2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试.DOC

1、 1 2016 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 全国卷 I 英语 来源：查查吧 【说明】： 【参考版答案】非官方版正式答案，答案和解析为学科网解析团队教师与学而思培优名师团队制作，有可能存在少量错误，仅供参考使用。 本试卷共 12 页。全卷满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，请将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用 2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A 后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对 应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择

2、题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第 I 卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 试题略 解析略 2 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A、 B、 C 和 D）中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson

3、. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams (1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区 ) b

4、y creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson (1907-1964) If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring r

5、aised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present) When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was

6、a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员 ) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court 3 Rosa Parks (1913-2005) On December 1. 1995, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not giv

7、e up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and ki cked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21. What is Jane Addams noted for

8、 in history? A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 22. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women

9、. D. The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.? 4 A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor D. Rosa Parks. 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creativ

10、e. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. 21.【解析】 A 信息概括题。根据第二段 “ a social worker” 可明显得出答案，故 A 正确。 22.【解析】 C 细节题。 根据第四段 “She could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故C 正确。 23.【解析】 D 细节题。根据第五段 “ kicked off the civil-rights movement” 可知， Rosa Park 推动了民权运动，故 D

11、 正确。 24.【解析】 C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 “Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize”；第三段第一句 “If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environment movement might not exist today”；第四段第二句 “ the first woman to join the U.S Supreme Court”；最后一段第三句 “ kicked off the civil-rights movement”，可知，四位女性

12、都是历史上的先锋，故 C正确。 5 B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and her son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion

13、 did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to their children and grandchi

14、ldren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study, , 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will i

15、nfluence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family. “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christiane Crosby, publisher of Graza maga

16、zine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when youre raising children.” Moving is not for everyone. Although every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to

17、say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder. 25. Why was Garzas move a success? A. It strengthened her family ties. B. It improved her living conditions. 6 C. It enabl

18、ed her to make more friends. D. It helped her know more places. 26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision? A. 17% expressed their support for it. B. Few people responded sympathetically. C. 32% believed it had a bad influence. D. The majority suggested it was a trend. 27.What

19、 did Crosby say about people in the 1960s? A. They were unsure of themselves. B. They were eager to raise more children. C. They wanted to live away from their parents. D. They had little experiences for their grandparents. 28.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? A

20、. Make the decisions in the best interest of their own. B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them. C. Sacrifice for their struggling children. 7 D. Get to know themselves better. 25【解析】 A 细节题。定位首段末句由“ Today all three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship tha

21、n they would have had in separate cities”可知答案。 26【解析】 D 细节题。定位第二段，由“ 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in the American family. ”可知，约 83%的人认为 Mrs. Robinson 的决定会影响美国的很多祖父母，说明不是 17%而是 83%的人支持，排除 A； B选项文中未提及； 83%的人支持，说明认为有很坏影响的人占的比例不可能超过 17%； D 选项符合文意。 27【

22、解析】 C 推断题。由第三段首句“ In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough, fast enough to prove we could do it on our own”可推断 20 世纪 60 年代的时候，人们想要离开家去证明自己的能力但现实并不允许，心里其实是想离开家的， C 选项正确。 28【解析】 A 推断题。由最后一段“ but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Havin

23、g your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know may be harder”可知有时候对祖父母来说，和孩子孙子们住在一起并非就是好的选择，反而不住在一起而是频繁去探访子孙会更好，因为这样就不需要改变祖父母自己熟知的生活方式，由此可推测出作者的建议祖父母是否搬去和子孙一起住最好从祖父母的需求出发，选择 A。 C 8 I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell couri

24、er. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞） in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（捐献者） to the time they can be implanted in the p

25、atient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check - in desk at Pro

26、vidence, the lady on the desk said: “well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you - there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient - please, please, youve got to get me back to

27、 the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed（改道） me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that i

28、s potentially going to save somebodys life. 29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A. provider B. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor 30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours? A. He cannot stay away from his job too long. B. T

29、he donor can only wait for that long. C. The operation needs that much time. 9 D. The ice wont last any longer. 31. Which fight did the woman put Peter on first? A. To London. B. To Newark. C. To Providence. D. To Washington. 29【解析】 B 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二行 carry stem cells 可知，作者是运送细胞的人，所以选择 B 选 项， delivery

30、 man。 30【解析】 D 细节题。从第一段第三行“ because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. ”可以知道选择 D 选项，“ the ice wont last any longer.” 31【解析】 B 细节题。由原文第三段倒数第二行“ re-routed me through Newark”可知，答案选 B。 D The meaning of silence carries among culture groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty

31、 when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or, worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attem pts may be made to fill every gap(间隙 ) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value

32、 silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. 10 Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among peop le, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly s

33、tops, what may be implied(暗示 ) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of peopl

34、e with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguin

35、g with him or her. In still anoth er use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority, persons in Asian culture m ay view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-give

36、rs need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence s o that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecess

37、arily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈 ) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 32. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific D. It is content-based 33. Which of the following people might consider silence as a call for careful thought?