀： 1.动词后面是跟带 to 的动词不定式（动词不定式可以分为带 to 的动词不定式和不带 to 的不定式两种，不带 to 的不定式实际上就是动词原形）作宾补的order s

8、omebody to do something want somebody to do something tell somebody to do something invite somebody to do something ask somebody to do something beg somebody to do something (注意上面的有六个单词可以跟动词不定式作宾补，我们可以按照语气的强弱来记忆这几个单词：命令要求告诉邀请请求乞求) 此外，还有 advise somebody to do something allow somebody to do something

9、warn somebody to do something teach somebody to do something 2. 动词后面可以跟不带 to 的动词不定式作宾补的口决：一感二听三让五看半帮助 这里:一感（feel）二听（ hearlisten to ）三让（let makehave）五看（seewatchnoticeobservelook at ）半帮助（help）. 即： feel hear listen to let make leave somebody do sth see watch notice observe look at help 4. 动词后面是跟 doing

10、作宾补的，可以借助上面的句子来记忆，上面的单词中除了三让（haveletmake）半帮助（help）不能跟 dong 作宾补之外，其它都是可以的。 （即：一感二听五看，实际上它们都属于感官动词） 练习四 一 判断下列句子是主谓+双宾语结构还是主谓+ 复合宾语，如果是主谓 +复合宾语，请指出复合宾语是由什么充当的。 1. I watch the boy playing foot ball. 2. My good friend told me a story 3. Tom lent me a pencil. 4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight . 5. I looked

11、at her flying a kite . 6. Please hand me the paper . 7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs. 8. He wanted you to go with him. 9. Lu Yang told the little boy to go home. 10. She asks me to help her . 11. My parents leave me some money . 12. Lucy leads me a pencil . 13. Mother got me some t

12、ea . 14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room. 15. He showed me her photos . 16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star. 17. Mom let me in. 18. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 19. The teacher observes the boy sleep. 20. The teacher made her monitor. 21. I saw the baby cry. 22. I paid him three yuan

13、. 23. He passed me an eraser. 24. Lucy heard her neighbor singing 25. Tom teaches us English. 26. They asked the teacher to explain it again . 27. Let me read you his letter . 28. Would you sing us an English song ? 29. I will lend you something. 30. Did you notice me leave the house 练习四答案 1. I watc

14、h the boy playing foot ball. 我看到那个男孩在踢足球。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。 playing foot ball 做宾补 2. My good friend told me a story 我的好朋友给我讲了一个故事。主谓+双宾 3. Tom lent me a pencil. 汤姆借给我一个铅笔。主谓+双宾 4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight. 李利注意到两个狗在打架。主谓+宾语+ 宾补，fight 做宾补 5. I looked at her flying a kite. 我看到她在放风筝。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。flying a kite

15、做宾补 6. Please hand me the paper . 请递给我一张纸。主谓+双宾 7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs. 那头狮子命令那只母鸡给他一些鸡蛋。主谓+宾语+宾补。 to give him some eggs 做宾补 8. He wanted you to go with him. 他要你一起跟他去。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。to go with him 做宾补 9. Li Yang told the little boy to go home. 李扬叫那个小男孩回家。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。to go home 做宾

16、补 10. She asks me to help her . 她请我去帮助她。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。to help her 做宾补 11. My parents leave me some money . 我的父母亲留给我一些钱。主谓+双宾 12. Tom leads me a pencil . 汤姆借给我一只铅笔。主谓+双宾 13. Mother got me some tea . 妈妈给我取了一些茶。主谓+双宾 14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room. 李蕾发现有 100 元在房间里/李蕾在房间里发现了 100 元。主谓+ 宾语+宾补。in the roo

17、m 做宾补 15. He showed me her photos . 他让我看了看她的照片。主谓+双宾 16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star. 那些粉丝们让林俊杰成为一个明星。主谓+双宾 17. Mom let me in. 妈妈让我进去。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。in 做宾补 18. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 那个有钱人给他的儿子买了一个 MP4。主谓+双宾 19. The teacher observes the boy sleep. 那个老师观察到那个男孩睡觉了。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。sleep 做宾

18、补 20. The teacher made her monitor. 老师让她做班长。主谓+双宾 21. I saw the baby cry. 我看到那个男孩哭了。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。cry 做宾补 22. I paid him three yuan . 我付给他三元。主谓+双宾 23. He passed me an eraser. 他递给我一个橡皮。主谓+双宾 24. She heard her neighbor singing 她听到她的邻居在唱歌。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。singing 做宾补 25. Tom teaches us English. 汤姆教我们英语。主谓+双宾 26. They asked the teacher to explain it again . 他们请老师在解释一遍。主谓+宾语+ 宾补。to explain it again 做宾补 27. Let me read you his letter . 让我给你读读他的信。主谓+双宾 28. Would you sing us an English song ? 你可以给我们唱支英文歌吗？主谓+双宾 29. I will lend you a book 。 我将借给你一本书。主谓+双宾 30 Did you notice me leave the house? 你注意到我离开房子吗？主谓+双宾