2015秋牛津上海版英语九上Uint 8《Surprise endings》word词汇精讲.doc

1、Unit 8 Surprise endings词汇精讲1. affordafford 作动词，意为“买的起，支付的起”; 常与 can, could, be, be able to 连用，表示“为某目的有足够的钱、时间、地方等负担，承担”。常接名词、代词或者动词不定式，多用于否定句中。例如：I cant afford to pay such a high price.这么高的价格我们付不起。She cant afford the new dress. 她买不起新衣服。2. present（1）present 作形容词，意为“出席的,在场的”。例如：How many people were pr

2、esent at the meeting? 到会的有多少人? （2）present 作形容词，还意为“现在的,当前的”。 例如：Im not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情况一点都不满意。 （3）present 作名词，意为“现在,目前”。例如：There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来。 （4）present 作名词，意为“礼物,赠品”。例如：He often gave his neighbors kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。 （

3、5）present 作及物动词， 意为“赠送,呈献”后接 to/with。例如：They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他们献给他一束鲜花。 3. be proud ofproud 是形容词，常用结构：be proud of sth. 意为“以而骄傲”。例如：I am very proud of being a Chinese. 作为一名中国人我很自豪 be proud to do sth 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。例如：We are proud to be a league member. 我们为成为团员而骄傲。【拓展】pride 是名词，意为“

4、骄傲，自豪”。 常用的结构： take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。例如： They take great pride in their daughter他们为他们的女儿而感到自豪。He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。4. belowbelow 是介词，意为“在下面”。例如：The climbers stopped 300 meters below the top of the mountain. 登山队员们在离山顶 300 米处停了下来。【拓展】below 和 under 的辨析：这两个词均有“在下”之意，其区别如下：(1) be

5、low 表示地理、空间位置，无“垂直”之意，可指“低于”，但不接触另一物体，反义词为 above。例如：The temperature will stay below zero in the day time. 白天的气温将保持在零度以下。(2) under 指一物体在另一物体的垂直下方，表示“在正下方”，反义词为over。例如：He was reading under the light . 他在灯下看书。5. searchsearch 是及物动词，意为“搜查，搜索，搜寻”。“search for”意为“搜寻/搜查”。例如：They are searching for him. 他们正在搜查

6、他。We can search for information on the Internet. 我们可以在网上搜寻信息。 6. homelesshomeless 是形容词，意为“无家可归的”。例如：Many homeless children were saved by the government.许多无家可归的孩子得到了政府的救助。He promises to do his best to help that homeless boy.他答应会尽他最大的努力去帮助那个无家可归的孩子。【拓展】less 是表示否定意义的形容词后缀，这样的单词还有：hopeless“无望的”；careless

7、“粗心的”；sleepless“不眠的”；useless“无用的”；harmless“无害的”；selfless “无私的”。 7. move(1) move 可作及物动词，意为“移动、搬动、使改变位置（或姿势）”。例如：He moved the sofa to the left. 他把沙发移到左边。(2) move 作及物动词，还可意为“感动、鼓动、激动”。例如：The speech moved them to tears. 那场演说把他们感动得落泪。(3) move 还可作不及物动词，意为“离开、动身迁移、搬家”。例如：He moved his family to a smaller ho

8、use. 他把家搬到一个较小的房子里。【注意】搬到某地常用 move to + 地点，但当副词作地点状语时，此时可省略掉 to。【拓展】move house 搬家 move to Paris 搬到巴黎 move in 搬进，迁进 move on 继续前进 8. top（1）top 作形容词，意为“领先的，最好的，顶部的”。例如：He wants to be a top student, so he studied as hard as possible.他想成为一个高材生，所以尽最大努力学习。I live on the top floor. 我住在顶层。 （2）top 作名词，意为“顶部，最高

9、位”。例如：The mountain tops are covered with snow. 白雪覆盖着山顶。 The green book is at the bottom of the pile and the red one is on top. 绿皮书在那一堆书的底下，红皮书在上边。 词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. be proud of _ 2. hold out _3be good at _ 4. fixon_5. pass by_ 6. 被控告；被指责 _7. 对感到厌烦_ 8. 对某人严格要求_9. 听说_ 10用名字；以假名 _答案与解析 1. 对感到自豪；以为荣 2. 提出；

10、拿出 3. 擅长 4. 集中（目光、注意力等）于 5. （时间）过去；（人）经过 6. be accused of 7. be tired of 8. be strict with sb. 9hear about 10. under the name ofII. 根据首字母提示或汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写。1. The plane is flying b_ the clouds.2. Jane _(寻找)through the newspaper for the story about her school football team.3. Mary received many p_ on

11、her ninth birthday.4. He is _ (厌烦) of such boring work. 5The kind woman often offers some food and clothes to h_ persons.6As students，we should listen carefully and take n_ in class7Mary got some beautiful g_ on her birthday party8I dont have enough moneyAnd I cant a _ a new car9Look at the s_It say

12、s“No parking!”10The w_ was angry with his husband and went out right away III. 从下面的方框中选出适当的短语，并用其正确的形式完成句子。be proud of; be accused of; at the top of; hold out; fixon1. There is a flag _ the hill.2. Jill _ her eyes _ her mother and waited for her to speak.3. The strange man _ stealing cars.4. We _ ou

13、r strong motherland.5. She was _ the notes in her hand. 答案与解析 1. at the top of 2. fixed; on 3. was accused of 4. are proud of 5. holding out He is good at maths.短语 be good at 意为“擅长于”，要注意词组中 at 的词性为介词，其后必须要接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式等。它的同义短语是 do well in，一般可通用。例如：Alice is good at Maths. 爱丽丝擅长数学。Alice does well i

14、n Maths. 爱丽丝的数学很不错。【注意】短语 do well in 通常不与动词-ing 形式搭配，如果要与动词-ing 形式搭配表达“某人擅长于做某事”的意思时，一般使用短语 be good at。例如：Shes good at doing sports. 她擅长运动。She does well in sports. 她擅长运动。2. It may be old.may be 是“情态动词 may+动词原形 be”构成的，在句中做谓语，意为“可能是、大概是”。例如：She may be at home. 她可能在家。（也可以说：Maybe she is at home.） You may be right. 你可能是对的。（也可以说：Maybe you are right.）【拓展】maybe 是副词，主要用于非正式场合，口语中常用，意为“也许，大概”。它通常放在句子的开头，在句子中作状语。例如：Maybe they wont come here tonight. 他们大概今晚不会来这儿。 Maybe she is happy. 也许她是幸福的。