权利英美法讨论.ppt

1、Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Humanity and Social ScienceShort Analysis of Rights:in the context of Anglo-American Legal TraditionReporter: Liu, Xian GangChina University of Political Science and Law访懈挎腕郎木膳涕项紫激稻纺笔寡柑冀较肮货风嚏叉候帚冈恭腐瓜猖碳甚权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 According to some commen

2、tators, ancient Roman Law and medieval legal systems had no concept that compared to the modern notion of “rights”. The closest analogue, “ius” referred instead to “the right thing to do ” or “ what is due according to law”. 袱拙钡我农街侥核窗靡监垢巢剐附肤挫拧枉墟蔗爱剔序官矣蝎且墟厚止级权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 Even those commen

3、tators who think that ancient and medieval law did have a concept of “rights” comparable to our own agree that it played a far lesser role in legal thought then, compared to modern legal thought. 铀掠压坛芥芹施湃灸毁垒除福贰庶吾娟购芳丙余阀披义割觅奏懈客检层拍权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 Rights and rights-talk are pervasive within mo

4、dern discussions of law and government, a pervasiveness which sometimes leads to certain forms of confusion. 遵呼压恭骄嚏隆路锻橡冒剔座愉侄员殿驰厅愈侨恨爪夏皑韶葬屿纲责狙椽权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 The discussions of rights often exemplify a basic problem in conceptual analysis: the way abstract arguments can become entangled in

5、particular policy views. 烙熔责懦丘功豫树费挑蔷禾栈廓播屁集固卤掳潘哀溜辕铸神械莫寒僳朗从权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 Rights come in at least tow types: legal right and moral rights, depending on whether the claim in question is grounded on the authoritative sources (e.g. statutes, judicial decisions, or constitutional provisions) of

6、 a particular legal system, or on a moral theory. 喊午谐拢灿疆汲蔼抗胆冷哗莎肪蔑酮教匣朝捐内泄幽惜促汞护嫡舆崔隘频权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) famously argued that talk of moral rights (or “natural rights” or “human rights”) was “simple nonsense nonsense upon stilts.” 杰里米 边沁（ Jeremy Bentham, 1748-1832）戏叙挎胺耘

7、脐裕腹粳敷亲谢椒咳扁温沧螺迄誓恰辊寐神吗霍粥鹊酪寞劫反权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 The idea is that while legal rights have a clear correlate in the world, in legal texts and the willingness of legal officials to enforce them through various enforcement procedures, no such clear correlate exists for moral rights. However, this s

8、keptical view of moral rights is not shared by many. 纱汤普倘另回谨悬仍植莉颗指工裂饼肖汉山货凋涟郡有逃齐伞虚锌揪竭左权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚 One regular source of confusion in discussions about rights is the way that two different types of questions often under the same label. 谓辖视郊骇庇炼傍惧剪址眷刮陆拯莆友卡褐巡饭胖止阶际遮惊忠贮脖长净权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章

9、 惩罚惩罚 First, conceptual questions about the nature of rights: like other conceptual questions, discussions about the (conceptual) nature of rights generally attempt either to offer a definition/delimitation for the purpose of clarity or to discover some element distinctive to the social phenomenon expressed in the way we use the term. 恼述养孰蝇算岁邀刁淄柄搓岂椿倪窗雍财仁推委谭栏寻氮贝豺拐馏君信欢权利英美法讨论权利英美法讨论第九章第九章 惩罚惩罚