中西方传统建筑文化的差异.doc

1、本科毕业论文中西方传统建筑文化的差异姓名院系外国语学院专业英语年级2011级学号20111411061指导教师2015年5月15日DIFFERENCESOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWESTBYSUPERVISEDBYPROFESSORSUBMITTEDINPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTSFORTHEDEGREEOFBACHELOROFARTSINENGLISHLANGUAGEANDLITERATURETOTHESCHOOLOFFOREIGNLANGUAGESLUDONGUNIVE

2、RSITYYANTAI,CHINAMAY2015独创声明本人郑重声明所呈交的毕业论文设计，是本人在指导老师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，成果不存在知识产权争议。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文（设计）不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中以明确方式标明。此声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名二一年月日毕业论文（设计）使用授权声明本人完全了解鲁东大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业论文（设计）的规定。本人愿意按照学校要求提交论文（设计）的印刷本和电子版，同意学校保存论文（设计）的印刷本和电子版，或采用影印、数字化或其它复制手段

3、保存论文（设计）；同意学校在不以营利为目的的前提下，建立目录检索与阅览服务系统，公布论文（设计）的部分或全部内容，允许他人依法合理使用。（保密论文在解密后遵守此规定）作者签名二一年月日毕业论文开题报告姓名性别女学院外国语学院年级2011级学号20111411061题目中西方传统建筑文化的差异（DIFFERENCESOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWEST）课题来源学生自拟课题类别理论研究选题意义（包括科学意义和应用前景，研究概况，水平和发展趋势，列出主要参考文献目录）建筑是人类文明的沉淀，也是人类文明的载体。中西方传统建

4、筑在不同时期、不同建筑物所体现的技术方法及其技术蕴涵都有所差异。建筑作为一种文化象征符号，以其独特的语言方式向人们倾述着各地区、各民族的思想观念、宗教情感、审美情趣等等。建筑起源于人类遮风避雨的实际需要，而伴随着人类文明的发展，建筑形式的表现被赋予了文化内涵。所以建筑不仅有很重要的物质价值，还有重要的精神价值。因此，本人选择了本课题是很有必要的。本课题主要的参考文献如下张超，2012，中国建筑文化入门M。北京北京工业大学出版社。李少林，2006，中国建筑史M。呼和浩特内蒙古人民出版社。李少林，2006，西方建筑史M。呼和浩特内蒙古人民出版社。李华东，2010，西方建筑M。北京高等教育出版社。陈

5、志华，1981，外国建筑史M。北京中国建筑工业出版社。研究主要内容和预期结果（说明具体研究内容和拟解决的关键问题，预期结果和形式，如在理论上解决哪些问题及其价值，或应用的可能性及效果）本文在前人研究的基础上，从中西方传统建筑的材料、结构、装饰和布局四个方面分析了两种建筑文化的差异性及产生这些差异的原因，并对中西方建筑在未来的发展提供一些启示。具体而言，本研究试图回答以下两个相互关联的问题（1）中西方传统建筑文化都有哪些差异（2）产生这些差异的原因有哪些通过探讨，预期有以下结果中西方传统建筑因其自然环境、社会条件、技术水平、思想观念、宗教文化、审美情趣等的不同而具有很大的差异性。其差异性主要体现

6、在建筑材料、建筑结构、建筑装饰、建筑布局等方面。造成这种差异性的原因主要是中西方在物质文化、哲学理念、制度文化、性格特征、革新态度以及审美观念等方面存在差异。本文通过对中西方传统建筑的梳理和研究，给予中西方传统建筑以文化上的诠释，以期让读者更全面地了解中西方传统建筑文化。拟采取的研究方法和技术路线（包括理论分析、计算，实验方法和步骤及其可行性论证，可能遇到的问题和解决方法，以及研究的进度与计划）本文主要以文献资料法、比较分析法和例证相结合的综合方法和程序来进行。通过查阅书籍、报刊和网络中已有的关于中西方传统建筑文化的文献资料，总结中西方传统建筑文化的差异性及产生这些差异性的原因，并结合所查找的

7、相关资料，通过举例对中西方传统建筑文化作出比较和分析。因本文涉及到建筑的结构和布局，仅靠文字叙述很难理解，所以需要借助一些结构和布局图来对建筑结构和布局进行更好的理解。同时，大量与建筑相关的专业词汇也需借助词典来进行更准确的表达。本研究进度计划如下201411201412资料搜集、论文选题；201501201502文献综述、论文开题；201503201504调查研究、论文撰写；201505201506修改定稿，答辩结题。指导教师意见（对论文（设计）选题的意义、应用性、可行性、进度与计划等内容进行评价，填写审核结果同意开题、修改后再开题、不同意开题）签名年月日院（系）毕业论文（设计）领导小组意见

8、同意开题。（签章）年月日毕业论文结题报告姓名性别女学院外国语学院年级2011级学号20111411061题目中西方传统建筑文化的差异（DIFFERENCESOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWEST）课题来源学生自拟课题类别理论研究本课题完成情况介绍（包括研究过程、实验过程、结果分析、存在的问题及应用情况等。）本课题针对中西方传统建筑文化的差异性，采用文献资料法、比较分析法和例证相结合的方法，从建筑历史、建筑材料、建筑结构、建筑装饰和建筑布局等方面深入分析了这两种传统建筑文化所存在的差异。同时，也阐明了产生这些差异性四大主

9、要原因哲学理念的不同、宗教文化的差异、革新态度的差别以及审美观念的不同。这不仅使读者能够更全面的了解中西方传统建筑在文化上的差异，同时也对中西方建筑在未来的发展提供一些启示。当然，因时间和精力所限，本研究在深度和广度上还存在一定的局限性。指导教师评语签名年月日院（系）毕业论文（设计）领导小组意见同意结题。（公章）年月日指导教师评定成绩毕业论文成绩评定表学院（公章）外国语学院学号20111411061姓名总成绩良题目中西方传统建筑文化的差异（DIFFERENCESOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWEST）评阅人评语评定成绩

10、签名年月日答辩小组评语答辩成绩组长签名年月日ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFIRSTOFALL,IWOULDLIKETOEXTENDMYDEEPESTTHANKSANDRESPECTTOMYSUPERVISOR,MRSMAQUN,FORHERINSTRUCTIVEADVICEANDPRECIOUSSUGGESTIONSONMYTHESISICOULDNOTHAVEDONEITWITHOUTHERSECONDLY,IAMDEEPLYINDEBTEDTOALLTHEPROFESSORSATFOREIGNLANGUAGESSCHOOLOFLUDONGUNIVERSITY,WHOSEPROFOUND

11、KNOWLEDGEOFENGLISHTRIGGERMYLOVEFORTHISBEAUTIFULLANGUAGEANDWHOSEEARNESTATTITUDETELLMEHOWTOLEARNENGLISHTHIRDLY,SPECIALTHANKSSHOULDGOTOMYFRIENDSWHOHAVEPUTCONSIDERABLETIMEANDEFFORTINTOTHEIRCOMMENTSONTHEDRAFTFINALLY,IWOULDLIKETOTHANKMYPARENTSFORTHEIRCONTINUOUSSUPPORTANDENCOURAGEMENTI摘要建筑是人类文明的沉淀，也是人类文明的载

12、体。中西方传统建筑在不同时期、不同建筑物所体现的技术方法及其技术蕴涵都有所差异。本文在前人研究的基础上，从中西方传统建筑的材料、结构、装饰和布局四个方面分析了两种建筑文化的差异性及产生这些差异的原因，并对中西方建筑在未来的发展提供一些启示。关键词中西方；传统建筑文化；差异；原因IIABSTRACTTHEARCHITECTUREISTHEPRECIPITATIONANDTHECARRIEROFHUMANCIVILIZATIONTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURESOFCHINAANDTHEWESTAREDIFFERENTINTECHNICALMETHODSANDTECHNICAL

13、IMPLICATIONWHICHREFLECTEDINDIFFERENTPERIODSANDDIFFERENTBUILDINGSBASEDONTHEPREVIOUSRESEARCH,THISTEXTANALYSESTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENTHETWOARCHITECTURECULTURESINMATERIAL,STRUCTURE,ORNAMENTANDSPACELAYOUT,ANDEXPLORESTHEREASONSOFTHESEDIFFERENCESALSO,ITPROVIDESSOMEINSPIRATIONFORFUTUREDEVELOPMENTOFCHINESEANDW

14、ESTERNARCHITECTURESKEYWORDSCHINAANDTHEWESTTRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTUREDIFFERENCESREASONSICONTENTS摘要IABSTRACTIICONTENTSI10INTRODUCTION120DEVELOPMENTHISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINCHINAANDTHEWEST221DEVELOPMENTHISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINCHINA222DEVELOPMENTHISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHIT

15、ECTUREINTHEWEST330DIFFERENCESOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWEST531DIFFERENCESINBUILDINGMATERIAL532DIFFERENCESINBUILDINGSTRUCTURE633DIFFERENCESINBUILDINGORNAMENT834DIFFERENCESINBUILDINGSPACELAYOUT940REASONSFORTHESEDIFFERENCES1041DIFFERENTPHILOSOPHICALIDEAS1142DIFFERENTRELIGIOUSCULTURE

16、S1243DIFFERENTINNOVATIVEATTITUDES1244DIFFERENTAESTHETICSTANDARDS1350CONCLUSION13REFERENCES15鲁东大学本科毕业论文110INTRODUCTIONARCHITECTUREISTHECONCRETIONARYMUSIC,ANDALSOTHECONCRETIONARYCULTUREITISNOTONLYDRAWINGONPAPERS,BUTALSOANEXPRESSIONOFTHOUGHT,SOUL,PHILOSOPHYANDSPIRITITISONEOFTHEMOSTPROUDANDTHEMOSTVALUAB

17、LEACHIEVEMENTSOFCIVILIZATIONTHATCREATEDBYHUMANBEINGSASACULTURALSYMBOL,ARCHITECTURE,WITHITSUNIQUELANGUAGEWAY,REVEALSDIFFERENTIDEOLOGY,RELIGIOUSEMOTIONANDAESTHETICTASTEINDIFFERENTNATIONALITYANDDIFFERENTAREASARCHITECTUREORIGINATEDFROMTHEACTUALNEEDOFHUMANTHATSHELTERFROMTHEWINDANDRAIN,BUTWITHTHEDEVELOPME

18、NTOFHUMANCIVILIZATION,THEPERFORMANCEOFARCHITECTURALFORMISENDOWEDWITHCULTURALCONNOTATIONSOTHEREARENOTONLYMATERIALVALUES,BUTALSOSPIRITUALVALUESTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTURESOFCHINAANDTHEWESTBEARGREATDIFFERENCESBECAUSEOFDIFFERENTNATURALENVIRONMENT,SOCIALCONDITION,TECHNOLOGICALLEVEL,IDEOLOGY,RELIGIOUSCULTU

19、RE,AESTHETICTASTE,ETCTHESEDIFFERENCESAREMAINLYREFLECTEDINTHEASPECTSOFBUILDINGMATERIAL,STRUCTURE,ORNAMENTANDSPACELAYOUTTHECHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREBASEDMATERIALSONWOOD,WHILETHEWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTUREMATERIALSAREMAINLYTOSTONETHESTRUCTUREOFCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTURECONTAINSFOURMAINKINDS

20、THEPOSTANDLINTELCONSTRUCTION,THECOLUMNANDTIECONSTRUCTION,THELOGCABINCONSTRUCTIONANDTHESTILTSTYLECONSTRUCTIONTHEWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTUREUSEDSEMIARCHSTRUCTUREONTHEROOFS,ANDARCHONTHELOADBEARINGWALLTHECHINESETRADITIONALBUILDINGORNAMENTSARECARVING,COLOREDDRAWINGANDCAISSONMAINLY,WHILEWESTERNARESCULP

21、TURE,PEDIMENTANDSCROLLTHESPACELAYOUTOFCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREISTHEPLANELAYOUTOFINDIVIDUALGROUPS,ANDEACHINDIVIDUALSUBJECTSTOTHEOVERALLTOACHIEVEAHARMONYWITHTHEWHOLEHOWEVER,THEWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTUREPAYSMUCHATTENTIONTOTHEEFFECTOFTHEARCHITECTURALARTOFTHEINDIVIDUAL,SPACEDVERTICALLYANDPURSUI

22、TELEVATIONEFFECTTHECAUSESOFTHESEDIFFERENCESARETHEEXISTENCEBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWESTINPHILOSOPHICALIDEAS,RELIGIOUSCULTURES,INNOVATIONATTITUDES,AESTHETICSTANDARDSANDSOONTHROUGHTHEANALYSISANDRESEARCHABOUTCHINESEANDWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTURE,THEAUTHORMAKESTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREOFCHINAANDTHEWESTA鲁东大

23、学本科毕业论文2CULTURALINTERPRETATION,ANDGIVESREADERSAMORECOMPREHENSIVEUNDERSTANDINGOFCHINESEANDWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTURECULTURE20DEVELOPMENTHISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINCHINAANDTHEWEST21DEVELOPMENTHISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINCHINAPRIMITIVESOCIETYISTHEEMBRYONICSTAGEOFCHINESETRADITIONA

24、LARCHITECTURETOTHESHANGANDZHOUDYNASTIES,THETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREHADFORMEDARELATIVELYCOMPLETESYSTEMFROMTHECAVETOTHESHANGDUANDLUOYI,WHETHERTHECONSTRUCTIONMATERIALORTHECONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGY,HADMADEAHUGELEAPINADDITIONTOTHECITYSCONSTRUCTION,THETEMPLEBUILDINGHADALSOAPPEAREDINTHESHANGANDZHOUDYNASTIESAND

25、,THEBUILDINGSCALEHADCHANGEDFROMONESINGLEBUILDINGINTOBUILDINGGROUPSINSHORT,THISISTHEINITIALSTAGEOFCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINTHESPRINGANDAUTUMNPERIOD,UNDERTHETURBULENTSOCIETY,THEFEUDALPRINCESACTEDOFTHEIROWNFREEWILLANDALLOFTHEMHADTHEAMBITIONOFUNIFYTHEWHOLECHINASOTHERULERSGOTRIDOFTHESIMPLENATURALS

26、TYLEINBUILDINGSTHATINTHEPAST,ANDCONSTRUCTEDALARGENUMBEROFLUXURIOUSANDMAGNIFICENTPALACESDURINGTHEQINDYNASTY,THEEPANGPALACE,THEGREATWALL,THELISHANMAUSOLEUM,ASWELLASTHEROADSANDSTRAIGHTS,HADBROUGHTAHUGEINFLUENCETOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLATERARCHITECTURESTHECONSTRUCTIONOFTHECHANGANCITY,WEIYANGPALACE,SHANGLINPAR

27、KLANDANDMANYOFTHERITUALBUILDINGSINTHEHANDYNASTYAREALSOVERYMAGNIFICENTTHECHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREHASVERYDISTINCTIVECHARACTERISTICSDURINGTHETIMESOFTHEWESTERNJINANDEASTERNJINDYNASTIESANDTHESOUTHERNANDNORTHERNDYNASTIESTHEBIGGESTFEATUREOFTHISPERIODISTHATMOSTOFTHEBUILDINGSARERELATEDTOBUDDHISM,AND,TH

28、EBIGGESTCONTRIBUTIONISTHEEMERGENCEOFNUMEROUSEXQUISITEGROTTOSTHEYONGNINGTEMPLEANDTHEYUNGANGGROTTOESARETHEREPRESENTATIVEARCHITECTURESOFTHISPERIODTHESUIANDTANGDYNASTIESARETHEIMPORTANTHISTORICALPERIODSINCHINESEHISTORYBOTHCOUNTRYSTRENGTHANDCULTUREPROSPERITYWEREUNPRECEDENTED,SOARCHITECTURESINTHISPERIODALS

29、OAPPEAREDAFLOURISHINGSPECTACLEALTHOUGHSUIDYNASTYLASTEDFORTYYEARSOR鲁东大学本科毕业论文3LESS,ITBUILTAMAGNIFICENTCAPITALINLESSTHANAYEAR,ANDTHEWORLDFAMOUSZHAOZHOUBRIDGEISTHEMASTERPIECEDURINGTHISTIMEINTHEEARLYTANGDYNASTYANDTHETANGDYNASTY,WHETHERTHECONSTRUCTIONSCALE,THEPALACEAREAORTHEGROTTOTEMPLE,REACHEDANUNPRECED

30、ENTEDLEVEL,ANDREALIZEDANORGANICCOMBINATIONOFTHECONSTRUCTIONPLANNINGSITCANBESAIDTHATTHISPERIODISTHEMATUREPERIODOFCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTURETHESONG,LIAO,JINANDYUANDYNASTIESARETHESPECIALPERIODSINCHINESEARCHITECTURALHISTORYTHESEPERIODSLASTEDFORABOUT300YEARS,WITHTHENORTHANDTHESOUTHDIVIDEDANDREGIMESCO

31、EXISTEDWITHEACHOTHERTHEREFOREMOREBUILDINGTYPESAPPEAREDWITHOBVIOUSREGIONALCHARACTERISTICSSHOPS,BOITES,TEAHOUSESANDOTHERNEWBUILDINGFORMSGROWINGUPINTHECITY,ANDBUILDINGSBEGANTOHAVEANEWDEVELOPMENTINDETAILSTHEMINGDYNASTYISAVERYACTIVEPERIODINARCHITECTURALHISTORYITHASMANYFAMOUSBUILDINGSDURINGTHISPERIOD,SUCH

32、ASTHEFORBIDDENCITY,THEMINGTOMBS,THETEMPLEOFHEAVEN,ANDTHEGREATWALLOFMINGDYNASTYTHEARCHITECTUREOFMINGDYNASTYISTHEBRILLIANTPERIODOFCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTURETHEQINGDYNASTYISTHELASTDYNASTYOFCHINESEHISTORY,ANDITSBUILDINGSGENERALLYINHERITEDTHEMINGDYNASTYITBUILTALARGENUMBEROFROYALGARDENSBASEDONTHEUSEOF

33、THEMINGDYNASTYPALACESTHEOLDSUMMERPALACEANDTHESUMMERPALACEARETHEOUTSTANDINGREPRESENTATIVEROYALGARDENSINTHISTIMEANDDURINGTHISPERIOD,BUILDINGSBEGANTOUSETHEGLASSITWASANEWPROGRESSATTHESAMETIME,THEARCHITECTUREOFTIBETANBUDDHISMHADBEENDEVELOPED,ANDTHEYONGHELAMATEMPLEINBEIJINGISTHEREPRESENTATIVE22DEVELOPMENT

34、HISTORYOFTHETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREINTHEWESTTHEANCIENTGREECEISTHECRADLEOFWESTERNCULTURE,ANDISALSOTHEREALSOURCEOFWESTERNARCHITECTURETHEGREEKARCHITECTURECANBEGROUPEDINTOTHREESTYLESTHEDORICSTYLE,THEIONICSTYLEANDTHECORINTHIANSTYLETHEDORICSTYLEISSTURDY,POWERFUL,SEVERELOOKINGANDSHOWINGAGOODSENSEOFPROPORTI

35、ONSANDNUMBERSTHEIONICSTYLEISGRACEFULANDELEGANTWHILETHEDORICSTYLEISMONOTONOUSANDUNADORNED,THEIONICSTYLEOFTENSHOWSAWEALTHOFORNAMENTTHECORINTHIANSTYLEISKNOWNFORITSORNAMENTALLUXURYTHEACROPOLISOFATHENSANDTHEPARTHENONARETHEFINESTMONUMENTOFGREEKARCHITECTUREINMORETHAN2000YEARS鲁东大学本科毕业论文4THEARCHITECTUREINANC

36、IENTROMEISABRIGHTPEARLINTHETREASUREHOUSEOFARCHITECTUREARTITINHERITEDTHEANCIENTGREEKARCHITECTURALSTYLE,ANDCARRIEDOUTEXTENSIVEINNOVATIONSINARCHITECTURALFORM,TECHNOLOGYANDARTINADDITIONTOTHETHREECLASSICALSTYLESOFTHEANCIENTGREECE,ANCIENTROMANSINVENTEDTHEVOUCHERCOLUMN,ANDBROUGHTTHEBUILDINGINTERNALSTRUCTUR

37、EANDTHESPACECONSTRUCTIONTOANEWHEIGHTTHEMAINFEATURESOFTHEANCIENTROMEARCHITECTUREISTHETHICKMASONRYWALLS,THESEMICIRCLE,ANDTHELAYERUPONLAYERFOLDSTOARCHTHEPANTHEONANDTHECOLOSSEUMARETHEMASTERPIECESOFTHISPERIODINTHEMIDDLEAGES,THEBYZANTINEARCHITECTURE,THEROMANESQUEANDTHEGOTHICMADEUPTHEMAINARCHITECTURALFORMS

38、OFTHISERATHEBYZANTINEARCHITECTUREHASDISTINCTRELIGIOUSCOLORSITSOUTSTANDINGCHARACTERISTICISTHEUSEOFTHEDOME,FOREXAMPLE,THEHAGIASOPHIATHEROMANESQUEARCHITECTUREISCHARACTERIZEDBYMASSIVENESS,SOLIDITY,ANDMONUMENTALITYWITHANOVERALLBLOCKYAPPEARANCETHESCULPTURESANDPAINTINGS,PRIMARILYINCHURCHES,DEVELOPEDAWONDER

39、FULUNITYWITHTHEARCHITECTURETHEGOTHICWASANOUTGROWTHOFTHEROMANESQUE,BUTITWASGIVENDIRECTIONBYADIFFERENTAESTHETICANDPHILOSOPHICALSPIRITGOTHICCATHEDRALSSOAREDHIGH,THEIRWINDOWS,ARCHESANDTOWERSREACHINGHEAVENWARD,FLINGINGTHEIRPASSIONAGAINSTTHESKYTHEYWEREDECORATEDWITHBEAUTIFULSTAINEDGLASSWINDOWSANDSCULPTURES

40、MORELIFELIKETHANANYSINCEANCIENTROMEINTHERENAISSANCEPERIOD,THEOBVIOUSFEATUREOFTHEARCHITECTUREWASTHATITABANDONEDTHEGOTHICSTYLE,ANDREADOPTEDTHECOLUMNTYPEINTHEPERIODOFANCIENTGREECEANDANCIENTROMEINRELIGIOUSANDSECULARBUILDINGSBUTTHEARCHITECTSWERENOTMECHANICALLYCOPYINGTHESTYLEINTHEPASTONTHEONEHAND,THEYUSED

41、THECLASSICALCOLUMNTYPE,ANDONTHEOTHERHAND,THEYREMAINEDFLEXIBILITYANDINNOVATION,ANDCOMBINEDTHECOLUMNTYPEWITHTHEARCHITECTURALSTYLEINDIFFERENTAREASFLORENCECATHEDRALANDSAINTPETERSBASILICAARETHELANDMARKBUILDINGSAFTERTHERENAISSANCE,ANEWSTYLEOFARCHITECTUREEMERGED,THATWASTHEBAROQUEARCHITECTUREITISCHARACTERIZ

42、EDBYDRAMATICINTENSITYANDSENTIMENTALAPPEALWITHALOTOFEMPHASISONLIGHTANDCOLORTHEROCOCOARCHITECTUREWASDEVELOPEDBASEDONTHEBAROQUEARCHITECTURE,ANDITFOCUSEDONTHEINTERIORDECORATIONITISCHARACTERIZEDBYELABORATEORNAMENTATIONIMITATINGSHELLWORKANDFOLIAGEANDITHASACURVINGANDELASTICPATTERN鲁东大学本科毕业论文530DIFFERENCESOF

43、THETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREBETWEENCHINAANDTHEWESTTHEDIFFERENCESOFCHINESEANDWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTURESAREREFLECTEDINFOURMAINASPECTSDIFFERENTBUILDINGMATERIAL,STRUCTURE,ORNAMENTANDSPACELAYOUT31DIFFERENCESINBUILDINGMATERIALTHECHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREUSEDWOODASTHEMAINFRAMEWORKOFBUILDINGS,SOITIS

44、KNOWNAS“THEHISTORYBOOKSOFWOOD“THEREASONTHATSELECTEDWOODASTHEMAINBUILDINGMATERIALWASWOODSSUPERIORPHYSICALPROPERTIESANDEASYPROCESSINGFEATURESTHEWOODENBUILDINGALSOHASSTRONGADVANTAGESINSAVINGMATERIALS,LABORSANDCONSTRUCTIONTIMEMOSTOFTHEWESTERNCLASSICALARCHITECTUREHASEXPERIENCEDFORSEVERALDECADESOREVENONEH

45、UNDREDYEARONTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,BUTINCHINA,EVENTHEFORBIDDENCITY,WITHSUCHLARGESCALE,ITSBUILDINGPROCESSJUSTTOOKMORETHANONEDECADEINADDITIONTOWOOD,SOILANDSTONEAREALSOTHEIMPORTANTMATERIALSINTRADITIONALCHINESEARCHITECTUREINANCIENTCHINA,THESOILWHICHUSEDASTHEBUILDINGMATERIALSCANBEROUGHLYDIVIDEDINTOTWOTYP

46、ESTHENATURALSTATESOILWHICHISALSOCALLEDTHEIMMATURESOIL,ANDTHERAMMEDEARTHWHICHISREINFORCEDANDISDENSERTHANIMMATURESOILTHERAMMEDEARTHOCCUPIEDANIMPORTANTPOSITIONINCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTUREACCORDINGTOHISTORICALDOCUMENTSANDARCHAEOLOGICALMATERIALS,THESTYLOBATEOFTHEIMPORTANTANCIENTBUILDINGSINCHINAISMOST

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49、ORIGINATEDINTHEEARLYWESTERNZHOUDYNASTYBEFORE鲁东大学本科毕业论文6THEWESTERNZHOUDYNASTY,BUILDINGROOFSWERECOVEREDBYTHATCHTHEWATERPROOFPERFORMANCEOFTHATCHWASPOOR,SOPEOPLEINVENTEDTHETILEANDTHETILESOONREPLACEDTHETHATCHBECAUSEOFITSPERFECTWATERPROOFPERFORMANCE,ANDITALSOBECAMETHEMAINMATERIALOFROOFSTHEMETALWASGENERALLYUSEDASREINFORCINGMEMBERANDAFFILIATEDMEMBERINCHINESETRADITIONALARCHITECTURETHEWESTERNTRADITIONALARCHITECTUREPURSUEDFIRMANDDESIREDTOLIVEFOREVER,SOFROMTHETIMESOFANCIENTGREECE,WESTERNERSUSEDSTONEASTHEMAINMATERIALSFORBUILDINGSNOW,ALOTOFSTONEBUILDINGS,WHICHCONSTRUCTEDINANCIENTGREECEANDANCIENTROME,AR