[必修 2]Unit 3《Computers 重难点.doc

1、人教版英语必修二 Unit 3 Computers 重难点 Teaching Goals 1. Talk about the history of computer and the possible development of robots, etc. 2. Practise talking about imaginary robots. 3. Practise making decisions and reasoning 4. Learn to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice 5. Do an imaginative writing 6. Lea

2、rn to write a news report. 重点词汇：common go by deal/ do with calculate after all make up as as a result follow 重点句型：so.that. 结果状语从句 重点语法：现在完成时的被动语态 词组识记： 1. sound simple 听起来简单 2. a technological revolution 技术革命 3. artificial intelligence 人工智能 4. begin as 作为 开始 5. solve/settle a problem 解决问题 6. a simpl

3、e-minded man 一个头脑简单的人 7. mathematical problem 数学问题 8. be totally changed 被完全改变了 9. share information with 与信息共享 10. serve the human race 为人类服务 11. common knowledge 常识 12. deal with 处理 13. in my opinion 在我看来 14. public opinion 公众舆论 15 an analytical method 分析法 16. share a room with 与共居一室 17. connect w

4、ith 与 有关 18. go by （从旁）走过 19. bring into effect 使生效 20. the common people 老百姓 21. get together 聚集 22. after all 毕竟 23. with the help of 在 的帮助下 24. make up 编造，化妆 25. a personal letter 私人信件 26. watch over 看守，监视 27. have a good time 玩得愉快 28. once a year 一年一度 29. make a decision 做出决定 30. allow sb. to do

5、 sth. 允许某人干某事 31. building materials 建筑材料 32. in fact 事实上 33. create a new building 创建一栋新楼 34. in a way 在某种程度上 重点单词用法例析: 1. calculate v. 计算，认为，打算，指望 Have you calculated the result? 你算出结果了吗？ I calculate that well be in time. 我认为我们是来得及的。 The room is not calculated to use like this. 没有打算将这个房间这样用。 We ca

6、nnot calculate on his help. 我们不能指望他的帮助。 【点拨】1. vt 关于，有关 Such people are difficult to deal with. 这种人不好对付。 This book deals with the Middle East. 这本书是关于中东的。 注：区分：deal with 和 do with deal with 常与连接副词 how 连用；do with 常与连接代词 what 连用。 翻译：我不知道怎样对付他。 I dont know how to deal with him. I dont know what to do wi

7、th him. 5. in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上 In a way, it was one of our biggest mistakes. 从某种意义上来说，这是我们犯的最大错误之一。 注：in the/sbs way 挡道，挡路 Youll have to moveyoure in my way. 你得挪一挪，你挡了我的路。 6. make up 化装，化妆；捏造，虚构；整理，收拾 【名师点拨】 make up 1) 为自己 某人化妆 如：She spent an hour making (herself) up before th

8、e party. 她花了一个小时的时间来给自己化妆。 2) 形成、 构成或组成某物 如：What are the qualities that make up her character? 她的人物性格是什么？ 3) 将几种东西放在一起 如：She made up a basket of food for the picnic. 她把野餐的食物都放在篮子里了。 4) 铺（床） ；支起（临时床） 如：We made up the bed in the spare room for our guest. 我们在空房间为客人支起临时的床。 5) 捏造、 虚构某事（尤指为欺骗某人） 如：I could

9、nt remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along. 我不记得讲给小朋友的故事了，所以我编造了一个。 6) 与某人和解或和好 如：Has he made it up with her yet? 他已经和她和好了。 【拓展】 1) be made up of. 作“由组成的”解， 是被动形式。 其主动形式是 make up。 如：This team is made up of ten players. 这个队伍是由 10 个队员组成。 2) be made of 意为“由 做成” ，该短语指成品中可

10、以看出原材料。 如：These bottles are made of glass. 这些瓶子是由玻璃制成。 3) be made from 意为“由做成” ，指成品制成后，已看不出原材料。 如：Gas is made from coal. 天然气是由煤制成。 4) be made into 意为“被做成” ，该短词指某种原料制成某种成品。 如：Stone can be made into bridges. 石头可以被制成桥。 5) be made in 意为“在制造” ，强调产地。 如：This kind of watch is made in China. 这种表是在中国制造。 6) be

11、 made by 意为“由制造” 强调动作发出者。 如：The factory makes this kind of new TV set. 这种电视是由这个厂家制造。 随时练 1. Every time he is late, hell _ an excuse. A. take up B. give up C. send up D. make up 2. Do you believe what he said? I think it is an excuse _ by him. A. made up B. to make up C. make up with D. made of 【解析】1

12、. A 项意为“占据（空间） ”； B 项意为“放弃”C 项意为“发送”D 项意为“编制” 。 2. 过去分词作定语修饰 excuse，说明 excuse 是动作承受者。 【答案】1. D 2. A。 7. after all 毕竟，终究，归根结底；别忘了 So youve come after all. 你终究还是来了。 After all, what does it matter? 归根结底，那又有什么关系呢？ She should have offered to pay- she s a millionaire, after all. 她应该主动提出付款-别忘了， 她是个百万富翁。 【原

13、句回放】 After all, with the help of my computer brain which never forgets anything, intelligence is what Im all about. (p23, line 18) 【点拨】after all 1) 终究； 毕竟 如：I know he hasnt finished the work, but after all, hes done his best. 我知道他没有完成工作，但是毕竟他已经尽力了。 2) 尽管 如： After all our advice, he insists on going.

14、 尽管我们建议了，但是他仍然坚持 执行。 【拓展】all 组成的其它重点短语 above/ beyond all 最重要的是，首先；尤其是，特别是 at all 完全，全然；究竟；竟然；在任何程度上 I didnt enjoy it at all. 我一点都不喜欢它。 first of all 首先 in all 总计；总的说来 There were twelve of us in all for dinner. 我们一共 12 人去用餐 worst of all 最最/特别/最糟糕的是 Not at all. 一点也不；根本不；哪儿的话；别客气；没有什么。 Thats all. 没有别的了；

15、完了；没了别的办法。 随时练 People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. _, she is a great musician. A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. As usual 【解析】答案 A。解题的关键是选项和句子意思的吻合， “人们对 Karen 有不同的 观点，但我还是钦佩她，毕竟她是伟大的音乐家。 ” 【答案】A 8. watch over = take care of 照料，照管 Could you watch over my

16、dog while I am on holiday?我度假的时候，你能帮我照顾我的狗吗？ 9. 比较级 + and + 比较级， “越来越” He ran faster and faster so that I couldnt catch up with him. 他跑得越来越快，我不能赶上他。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们学校变得越来越漂亮了。 10. be the size of “有的大” ，the size 前通常有数词或倍数做定语。 This room is the size of that one. = Thi

17、s room is as big as that one. 这房子和那间房子一样大。 That building being built there is five times the size of this old one. 现在正在被建的那栋房子是 那栋旧房子的五倍一样大。 注：be the length of = be as long as ; be the width of = be as wide as; be the depth of = be as deep as be the height of = be as high as 真题：At a rough estimate,

18、Nigeria is _ Great Britain.(05, 上海) A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 解析：答案：D. 句意：粗略估计，尼日利亚是英国的三倍一样大。 11. deal/ do with 【原句回放】.cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.（p24） 【点拨】 1) 处理某人所提出的问题或任务; 对待、 对付某人： 如：Such peop

19、le are difficult to deal with. 这种人不好对付。 2) 与某人有社交、 商业等关系： 如：We have dealt with the company for 10 years. 我们同那家公司打了十年的交 道了 3) 处理（问题、 任务等） ；料理某事： 如：How shall we deal with the problem? 我们将如何处理这个问题呢? 4) 以某事物作为内容 ; 讨论某事物： 如：This book deals with problems of pollution. 这本书论述污染问题。 【拓展】同义词 do with 处理处置；对待；放置

20、。二者的区别： 1）do with 常与疑问词 what 连用。 如：She didnt know what to do with the rubbish. 她不知道怎么处理那些垃圾。 The woman teacher didnt know what to do with the class. 那个女老师不知道如何管理这个班。 注意：用 do with，不要有被动式。 2）deal with 作“对待，处理”解时，常与 how 连用。 如：He knows well how to deal with thieves. 他知道怎么处理这些小偷。. 注意：deal with 还有个常用意思，即“

21、与交易” ，此时不可和被动语态。 如：Our country has dealt with that country for 20 years. 我们国家已经和这个国家交易了 20 年。 随时练 1. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 【解析】本题考查疑问词+不定式在句中作宾语的用法，由于 do with 是及物动词，

22、 必须有自己的宾语。 【答案】1. C 12. as a result 【原句回放】As a result, I totally changed my shape. (page 18, line 19) 【点拨】as a result 意为结果，为副词用法。 as a result of 意为 “由于 的原因” 。后接名词或代词，相当于 because of。若 表示 “结果；因此”, 可用 as a result。 如：As a result of the Middle East War, a lot of people were away from their home. 由于中东战争的爆

23、发，很多人背井离乡。 It doesnt often rain here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. 这经常不下雨，因此我们不得不给菜园浇水。 随时练 The enemy had to lay down their arms_ the great force of our army. A. as a result B. as a result of C. resulting in D. resulted from 【解析】句意：“敌人不得不放下武器”是“由于我军的强大力量”的结果。C 项是造成的结果。 【答案】B 课

24、文长句难点剖析： 1. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers can be made to work, and built a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem. 剖析：在该句中 My real father was Alan Turing 是主句， who 引导的是定语从句修饰 Alan Turing. 定语从句中状语 to describe 后又带有一个宾语从句。 译文：我真正的父亲是艾伦图

25、灵，他在 1936 年曾写过一本书，书中描述了使用计算机的 方法，并且他还制作了一台“通用机器”来解决数学问题。 2. After all, with the help of my computer brain which never forgets anything, intelligence is what Im all about! 剖析：在该句中 intelligence is .是主句，前面是 with the help of.介词短语，只是在这个 介词短语中用了一个 which 引导的定语从句来修饰先行词 brain。 译文：不管怎样，在我过目不忘的计算机头脑的帮助下，智能就是我的

26、一切。 语法归纳被动语态： 主动形式，被动意义 1 动词不定式主动表被动 1）不定式作定语，和它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构 成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。 I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要参加。 He needs a room to live in. 他需要一间房子住。 2） 在“be + 形容词 + 不定式”结构中，此类形容词常有：big, small, easy, hard, difficult, heavy, light, important, interesting, pleasant, com

27、fortable, safe, dangerous, impossible, nice, beautiful 等。 The water is fit to drink. 这水适合饮用。 The house was difficult to find. 那座房子难找。 3） 不定式与疑问代词连用时。 The question is what to do next. 问题是下步该做什么。 I dont know whom to tell. 我不知道该告诉谁。 4） 某些动词的不定式（如 to blame, to seek, to let 等）与 be 连用时。 The house is to le

28、t. 此房出租。 I felt I was to blame, too. 我觉得我也应受到责备 。 2V-ing 形式主动表被动 1） 在 need, want, require（需要）等后作宾语的-ing 形式的动词，用主动形式表被动意义。 The machines want repairing. = The machines want to be repaired. 机器需要修理。 The walls need painting. = The walls need to be painted. 墙需要粉刷。 2） 在形容词 worth 后，总是用动名词主动形式表被动意义。 This boo

29、k is worth reading. = This book is worthy of being read. = This book is worthy to be done.这本书值得读。 3） 在介词 past 和 beyond 后常用动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 The beauty of West Lake is really beyond painting. 西湖之美，难以描述。 The old house is past repairing. 这座旧房子无法再修了。 4） 少数暗含持续状态的动词的进行时也能表达被动意义。 The books are publishing. 书正

30、在出版中。 3. 当主语是物时，有些表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词可以表达被动意 义。这样的不及物动词有：lock,shut, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, catch, draw,cut, tear, burn, cook, wear, last 等。 The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 This room cleans very easily. 这个房间很容易打扫。 The door wont shut. 这门关不上。 4. 表感觉，状态和特征的连系动词，如 smell, feel, sound

31、, prove, look, taste 等，用主动形式 表被动意义。 His reason sounds reasonable. 他的解释听起来很有道理。 Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸上去很柔软。 Unit3 Computers 一听力 第一节 听下面 5 段对话。 每段对话后有 1 小题，从题中所给的 A、B 、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒 钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. At a hospit

32、al. B. At a department store. C. At a restaurant. 2. How much is the food and drink? A$2.65. B. $2.75. C. $2.95. 3. Whats the man doing? A. Watching TV. B. Turning down the TV. C. Answering the phone. 4. According to the man, what does he like to do if possible? A. To visit museums. B. To make a goo

33、d plan. C. To visit the Modern Museum. 5. What news did the woman get from the man? A. Sam will leave New York very soon. B. Sams sister will leave for Los Angeles very soon. C. Sam s sister will leave for New York very soon. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独

34、 白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5 秒中；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟 的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. Who could the man be? A. A manager. B. A policeman. C. The womans husband. 7. Where was the wallet found? A. In the restroom. B. Under the table. C. On the table. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 三个小题。 8. What are the speakers tal

35、king about? A. Buying a car. B. Choosing a gift. C. Using a computer. 9. What s the relationship between the two“ speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Professor and student. C. Salesman and customer. 10. What do we know about the person mentioned by the speakers? A. Maybe he likes something expensive.

36、B. He is surely over sixty years old. C. He must be fond of learning. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 三个小题。 11. Why does the girl borrow money from her father? A. To see a film. B. To watch a play. C. To go to a concert. 12. How much money does the girl need? A. Eighteen dollars. B. Thirty-six dollars. C. Fift

37、y-four dollars. 13. How many children want to go to the concert? 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 三个小题。 14. What are the two speakers nationalities? A. British and Chinese. B. Chinese and French. C. Chinese and American. 15. What problem was a newspaper article about? A. The problem of rapid growth of cars in c

38、ities in America. B. The problem of rapid growth of cities in America. C. The problem of rapid growth of skyscrapers. 16.Do Americans carry out a birth control policy? A. Yes, they do. B. No, they dont. C. We cant know. 17. What attitudes do most Americans take towards having children? A. Most Ameri

39、cans decide not to have any children. B. Most Americans decide to have as many children as they can. C. Most Americans decide to have only one or two children. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 三个小题。 18. Why does the speaker give the lecture? A. To give some advice on the cycling tour. B. To explain the advanta

40、ges of the cycling tour. C. To tell the listeners what to take for the cycling tour. 19. What should the cyclists not do during the cycling tour? A. Ride as far and quickly as possible. B. Take water in summer. C. Enjoy the riding itself. 20. In cold weather what should cyclists do first when they s

41、top riding? A. Enjoy nature. B. Put on warm clothes. C. Drink plenty of water. 二单项选择 21. The boy was last seen near the West Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D .missed; to play 22. It was dangerous for you to swim in that river. You eaten by the fish. A. might have been B

42、. must have been C. could have been D. should have been 23. Lets hold a party to your birthday and at the same time you on your passing the driving test. A. congratulate; celebrate B. celebrate; celebrate C. celebrate; congratulate D. congratulate; congratulate 24. We walk in the moonlight, talking

43、about we were interested in. A. used to; all what B. were used to; all that C. used to; what D. were used to; what 25. It is a paradox that in a rich country there should be many poor people. A. such; such B. such; so C. so; so D. so; such 26. The boy wanted to ride his fathers new motorcycle in the

44、 crowed street but his father told him . A. not to do B. not to C. not do it D. do not so 27. The students were told that they at the school gate at 2:00 oclock the following afternoon. A. met B. will meet C. were to meet D. were met 28. I couldnt find Peter, did I know where he had gone. A. neither

45、 B. nor C. so D. and 29. Which of the following sentences is right? A. Not only does he know Jim, but also they are good friends. B. Not only he knows Jim, but also are they good friends. C. Not only does he know Jim, but also are they good friends. D. Not only he knows Jim, but also they are good f

46、riends 30. During the football match, he hurt his arm as well as his leg. A. break B. breaks C. breaking D. broke 31. He goes to the gymnasium for physical training day. A. every each B. every one C. each other; D. every other 32. Every four years, athletes from all over the world compete the Olympi

47、c Games the honor of winning. A. in; against B. in; for C. against; in D. for; for 33. The German Nazis were considered the Amber Room during the Second World War. A. to have stolen B. stealing C. having stolen D. to steal 34. The weather turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect. A.

48、 what B. which C. that D. it 35. He had me to come to my birthday party, but he didnt show up. A. allowed B. promised C. wanted D. advised 36. Which of the following sentences is NOT right? A. There is no doubt that you will succeed. B. We have no doubt that you will succeed. C. We dont doubt that you will succeed. D. We don