四级词汇分层妙记.doc

1、1 高频词汇 Unit 1 词汇部分(1) abandonbndn vt.丢弃；抛弃，遗弃 an abandoned car 被抛弃的汽车 放弃,中止 abandon a project 放 弃一项方案oneself(to sth./doing sth.)使放纵；使听任 Those who abandon themselves to despair can not succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。 真题例句：Some pessimistic experts see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be a

2、bandoned.(2002.1 阅读 2) 译文：一些悲观的专家认为在不久的将来，所有的汽车都会被丢弃。 辨析 abandon desert leave 四个单词都有“抛弃”的意思。 abandon 抛弃，离弃。一般指完全和永久地舍弃某人或某物。可用于褒义，也可以用于 贬义。书面语用的多。 The sailors abandoned the burning ship.船员们放弃了着火的船。 desert 遗弃，离弃。指某人或某物无人问津，或在困难时或困境中被人背弃。多用于贬 义，有时可引申为“失去”的意思。 All his friends have deserted him when he

3、is in difficulties.在他困难的时候，他所有的朋友都背弃了他。 leave 舍弃，遗弃。着重“离开” 、 “遗留下”的意思。 常见用法：sb./sth.; sb./sth.to sb.; sb./sth.with sb.;sth.for sth.常用短语：be left with 给留下，被剩下；leave alone 不 管；leave aside 搁置；leave behind 留下，遗忘。 Did he leave any message for me? 他有 话留给我么？ ability blt n.能力，本领 to the best of ones ability 尽

4、某人的最大努力 才能，才智 The acting abilities of both are well-known.两人的表演才能都是众所周知的。 真题例句：The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.(2009.12 阅 读 2) 译文：筹款能力主要是经验和迫切需要的产物。 ableebl a.后接不定式能够的，得以的 be able to do sth.能够做某事 有才干的，能 力出众的，有能力的 an able lawyer 一位能干的律师 真题例句：The agents were a

5、ble to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company.(2009.6 快速阅读) 译文：代理人能够充分利用其潜力和经验创立公司。 abolishbl vt.彻底废除，废止 Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished.不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。 abrupt brpt a.突然的，意外的 an abrupt rolling or pitching 突然的摇晃或坠落 (举止、言谈等)唐突 的，鲁莽的 She was offended by his abrup

6、t manner.他粗率无礼的举止触怒了她。 absorb bsb vt.吸收 Dry sand absorbs water.干沙吸收水分。bein sth./doing sth.吸引的注意，使 全神贯注 The old man was utterly absorbed in the book.老人全神贯注地读这本书。 真题例句：The writer was so absorbed in her work that she didnt notice him enter the room.(2005.6 词汇 47 题) 译文：这位作家如此全神贯注地工作以至于都没有注意到他走进了房间。 abst

7、ract bstrkt 2 a.抽象的 in the abstract 抽象地，在理论上 抽象派的 abstract art 抽象派艺术 n.摘要， 梗概 Harper made an abstract of Prof.Hunters lecture.哈珀将亨特教授的讲座做了摘要。 vt.做的摘要 The author abstracted his book.作者为他的书写了内容提要。提取，抽 取 abstract metal from ore 从矿砂中提取金属 真题例句：I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday.(2008

8、.12 听力 15 题) 译文：我真的很喜欢我们昨天看的那些抽象画。 abuse bjuz n.滥用，妄用 drug abuse 滥用麻醉药品 虐待，伤害 child abuse 虐待儿童 辱骂，毁谤 She attacked him with a torrent of abuse.她用连珠炮似的谩骂来攻击他。 vt.滥用，妄用 abuse ones authority 滥用权威 虐待，伤害 All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.所有的孩子都受到过身体上和精神上的虐待。辱骂，毁谤 You are always a

9、busing and offending people.你总是出言不逊得罪人。 真题例句：Lawyers can specialize in “elder law,” which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing home abuse and age discrimination.(2002.1 阅读 3) 译文：律师可以专攻“老年法” ，其中包括从信托和财产到疗养院虐待和年龄歧视等各方面。 高频词汇 Unit 1 词汇部分(2) accompanykmpn vt.陪伴，伴随 He wished her to accomp

10、any him.他希望她陪他。为伴奏 The pianist accompanied her singing.钢琴家为她的歌唱伴奏。 accidentksdnt n.意外遭遇，事故，意外的事 car/road accident 车祸/交通事故 意外，偶然因素,机遇 by accident 偶然 acceleratekselret v.(使)加快，(使)增速 The driver stepped on the gas and accelerated the car.司机加大油门,让汽 车加速行驶。 真题例句：The word “accentuate”(Line 4,Para.3)most pro

11、bably means “accelerate”.(2001.1 阅读 3) 译文：accentuate 一词(第三段，第 4 行)的意思最有可能是 “加快” 。 accesskses n.通道，入口 the only access to the farmhouse 到那农舍的唯一入口接近(或进入、享用) 的机会 have/get access to a good library 有使用好图书馆的便利条件 vt.存取(计算机文件)The files were accessed every day to keep them up to date.文件每日存取 , 使之不断更新。 真题例句：and

12、 make sure that there is easy 69 to participation opportunities.(2008.12 完形 69 题) A.access B.entrance C.chance D.route 译文：并且确保(大家)很容易就能获得参与机会。 解析：答案为 A。本题是对介词与名词搭配的考查。 access to 表示接近某事物的机会； entrance to 表示某物的入口；chance 表示机会，一般不和 to 搭配；route to 表示去某 地的线路，根据上下文，只有 A 符合句意要求。 accomplishkmpl vt.达到(目的) ，完成

13、(任务)，实现(计划、诺言等)accomplish ones aim, a task 达到目的、完 成任务 真题例句：The project to be accomplished by the end of 2000 will expand the citys telephone 3 network to cover 1,000,000 users.(1996.6 词汇 24 题) 译文：将于 2000 年底完成的该项目使本市的电话网覆盖到一百万用户。 accountkant n.记述，描述，报告 a full account of the incident 详细叙述事件 账，账户,账目 ke

14、ep the accounts 记账 解释，说明 I give a detailed account of his plan.我对他的计划作了详尽的说 明。vi.for说明的原因，是的原因 His illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。 (在数量、比例方面)占 The Japanese market accounts for 35% of the companys revenue.日本 市场占据公司收入的 35%。 常用短语 of no account 不重要的 on account of 为了 的缘故，因为，由于 on no account 绝不，绝对

15、不 take account of/takeinto account 考虑到，顾及，体谅 真题例句：Dale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce.(2009.6 快速阅读) 译文：戴尔是一位客户主管，他出席了我的关于管理多样化员工的讲习班。 acquaintkwentnt vt.(sb./oneself with sth.)使认识，使了解，使熟悉 I acquainted him with the facts of the case. 我让他熟悉了

16、案情。 真题例句：Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now.(2008.12 阅读 A) 译文：书籍使他们了解了过去和现在的世间的生命，随之通过阅读，他们发现了生命的更 深层意义。 acquaintancekwentns n.相识的人，熟人 She has a wide circle of acquaintances 她交友甚广。认识，相识，了 解 They have som

17、e acquaintance with English 他们懂一点英语。 真题例句：Thats OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when youre talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.(2008.12 快速阅读) 译文：姐妹之间倒没问题，但是如果是跟朋友或熟人的孩子说的话就会很危险。 高频词汇 Unit 1 词汇部分(3) accumulatekjumjlet vt.堆积，积累，积聚 accumulate books 收藏书籍 vi.累积，聚积 Dust

18、had accumulated during her absence.她不在时灰尘积了起来。 真题例句：Accumulated energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.(2002.1 词汇 52 题) 译文：地下集聚的能量必须以一种或其他方式释放出来，比如地震。 辨析 accumulate assemble gather collect 四个动词意思相近。 accumulate v.积累，积聚。指有规则地、逐渐地、不断地大量积聚(知识、财物等) 。 ac

19、cumulate wealth 积聚财富。 assemble vt.搜集，调集 assemble forces 调集兵力；assemble evidence 收集证据 vi.聚集(人 或事为某种共同目的聚集在一起，为特定计划而统一行动等)。 gather v.搜集;集合,使聚在一起 collect v.收集, 采集; 领取; 使集合。 accuracykjurs 4 n.准确(性) ，精确( 性)predict sth.with great accuracy 极准确地预言某事物 真题例句：They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 h

20、air samples collected from 65 barber shops.(2009.6 阅读 2) 译文：通过测试从 65 家理发店收集的 200 根毛发样本，他们核查了地图的准确性。 accuratekjurt a.正确无误的 accurate statistics 准确的统计准确的，精确的 take accurate aim 瞄得准 真题例句：They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid sys

21、tems.(2009.6 阅读 2) 译文：他们能够把头发样本准确地放在广泛地区，这些区域大致对应着袭击的行动。 真题例句：The statistical figures in that report are not accurate.You should not refer to them.(2001.1 词汇 60 题) 译文：那份报告里的统计数据不准确。你不应该参考它们。 achievetiv vt.完成，实现，达到 achieve ones ambition 实现抱负 vi.成功，达到目的 真题例句：Merit-based aid is aid offered to students

22、who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generally known as academic and artistic merit scholarships.(2009.12 快速阅读) 译文：基于成绩的援助提供给在某一特定领域取得优异成就的学生，这也就是众所周知的 学术和艺术价值奖学金。 achievementtivmnt n.成就，成绩 a great achievement 大成就达到，完成，实现，取得 真题例句：We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know

23、 that these top students truly value the scholarship.(2009.12 快速阅读) 译文：我们仍然相信会以较高的成就作为回报，并且了解到这些优秀的学生真正地珍惜这 个奖学金。 真题例句：Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement.(2008.12 选词填空) 译文：想象是一种可贵的品质，是成功的动力。 acknowledgeknld vt.承认，承认的权威(或主张)a generally acknowledged fa

24、ct 公认的事实告知收到， 确认 I acknowledged her letter at once.我马上告知收到了她的信。对表示谢忱，报偿 to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd 对大众的欢呼表示感谢 真题例句：The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America(2005.12 阅读 2) 译文：主管承认他们尝试将全国的饮食习惯转向一种美国制作的食物。 acquirekwa(r) vt.取得，获得 to

25、 acquire experience in how to do the work 获得了做这工作的经验 学到 to acquire a large vocabulary 学到大量词汇； an acquired taste 逐渐培养的爱好 真题例句：Most students attend a university mainly to75the knowledge needed for their chosen profession.(2008.6 完形 75 题 ) A acquire B accept C touch D grasp 译文：大多数学生上大学主要是为了获取他所选择的行业所需的

26、知识。 解析：A。根据上下文，此处表达是获取知识的意思， acquire“获得(技能，知识等) ”与 knowledge 搭配符合句意。 辨析 acquire achieve attain 5 三个动词都有“取得”之意。 acquire：( 经过努力)获得(知识、信息等)。 achieve：实现目标，取得成功，着重在达到一定目的过程中所包含的技能和努力。 attain ：达到(目的等)，取得(成就等) ，一种比较庄重的说法，常用于一般人能力不易达 到的目的。 activityktvt n.活动，行动 outdoor activities 户外活动 活跃，活力 The house has bee

27、n full of activity all day.房子里整天都很热闹。 真题例句：Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed for life to form.(2009.12 听力) 译文：火山活动的水和热量是生命形成所必需的两个基本条件。 高频词汇 Unit 1 精题练习与答案 精题练习 (一)选词填空，完成下面句子。 Apromote B overflowed C dominate D monitored E increasingly Fsupervise Gadjust H recept

28、ion I adapt J exception Kachieved Lapplication M yet Nassist Oat 1.With the of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party. 2.We may be able to you in some way if you can not finish your work on time. 3.Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still can not himself to the

29、Chinese customs. 4.What we need to learn is how to put theory into when we begin our fieldwork here. 5.Jack London worked very hard and finally he success. 6.This book is expected to the best-seller lists. 7.To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly by a computer. 8.

30、If you dont the children properly, Mr.Chiver, theyll just run riot. 9.You cannot imagine how I feel with my duties sometimes. 10.Mary became homesick and critical of the United States, so she fled from her home in west Bloomfield to her hometown in Austria. (二)汉译英练习。 1.If you had (听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦).

31、 2.I replied to her that (我将会接受她的邀请). 3.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society， (但是 只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人)can make use of them to achieve purpose. 4.We must (使自己适应)the demands of our times; otherwise well fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world. 5.When Sandy rec

32、overed from cancer, her doctor (把此归因于她对未来 的信念). 参考答案 (一) 1.J 2.N 3.I 4.L5.K 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.F 10.E (二) 6 1.followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now 2.I would accept her invitation 3.but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly 4.adapt ourselves to 5.attributed it to her f

33、irm belief in the future 高频词汇 Unit 2 词汇部分(1) arrangement rendmnt n.常 pl.安排，准备工作 all the travel arrangements 旅行的一切安排整理，排列，布 置 the arrangement of the tables 安排这些桌子(with sb.)to do sth.; (with sb.)(about/over sth.) 同意; 约定; 解决 Appointments can be made by arrangement with my secretary.约见时间可以 与我的秘书商定解决。 真题

34、例句：Researchers recruited 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements.(2009.12 阅读 A) 译文：研究人员从 11 个幼儿中心召集 92 个家庭，他们的孩子都小于一岁，采访每个人并 建立收入、教育水平以及幼儿护理安排。 artificialtfl;tfl a.人工的，人造的，人为的

35、artificial flowers 假花假的，矫揉造作的，模拟的 an artificial smile 做作的笑容 真题例句：According to Stokoe, sign language is an artificial language?(2004.6 听力 13 题) 译文：根据 Stokoe(的观点)，手语是一种人工语言吗？ ashamedemd a.(of sth./sb./oneself); (that) 惭愧的，羞耻的，害臊的 You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.你应该为说这些谎话而感到羞耻。H

36、e felt too ashamed to ask for help.他不 好意思请求帮助。 assert st vt.肯定地说，断言 She asserted her innocence/that she was innocent.她坚称自己很清白(她是 无辜的)。维护，坚持 assert ones authority/independence 坚持自己的权威性/独立性 assemblesembl;sembl vi.集合，聚集 The students assembled in the school garden.学生们在校园集合。vt.集合，聚 集，召集 assemble evidence

37、 搜集证据装配 assemble the parts of a watch 装配表的零件 真题例句：Everybody assembled in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.(2000.6 词汇 44 题) 译文：大家聚集在大厅里，秘书在此接待。 assess ses vt.对进行估价，确定 的数额 assess the damage at 350 评定损害赔偿金为 350 英 镑估计、评定某事物的质量 Id assess your chances as extremely low.我估计你成功的机 会极微。 asses

38、sment n.确定，评定评价，看法。 真题例句：After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are familiar with the different cameras being assessed, our researchers recommend the Olympic BY model as the best auto focus camera available at the moment.(2005.1 听写) 译文：经过多次测试，并且采访了很多对正在评估的不同相机很熟悉的人，我们的研究人 员

39、推荐北京奥运会这一款是目前最好的。 7 辨析 access assess 这两个词为一组形近易混词。 access n. 接近，进入 have free access to that swimming pool 可以免费地进入游泳池 assess v. 评估(财产，价值 )The annual income of the employees in this company was assessed at1000.这个公司的雇员的年收入为 1000 美元。 assistsst v. (sb.)in doing sth.帮助; 援助; 协助 Two men are assisting the po

40、lice in their enquiries 有两个人正在协助警方进行对他们的询问。assistance n.帮助， 援助 I cant move this piano without assistance.没有人帮忙, 我可挪不动这架钢琴。assistant n.助手，助理，助教 a.助理的，辅助的 the assistant manager 副经理 真题例句：He asked us to assist them in carrying through their plan.(2004.1 词汇 41 题) 译文：他要求我们协助他们执行其计划。 associateset,st vt.(在思

41、想上) 把 联系在一起，使联合 problems associated with cancer treatment 与治疗癌 症有关的问题 vi.with 结交，交往 I dont like you associating with such people.我不喜欢你 和那些人混在一起。n.伙伴，同事，合伙人 ones business associates 业务合伙人 a.副的 associate director 副主任 真题例句：The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these da

42、ys.(2007.6 快速阅读) 译文：最近，有关身份盗窃的案件正在迅速增多。 常用短语 associate sb./sth.with sth.把某人/某事与某事联系在一起 be associated(with sb./sth.)与某人/ 某事有关 高频词汇 Unit 2 词汇部分(2) associationssen n.协会，联盟，社团 professional associations 专业学会联合，结合，交往 his association with British people 他和英国人的来往 真题例句：Alarmed by this state of decay, the Jap

43、an Automobile Manufacturers Association(JAMA)proceeded a comprehensive study of the market in 2006.(2009.6 完形) 译文：日本汽车制造商协会(JAMA)对这种衰败状况感到震惊，接着在 2006 年进行了市场 的全面调查。 assumesjum vt.假定，假设，臆断 It is/seems reasonable to assume(that)假设/似乎是合理的。 承担，担任，就职 assume responsibility 承担责任；assume office 就职 装作；装出；假 装 a

44、ssume ignorance/indifference 假装不知情、装作不在乎 真题例句：The reasons why people dont read newspapers are more complicated than assumed.(2002.6 阅读 1) 译文：人们为什么不看报纸的原因比预想的要复杂。 真题例句：People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的) behavior.(2004.6 阅读 2) 译文：人们认为办公室政治包括一些工于心计的行为。 assure vt.sb.tha

45、t; sb./oneself(of sth.)明确地或有信心地告诉(某人); 向( 某人)保证 The dealer had assured me of its quality.经销商已经给我保证了它的质量。使(某事物)确定; 确保 Her 8 success as an actress was now assured.她当演员很成功, 已毋庸置疑了。 真题例句：Its makers say that should assure you wake up feeling refreshed every morning.(2006.6 新题型完形 69 题) 译文：制造商说，它会让你每天早上醒来时

46、感觉神清气爽。 辨析 assure ensure 这是一组形近词。 assure n.使某人相信，向某人保证。搭配为：assure sb.of sth.或 assure sb.that，assure safety of the operation 确保手术成功。 ensure n.保证，确保。常用于 ensure that或 ensure sth.(如：success, safety, supplies)句型。 attainten vt.达到，获得 attain a position of power 获得权位attainable a.可获得; 可达到 的; 可实现的 attainment n

47、. 达到; 到达 (usu pl 通常作复数)成就；造诣 真题例句：One must know how to attain happiness.(1998.6 阅读 3) 译文：一个人必须知道怎样得到幸福。 attacktk v.pay attention to 注 意。特别的照顾或处理，实际的考虑 He gives all his attention to his car.他十分关心他的汽 车。立正姿势，立正口令 come to/stand at attention 立正 9 真题例句：As the potential First Lady, she would have the world

48、s attention.(2009.12 阅读 1) 译文：作为潜在的第一夫人，她会吸引世界的注意力。 attempttempt n. trbjt vt.to.把归因于，把(过错、责任等) 归于 They attribute their success to their teachers encouragement.他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。n.属性，特性 Politeness is an attribute of a gentleman.彬彬有礼是绅士的本色。 真题例句：Lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration.(2003.9 阅读 3，35 题)