1、第二章 烷烃作业参考答案 1、共有九种:CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH2 CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3 CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3CH3CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3 CH3 CH3-C-H2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-C-H2-CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2CH2-CH3 CH3-CCH3CH3CH-CH3CH3 2、 (1)3-甲基戊烷 (2)2 ,5- 二甲基-3,4- 二乙基己烷 (3)2,2,3,4-四甲基戊烷 (4)2- 甲
2、基-5-乙基庚烷 (5)2-甲基-3- 环丁基丁烷 (6)顺-1-甲基-3- 乙基环戊烷(7)反-1- 甲基-4-乙基环己烷 (8)1-甲基-4- 乙基-3-叔丁基 环己烷 3、 (1) (2) CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3 CH3-C-H2CH3CH3CH3 (3) (4) CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH3CH3 CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3 CH3H HC(H3)3 4、 (1) (2) CH3CH2-CH3C-CH3H3 CH3-C-H-CH-CH3CH3CH3CH3 CH3-CH-C-H2-CH3CH3 33 CH3-C-H2-CH-CH3CH3CH3CH3 5、
3、 (1)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷 (2)错。改为:2,2,5-三甲基 -4-乙基己烷 (3)正确 (4)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷 6、 (1)改为: HH3CC2H5CH3HH CH3CH2CHCH2CH3CH3 3-甲基戊烷 (2) CH(CH3)2 H3C ClCH3HH CH3-CH2-C-H(CH)2CH3Cl 2,3-二甲基 2-氯丁烷 7、C 1-C2 旋转: OH H H C25 H H OH H HH C2H5 OH H H C2H5H H OH H H HH C2H5 优势构象 C2-C3 旋转: H HH H H HH CH3 CH2OH H H CH3H H CH
4、2OH H H HH CH3 CH2OHH3C CH2OHH 优势构象 8、 (1) (2) (3) CH2CH2CH3 CH2CH3CH3 CH(CH3)2OHCH2CH3H3C 9、 (1)(2) (3)(4) 10、A: B:CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 C:CH3-CH-CH2-CH3CH 3CH3-C-H3CH3CH3 11、 (4) (3) (1) (2) 12、CH 3CH2CH3CH3 Br2 CH3CH 3CH2CH3 14(1) HI CH3-CH-CH2CH3 ICH3 (2) C2H5 CH3H2SO4 CH3-CH2-CCH2CH2CH3CH3OSO3H C
5、H3-CH2-CCH2CH2CH3CH3OHH2O 第三章 烯烃 炔烃 二烯烃习题参考答案 1、 (1)2-甲基-4- 乙基-3-己烯 (2) (Z)-3- 甲基-2-戊烯 (3)4- 甲基-2-丙基-1-戊烯 (4) (Z)-4-甲基-3- 庚烯 (5)2,2- 二甲基-5-乙基-3-庚炔 (6) (E)-3-甲基-2- 溴-2-戊烯 (7) (2Z,4Z)-3 ,5-二甲基 -2,4-庚二烯 (8)3E-2,4- 二甲基-1,3-己二烯 2、 (1) (2) (3) (4) (CH3)2C=CCH2CH3CH3 C=CCl CH3HH3C CH2=C-H=CH2CH3 CH2=CH-CH2
6、-CH=CH2 (5) (6) C=CH3 H3H H2CH2CH3 C=CH3 =CHHH H3H 3、 (1)CH3C=CCH3 Br2 CH3C-CHCH3 BrCl4CH3 CH3Br (2)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH 3 Br2 / H2OCH3-CCH3CH-CH3OH +Br CH3-CCH3CH-CH3BrBr (3)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH 3 ICl CH3-C CH-CH3CH3Cl I (4)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH 3 HBr / CH3-C CH-CH3CH3HBr (5)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH 3 H2SO4 CH3-C CH2-CH3CH3OSO
7、3H H2OCH3-C CH2-CH3CH3OH (6)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3 KMnO4H+ CH3-C=OCH3+CH3COH (7)CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3 O3 CH3CH 3 OOOCHCH3H2O / ZnCH3-C=OCH3+CH3CHO 4、 (1) CH3CH2C=CH HBr(2mol) CH3CH2CCH3BrBr H2O/Hg2+H+CH3CH2COCH3 KMnO4/H+ CH3CH2COH+CO2+H2O CH3CH2C=CH2Ag(NH3)2+ CN (2)H3C+HBr H3CBr (3)CH3-C=H-CH3CH 3 NaCl / H2O+HBr
8、 CH3-C CH2-CH3CH3Br CH3-C CH-CH3CH3Cl+ +CH 3-C CH2-CH3CH3OH (4)CH3-CH=CH2Cl2CH2-CH=CH2Cl CH2=CH-CH=CH2 CH 2Cl (5) CH2=CH-CH=CH2 HCl(1mol)CH3-CH=CH-CH2ClKMnO 4/H+(1)O3 (2)H2O/ZnCO2+H2OC=OHH +O=C-=OHCH2=CHCHO CHO5(1)CH 3-CH2-CH3 CH2=CH-CH3 CH=C-H3a b c KMnO4/H+ b, c aAg(NH3)2+ cb (2) CH3-CH2- a CH2=CH
9、-CH2-CH2CH3bC=C-H2-CH2CH3c CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3d a b,c,dKMnO4/HAg(NH 3)2c b,d S d bCH HCCHHCCHCH CCOOO CH3 6、 (1)CH3C CH3CH3+CH3-CH-CH2-CH3+ CH3-CH-CH2CH3+ (2) CH2=CHCH2 +CH3CHCH3+ CH3CH2CH2+CH3+ (3) CH2+H3C CH2+ CH2+O2N 7、用浓 H2SO4 8、 (1) (2 ) (3 ) C=CH-CH3H3CH3C CH3CHCH2CH=CH2CH2CH3 CH3 9、 (3) 、 (4)具有共
10、轭体系;(2)具有缺电子的 p共轭体系; (3)具有多电子的 p共轭体系;(1) 、 (4)具有共轭体系; 10、(A) CH3 (B)CH3-CH2-CH-CH3CH 3 (C)CH3CH2CH=CH2(C)CH3CH2CH=CH2(A) CH3HBr (B)CH3-CH2-CH-CH3Br HBr 11、(A)CH3CH=CHCH(CH3)2 (B)CH3CH2CH=C(H3)2(C)CH 3CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 12、 CH3CH-CH2C=CHA: B:CH3-C=CH2-CH=CH2CH3 CH3 13、 Cl2 Cl Br2CH2CHCH2Br BrCl(1)CH2=CHC
11、H3 CH2=CHCH2 Cl2 Cl HBrH2O2CH2CH2CH2Br Cl(2)CH2=CHCH3 CH2=CHCH2(3)CH 3C=CH+H2OH2SO4, HgSO4CH3-C-H3O 14、 O1 2H2C3COH4 OOO 15、CH3C=CH H3C CH2CH2C=CHCH3CH3 第四章 芳香烃作业参考答案 1、 (1)邻硝基甲苯 (2)3-羟基苯磺酸 (3)3- 甲基-4-氯苯甲酸 (4)1,4-二甲基萘 (5)4-甲基-3- 苯基-1-戊烯 (6)6-氯-2- 萘酚 2、 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) COHNO 2 CH=CH2Cl SO3HCH 3Cl
12、 NO2 CH3CH(CH 3)2CH2CH3 (6)H3COCl COH 3、 (1)COHCl2Fe COHCl (2) CH3 Cl HNO3H2SO4CH3Cl CH3ClO2NNO2 + (3) CH(CH3)2Cl2 C(H3)2Cl (4) OCH3+(CH 3CO)2OAlCl3OCH3C-H3O OCH3+C-H3O (5) C(H3)3CH 2CH2CH3KMNO4H+ C(H3)3COH (6) CH2CH=CH2CH2CH3KMNO4H+ COHCOH (7)CH 3CH2CH2CH2Cl+ AlCl3 CH-CH2CH3CH3 (8) CH2CH3HNO3H2SO4C
13、H2CH3NO 2 KMNO4H+ COHNO 2 Br2Fe COHNO2Br 4、 (1) OHCH3 Cl NO2 (2) CH3 CH3 CH3COHCH 3 COHCOH COH 5、 (1) KMnO4H Br2(H2O)abc + :ba,c CH3 CH3a b c :ca (2) Br2 Ag(NH3)2abc :b,ca + CH2CH3 CH=CH2 C=CHa b c Cl4 Cb 6、 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) OHCl CH3 Cl CH3COH NHCOCH3NO 2 CH3SO 3H (6) (7) (8) (9) OCH3COH OHCH 3 C
14、OHNO2 OHNO 2 7、 (1) AlCl3+CH 3Br CH3KMNO4H+ COHNO3H2SO4 COHNO2 (2) AlCl3+CH 3Br CH3Cl2Fe CH3Cl Cl2 CH2ClCl (3) +(CH3CO)2OAlCl3 C-H3O Br2Fe C-H3O Br (4) AlCl 3 CH3Cl2 CH2Cl Fe CH2CH3Cl (5) AlCl 3 CH3CH3Cl Br2Fe CH3BrKMnO4H+ COHBr NO3H2SO4 COHBrNO2 (6) AlCl 3 CH3CH3Cl AlCl3CH3Cl CH3CH3HNO3H2SO4 CH3CH3
15、NO2KMnO4H+ COHCOHNO2 8、有芳香性的是:(2) , (4) , (5) , (8) 9、 CH3 CH2CH3 10、C=CHCH3 A H2Ni CH2CH3CH3B K2Cr2O7H+ COHCOH-H2O CCOOOC D 第五章旋光异构作业参考答案 2、对:(6) (7) 。错:(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) 3、有旋光性的为:(1) (2) (4) (5) 4、 (1) (2) (3) (4) HBrCH2BrCH3 Cl HBr HC3CH31234 HBrBr HCOHCOH1234 H3CHCC2H5CH H H3C 注:旋光异构体的数目略。
16、 5、 (1)R-氟氯溴甲烷 (2)S-3- 羟基-2- 戊酮 (3)2R ,3S-2,3,4- 三羟基丁醛 (4)R-2-氨基-2- 苯基乙酸 (5)2R ,3R-3-氯-2-丁醇 (6) COHH BrBr COH Br HBr H COCOH123 42R ,3S-2,3-2S ,3R2,3- 6、 (1)都是 S- ,所以是相同的。 (2)分别为:2R ,3S- 和 2S ,3R- ,所以是对映体关系 (3) 分别为:2R ,3S-和 2R ,3R- ,所以是非对映体关系 (4)一个为 R-,另一个为 S-, 所以是对映 体关系. 7、 A:CH3CH2-C-H=CH2OHCH3 B:
17、 OHCH3CH3CH2-C-H2-CH3 8、CH 3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3A H2SO4H2OCH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3OHBKMnO4/OH- CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-CH3OHOH * C HOHHOHC2H5C2H5C 第六章 卤代烃习题参考答案 1、 (1)2-甲基-1- 氯丙烷(伯卤代烷) (2)2-甲基 2-溴丁烷(叔卤代烷) (3)2,2-二甲基 4-溴戊烷(仲卤代烷) (4)Z-2-甲基-1-溴-2- 戊烯(烯丙基型) (5)Z(顺)-3-甲基-2- 氯-2-戊烯(乙烯型) (6)3-甲基-4- 溴-1-丁烯(隔离型卤代烃) (7
18、)对-氯甲苯(乙烯型) (8)1- 苯基-1-溴丙烷(烯丙基型) 2、 (1) (2) (3) (4) CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3BrBr CH3-C C CH2-CH3ClCH3Cl CH3 CH=CH-CH2Cl CH=CH-CH2Br (5) (6) (7) (8) C=CH3Cl CH3H C=ClHHC=HClH CH3Cl CH2Br 3、 (1)CH3Cl CH2Cl Cl Cl CH3a b c d abc dAgNO3 b a c, dKMnO4H+ dc (2)CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH 3Cl CH2=CHCl CH2=CH-C-H3ClCH3a b ca bc
19、AgNO3 cab (3)CH2=CH-CH-CH3Cl CH2=CH-CH-CH3I AgNO3 CH2=CH-CH-CH3ICH2=CH-CH-CH3Cl 4、 (1)CH2-CH-CH2CH3CH 3Br CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3Br CH3-C-H2CH3CH3Br (2) CH2-CH2-CH2CH3BrCH3-C-H3CH 3Br CH3-CH2-CH-CH3Br (3) CH2-CH2-CH2CH3BrCH2-CH2-CH2CH3I CH2-CH2-CH2CH3Cl (4) CH3-C-H2CH3CH3Br CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3Br CH2-CH-CH2CH3
20、CH3Br 5、 (1)CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH 3Cl NaOHCH3-C=CH-CH3CH3 Br2 CH3-C-H-CH3CH3Br Br NaOHCH2=C-H=CH2CH 3 (2)Cl CH2Cl+NaCNCl CH2CNH2OH+Cl CH2COH (3) CH2Br+Mg CH2MgBr(1)CO2(2)H2O CH2COH (4) CH-CH3Br NaOH CH=CH2HBr CH2-CH2Br CH3ONa CH2-CH2OCH 3 (5) CH3BrNaOH CH3KMnO4 H+ CH3-C-H2-CH2-CH2-C-OHO O 6、 (1)CH2=CH2Br2
21、Br-CH2-CH2-BrNaCNNC-H2-CH2-CNH2OH+ HOC-H2CH2-COH (2)CH3-CH2-CH-CH3Br NaOHCH3-CH=CH-CH3KMnO4H+ CH3COH (3) CH2=CH2 HCl CH3-CH2Cl NaCH3-CH2-CH2CH3 (4)CH3-CH2CH2-ClNaOHCH3-CH=CH2HCl CH3-CH-CH3Cl NH3CH3-CH-CH3NH 3 (5) CH2-CH-CH3CH3Br NaOHCH2=C-H3CH3 HBr CH3-C-H3CH3Br NaCNCH3-C-H3CH3CNH 2OH+ CH3-C-H3CH3CO
22、H (6)CH 3-C=CH2CH3 HBr CH3-CH-CH2BrCH3 NaCNCH3-CH-CH2CNCH3 H2OH+CH3-CH-CH2COHCH3 7、CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH 3Br NaOHCH3-C=CH-CH3CH3 HBrA B CH3-C-H2-CH3CH3BrNaOH CCH3-C=CH-CH3CH3 KMnO4H+CH3-C=OCH3+CH3COH 8、ACH3CHCH=CH2Br BCH3CH-CHCH2BrBrBr CCH2=CH-CH=CH2 第七章 醇 酚 醚习题参考答案 1、 (1)4-基-2-己醇 (2)2- 甲基-2-丙烯基-3-戊烯-1-醇
23、(3)2,4-己二醇 (4)3-环己烯-1-醇 (5)4-苯基-2-戊醇 (6)E-5-甲基-4-庚烯-3-醇 (7)4-甲基苯酚 (8)对甲氧基苯甲醇 (9)苯乙醚 (10)1,2-环氧丁烷 2、 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) CH3-C-OHCH3CH3 H3COCH2OHOHCH3 H3C OH CH2OH (6) COHOH 3、 (1) (CH3)3C-OH+HBr (CH3)3C-Br+H2O (2) OH +HCl()ZnCl2 Cl (3) CH3-CH-O-CH3 CH3 +HI() CH3-CH-OHCH3+CH3I (4) CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH
24、3 OHK2Cr2O7H+ CH3-CH-CH2-C-H3CH3O (5) CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH+SOCl2 CH3CH2CH2CH2-Cl (6)CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3OHH2SO4170CO CH3-C=CH-CH3CH 3 KMnO4 / H+CH3-C=OCH3+CH3COH (7) OH C2H5H2SO4 C2H5(1)O3(2)Zn / H2OCH3CH2-C-H2CH2CH2CHOO (8) O+CH3CH2CH2CH2OH CH2-CH2OHOCH 2CH2CH2CH3 (9)H 3C OHBr2H3C OHBrBr (10) OHNaOH ONaCH3B
25、r OCH3HI OH+CH3I 4、 (1)1,4-丁二醇 正辛醇 3-己醇 2-甲基-2-戊醇 正己烷 (2) 碳酸邻甲苯酚 水苯甲醇 苯甲醚 2,4-二硝基苯酚邻硝基苯酚苯酚邻甲苯酚 (3) 5、 (1)CH3CH2OCH2CH3 CH2-CH2CH2CH3Br CH2-CH2CH2CH3OH CH2-CH2CH=CH2OHa b c d abc dAgNO3 bacd a cdBr2 daNa (2)abc dAgNH32 dabcK 2Cr2O7H+ abc (3) CH2-CH-CH2OHOHOH OHOHCu(OH) 2 CH2-CH-CH2OHOHOH OHOHFeCl3 OH
26、 OH 6、分子间的氢键:(1) 、 (4) 。分子内的氢键:(2) 、 (3) 7、 、 (1)NaCN CH3CH2CH2CH2CNH3O+ CH3CH2CH2CH2COH (2)CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH2SO4170OCCH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH3OH CuCH3CH2-C-H3O (3) CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHHBr CH3CH2-CH2-CH2Br CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH2SO4170OCCH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH3OHH2SO4 170OCCH3CH=CH-CH3Br2CH3
27、CH-CH-CH3BrBr NaOHC2H5OHCH2=CH-CH=CH2 (4)CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH2SO4170OCCH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH3OH H2SO4170OCCH3CH=CH-CH3O3H2O/ZnCH3CHO 8、 (1)CH3-CH2-CH2OHH2SO4170OCCH3-CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3-CH-CH3OHK2Cr2O4H+CH3COCH3 (2) OHNa ONaCH3CH2I OC2H5 (3)CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH2SO4170OCCH3CH2-CH=CH2HCl CH3CH2-CH-CH
28、3Cl NaCNCH3CH2-CH-CH3CN (4) CH3OHH2SO4170 OC CH3KMnO4H+CH3-C-H2CH2CH2COHO 9、 OCH3A HI OH+CH3IB C OHNaOHONaB CH3ICAgNO3CH3ONO2+AgI 10、 CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHCl CH3CH2-CH2-CH2ClZnCl2A B CH3CH2-CH=CH2H2SO4170OC NaOH/C KMnO4H+ CH3CH2COH+CO2H2OHCl/ZnCl2CH 3CH2-CH-CH3Cl E 第八章 醛、酮、醌习题参考答案 1、 (1)2-甲基丙醛 (2)4-甲基-2-
29、羟基苯甲醛 (3)5-甲基 2己烯醛 (4)3-甲基-2- 丁酮 (5)2 ,4-己二酮 (6)2-甲基 4-戊酮-1-醛 (7)2-甲基-1,4- 环己二酮 (8)水合甲醛 2、 (1) (2) (3) CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CHOCH3 CH3-CH-CH2-C-H3CH3 O Br C-H3O (4) (5) (6) CH=N-OH CH3-C=CH3N-H- NH-C-NH2O 3、 (1)CH3-CH-CH2CH3OH CuCH3-C-H2CH3O HCNCH3-C-H2-CH3OHCN H2OH+CH3-C-H2-CH3OHCOH (2)CH 3-C-H2CH2CH3O +
30、H2N-H-O2NNO2 CH3-C=NH-O2NNO2H3CH2CH2C (3)CH3CH2CH2CHO+CH3CH2MgBrCH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3OMgBr H2O/H+CH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3OH (4) (CH3)3CHOOH- (CH3)3CO (CH3)3CH2OH+- (5) CHO+HCHOOH- CH2OH+ HCO- (6)CH=CHH2OHgSO 4,H2SO4CH3CHOI2NaOHCI3CHONaOHCHI3+HCO- (7)(CH3)3C-CH3O I2NaOH(CH3)3C-OO-+CHI3 (8)CH3CHOHO-CH2CH2HH+CH
31、 3CHOO (9)2CH3CH2CHOOH-CH3CH2CH-CH-CHO CH3OH CH3CH2CH=C-HOCH3 (10) C-H3+CH3MgBrO (1)(2)H 2O/H+ C-H3OHCH3 4、 (1)cadb (2) abdc 5、 (1)CH2=CH2+H2OH2SO4CH3CH2OHCu CH3CHOOH- CH3-CH=CH-CHOH2Ni CH3-CH2CH2CH2OH (2)CH 3C-HOHCNOH- CH3-CH-CNOHH2O/H+CH3-CH-COHOH (3)CH3CH=CH2HBr CH3-CH2-CH2BrH2O2 MgCH3-CH2-CH2MgB
32、rHCHO CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OMgBrH2OCH3CH2CH2CH2OH (4)CH 3CHOOH-CH3CHCH2CHOOH HO-CH2CH2HOHCl CH3CHCH2CHOH O-CH2CH2O KMnO4H+CH 3CH2CHO O-CH2CH2O H+H2O CH3CH2CHOO (5)CH3CHCH3OHHBrCH3-CH-CH3Br MgCH3-CH-CH3MgBr CH3CHCH3OHCuCH3CH3O CH3-CH-CH3MgBr H2OCH3C-H-CH3H3 CH3OH (6) +CH3CH2-C-XOAlCl3 C-H2CH2CH3O H2N-H2,N
33、aOHHOCH 2CH2)2O, CH2CH2CH2CH3 (7)CH3CH2OHHBr CH3CH2BrNa CH3CH2CH2CH3Cl2 CH3CH2CHCH3Cl NaOHH2OCH3CH2CHCH3OH 1CH3CH2MgBr/CuCH3CH2CH3O2H2O CH3CH2C-H2CH3CH3OH (8) -CH3CH=CH2 HBr CH3-CH2-CH2BrH2O2 NaOHH2OCH3CH2CH2OHCuCH3-CH2CHOOH-CH 3-CH2-CH=C-HOCH3LiAlH4CH3-CH2-CH=C-H2OHCH3 6、 (1) HCHOCH3CHOCH3-C-H3O C-
34、H2-CH3Oa b c d abc d ab Cd ba I2NaOH H+ cd (2)CH3CH2CH2CH2CHOCH3C-H2CH2CH3O CH3CH2-C-H2CH3OCH 3CHC2CH2CH3OHa b cd abc d bI 2NaOH b,da,cdaC (3) CHO C-H3O CHOHOa b c abcFeCl3 cabI 2NaOHba (4) CH3-CH2CHOCH3C-H3O C-H3Oa b ca b I2NaOH b,Ca cbc NaHSO3 7CH3-CH2-C-H-CH3CH 3O H2NOHCH3-CH2-C-H-CH3CH3NOHH2/Ni
35、CH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH3CH3OHH 2SO4CH3-CH2-CH=C-H3 CH3 (1)O3(2)Zn/H2OCH3-CH2CHO+O=CCH3CH3Ag(NH3)2+CH3-CH2CONH3 +Ag I2/NaOHCH3CONa+CHI3 8、 CH3-C-H2-CH2-CH=CCH3CH3OA KMnO4/H+CH3-C-H2-CH2COHO +CH3-C-H3OB C CH3-C-H2-CH2COHOB I2/NaOHNaOC-H2CH2-CONa+CHI3 (ACH3-C=C-H2CH2CHOCH3CH3 ) 9、 CH2-C-H3 OCH3 OLiAlH4 CH2-CH
36、-CH3 OCH3 OH A BHI CH2-C-H3OHO +CH3I C Zn-HgHCl CH2-CH2-CH3OCH 3D CH2-C-H3OCH 3 O A H2NOH CH2-C-H3OCH 3 N-OH A CH2-C-H3OCH 3 O A I2NaOH CH2-C-ONaOCH 3 O+CHI3 CH2-CH-CH3OCH 3 OH B I2NaOH CH2-C-ONaOCH 3 O+CHI3 第九章 羧酸、羧酸衍生物及其衍生物作业参考答案 1、 (1)4-甲基-3- 氯戊酸 ( 2) (E)-2-羟基-3-戊烯酸 (3)4- 甲基 1,3-苯二甲酸 (4)4-甲氧基苯乙酰氯
37、 ( 5)苯甲酸苯甲酯 (6)-乙基-丁内酰胺 (7)2-甲基顺丁烯二酸酐 (8)2R,3S-3-甲基-2-羟基丁二酸单甲酯 (9) (10) (11) CH-COHCH-COHHOHO CH3-C-H2-C-OC2H5OO HOC-CH2-COHO (12) CCOONH 2、 (1)H-C-OHOa COHCOHHCOHCH3COHb c d abc dKMnO4H+ a b c d Ag(NH3)2+ Ag: a cb24ac (2) COH COHHa b cCH=CH-COH abcFeCl3 ca b a bKMnO4H+ (3) a b c CH3-C-OHO CH3-C-H3O
38、 CH3CH2COHa bcI2 / NaOH c a b ba (4)OCH 3-CH2-C-H2-CH3O CH3-C-H2CH2CH3O CH3-C-H2-C-H3OOa b c d abc dI2 / NaOH cd ab FeCl3 dc NaHSO3 aB 3、 (1)丁烯二酸丁二酸 丁酸 (2) 2-氟丙酸2-羟基丙酸丙酸2-甲基丙酸 (3)乙二酸氯乙酸苯甲酸 乙酸丙酸 4、 (1) (2) CH=CHCH2OHCH 2CH2OH CH2CH2COHCH 2CH2OH (3) C-OMgBrO H2SO4H2O C-OHOCH3OHCO2 C-OCH3O 注:(4)以下答案在下页
39、 第十章 含氮和含磷化合物作业参考答案 1、 (1)1-硝基丙烷 (2)对硝基甲苯 (3)乙异丙基胺 (4)N- 甲基苯胺 (5)1,4-丁二胺 (6)溴化对甲基重氮苯 (7)2,4-二硝基苯肼 (8)丁二酰亚胺 (9)7-氯-1-萘胺 (10)N-亚硝基二乙胺 2、 (1) (2) (3) CH3-CH-CH-CH2CH3CH3NO2 (CH3CH2CH2CH2)3N ON NH2 (4) (5) (6) CH2-CH2NH2NH2 N-CH(CH3)2CH3H3CC2H5 OH N-CH3CH3HOH2CH2C3 OH (7) (8) (9) N-CH3CH3H3C-O-CH2CH2CH3
40、 OHO NH2 O2N NH-CH2CH3 (10) CH2NH2 3、 (1) 54123 (2)41532 4、 (1) CH3CH2NH3Cl (2) N-CH(CH3)2C2H5C2H5 25 BrAgOH N-CH(CH3)2C2H5C2H525 OH (3) H3CN-C-H3OCH 3 (4) CH3BrBr2FeBr3 HNO3H2SO4 CH3BrNO2FeHCl CH3BrNH2NaO2+HCl0-5oC CH3BrN=NCl Cu2(CN)2CH3BrCN 5、 (1) NH2 OH NH2a b ca bcFeCl3 ba c aBr2 c (2) CH3NHCH2C
41、H2CH3CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 (CH3)2NCH2CH3a b ca bcHNO2 bac 6、ab c ca bSO2Cl NaOHa bab 7、 (1) CH3COHNH3 CH3CONH3 CH3C-NH2OBr2NaOHCH3NH2 (2) NO2HNO3H2SO4 FeHCl NH2HNO3H2SO4 NH2NO2NaO2+HCl0-5oC N=NNO2+Cu2(CN)2CNNO2 H2Ni CH2NH2NO2 (3) CH3HNO3H2SO4 CH3NO2FeHCl NH2CH3NaO2+HCl0-5oC N=NCH3+ OHOH- H3CN=N- OH (4) CH
42、3HNO3H 2SO4 CH3NO2FeHCl CH3NH2HNO3H2SO4 CH3NH2NO2NaO2+HCl0-5oCCH3 N=NNO2+ H3PO2H2OCH3NO2FeHCl CH3NH2 (5)CH3CH2OHHBrCH3CH2BrNa CH3CH2CH2CH3Br2 CH3CHCH2CH3Br NH3 CH3CHCH2CH3NH2 (6) NO2HNO3H 2SO4 FeHCl NH2HNO3H2SO4 NH2NO2 (7) NO2HNO3H 2SO4 FeHCl NH2 NH2Br2Br BrBr NaO2+HCl0-5oC N=NBr BrBr+H3PO2 H2OBr Br
43、Br (8) HNO3H 2SO4 NO2FeHCl NH2NO3H2SO4 NH2FeHClNO2 NH2NH2HNO2 OHOH 8、CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3 NH2A HNO2 CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3OHB H2SO4CH3-CH-CH=CH-CH3CH3C I2NaOHCH 3-CH-CH2-CONaCH3CHI3+ KMnO4/H +CH 3COHCH3-CH-COHCH3+ 9、 35.x =52.6%x=67.5CH3NH3Cl CH3-C-NH-CH3O 10、A:CH3-CH-CH2NH2CH 3 B:CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 C:CH3CH2-N-CH3CH3 第十一章 杂环化合物习题参考答案 1、命名下列化合物: (1)2- 呋喃甲酸 (2)3-甲基吡咯 (3)3- 噻吩磺酸 (4)3-吡啶甲酰胺 第十三章 碳水化合物习题参考答案 第十四章 氨基酸、蛋白质习题参考答案
Copyright © 2018-2021 Wenke99.com All rights reserved
工信部备案号:浙ICP备20026746号-2
公安局备案号:浙公网安备33038302330469号
本站为C2C交文档易平台,即用户上传的文档直接卖给下载用户,本站只是网络服务中间平台,所有原创文档下载所得归上传人所有,若您发现上传作品侵犯了您的权利,请立刻联系网站客服并提供证据,平台将在3个工作日内予以改正。