2016春牛津上海版英语八下Uint 2《Water》word单元词汇讲解.docx

1、8B Unit 2 daily adv. 每天（every day） 例如： want to study English well, so I have to practise it daily. 我想学好英语，因此我必须每天练习。 daily adj. 每日的；日常的 n. 日报 例如： here are great changes in their daily lives. 他们的日常生活有巨大的变化。 increase v. （ 使）增加 例如： The wheat production increased a great deal this year. 今年的小麦产量大幅度增加。 We

2、 have increased the price of paper. 我们提高了纸张的价格。 【反义词】： decrease v. 减少 例如： The population in Germany decreased last year. 去年德国的人口减少了。 impatient adj. 不耐烦的 例如： She is becoming impatient. 她变得着急起来。 【同根词】：patient; impatient; patience 1.patient adj. 有耐心的, 例如： She is so kind and always patient with those na

3、ughty children. 她对这些淘气的孩子们是如此的和蔼，有耐心。 2.impatient adj. angry at having to wait 不耐烦的，急躁的，例如： As a nursery teacher, you mustnt be impatient with the children. 作为幼儿园教师，你不该对孩子急躁。 3. patience n. 容忍；耐心，例如： I have no patience with him again. 我对他不再有耐心了。 comfortably adv. 舒服地 例如： He is sitting comfortably in

4、that armchair. 他舒服地坐在那把扶手椅子里。 【同根词】：comfort; comfortable; comfortably 1. comfort v. 安慰；鼓舞 n. 安乐；舒适；安逸，例如： He lives in comfort. 他过得很舒服。（n.） She comforted the sick child. 她安慰这个生病的孩子。（ v.） 2. comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的，例如： She lives a comfortable life. 她过着舒适的生活。 3. comfortably adv. with no pain or worry

5、舒适地，安乐地 pump 1. v. push by machine (用泵）抽，抽吸；打气，例如： The villagers had pumped the well dry and could get no more water. 村民们已把水井抽干了，再也抽不出水来了。 2 . n. 泵；水泵，例如： They are watering the fields with many pumps. 他们正用许多泵浇灌着田地。 freeze v. （froze frozen freezing） freezing wind 1. stop moving suddenly (突然停止，惊呆)，例如：

6、 Fear made him freeze in his tracks. 恐惧使他突然停止前进。 He froze in front of the audience. 他在观众面前吓呆了。 2. 冷冻，冷藏（食物），例如： plant n. 1. building with machines in it 工厂，车间 works When the plant closed down, many factory workers lost their jobs. 工厂关门了，很多工人失业了。 【词义辨析】： speed; hurry 1. speed v. (sped sped speeding)

7、move quickly 指快速运动或行动。 The ambulance sped to the hospital. 救护车快速开往医院。 The train sped through the countryside. 火车从乡间飞驰而过。 Postal workers labored overtime to speed delivery of the Christmas mail. 邮政工人加班加点已加速圣诞期间新信件的发送。 2. hurry v. move or do sth. quickly or too quickly 意指比通常快得多的速度，经常伴随着混乱 或骚动。 If you

8、dont hurry, youll miss the plane. 如果你不迅速些，你将会错过班机了。 reply; answer （v. turn the eyes in some direction; try to see 看；视；望。常用词组有： look around 四周环顾 look round 环视 look after 照料，照顾 look out of 朝外看 look back （与 on, to 连用）回想，想起 look down on 轻视，看不起 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望，期待 look like 看起来像 look out 注意

9、，小心 look through 从头看完，透视 look up 在书中查到，查阅（词典） finish with 以为结束，例如： He finished with the work. 他以这项工作做为结束。 He finished the performance with a song. 他以一首歌曲结束表演。 mean by . 意思是，例如： What do you mean by saying that? 你那样说是什么意思？ 语 法 知 识 一.句型 It is + adj. + for sb. (of sb.) to do sth. （对事加以评论 / 对人加以评论） 不定式短语

10、作主语时,常用形式主语 it 来代替,而真正的主语放在句子的谓语后面。 It is difficult for you to read through this book a week or so.对你来说一星期左右看完这本书有困难。 It is useful for you to learn how to use the computer. 学习使用计算机对你有好处。 It was brave of you to go into the burning building to save the child. 你冲入火场救那个孩子，真勇敢。 Its necessary for us to le

11、arn English today. 现在对我们来讲，学英语非常重要。 二.（a）few 和（a）little 的用法 1. (a) few 用在可数名词 nC之前，(a) little 用在不可数名词 n.U之前。例如： 2. few/ little 可由 hardly any 或 almost no 所替代，含否定的意味。例如： The composition is well written; it has few mistakes. = The composition is well written; it has hardly any mistakes. 这篇作文很好写，几乎没有多少错

12、误。 Few men can solve it. = Almost no men can solve it. 几乎没有人能解决它。 3. a few 相当于 some, several, 含肯定的意味。 4.只是(a) little 修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。 He grows worse; there is little hope of his recovery. 他病情恶化了，恢复的希望很小了。 三.其它的数量形容词 1. plenty of, a lot of, lots of 都表示许多，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。例如： 2. a great deal of, a good de

13、al of, a large quantity of, a small quantity of, a large amount of, a small amount of 均表量，修饰不可数名词。 3. a number of “许多；一些”；a great number of, a large number of, a good number of “许多”， 修饰复数可数名词，并且要与复数动词连用。例如： A number of books are missing from the library. 图书馆的许多书丢失了。 The number of books from the library is large. 图书馆的图书数量很大。 the number of + 复数名词 + 单数(be) 动词 The room contained a great / large / good / number of students. （复数可数名词） 这个房间容纳了许多学生。