句子的构成.ppt

1、,中考报告会 陕师大锦园中学 张炜,学习必备,红笔，黑笔字典（中考必备单词）生词本，纠错本笔记记在课本上建立一个班级的英语群,课本的笔记,笔记红笔标注在报纸或资料上,基础知识学习技巧,单词-短语-句子-篇（阅读，写作）,单词,1.名词，一个东西的名称(主语，宾语）2.代词，代替名词（主语，宾语）3.形容词，形容和修饰名词（定语，表语）4.动词，表示动作的词 (谓语动词，非谓语动词）,词性,5.副词，修饰动词，形容词，副词（状语）6数词，表示数量的词（定语）7.冠词-给名词带帽子（放在名词前，修饰名词，熟悉的人带定冠词the，不熟悉的戴不定冠词a，an）8.连词-连接名词，代词，动词，句子。（a

2、nd，but，or，so)(连接相同的词性）,-女-Lucy-女儿,学生,nice-形容词-美好的(定语，表语）1）A nice girl is over there.（定语）2)The girl is nice.（表语）,girl名词女孩（主语，宾语）1）The girl is nice.（主语）2)We love the girl. (宾语）,单词-音节-词性-短语important im-por-tant (import importance)be important to sbinteresting in-teres-ting (interest interested )be inte

3、rested in satisfaction sa-tis-fac-tion（satisfy satisfied）difficult di-ffi-cult (difficulty )have difficulty in doing different di-ffe-rent (difference differ differently）be different fromsuccess suc-ces (succeed successful successfully)care-careful-carefully-careless-carelessly care about,单词记忆,quite

4、 quiet borrow lend alone lonely except besidesinformation messagehistory= his+(s)torytake bring housework ,homework,单词辨析,1.老师读单词，学生根据发音拼读出英语单词2.领读单词时2遍英语一遍汉语，（随风潜入夜，润物细无声)。让没有跟上的同学知道读到哪里。3.听写单词，序号，英语，汉语。4.总结出生字本，不会的单词标记在生字本上。5.买一本中考必备单词手册，看三遍；中考说明中的必考单词，看英语写出汉字,短语,短语辨析,a little， little , a few ， few

5、stop to do , stop doingIn front of , in the front ofanother three =three more(三毛)sometime sometimes some time some timestoo much ,much too , too manytry to do, try doing,短语的类型1.介词短语2.名词短语3动词短语4.be+形容词+介词,中考考查方式1.同一动词+不同成分2不同动词+同一介词（副词）3.不同动词+不同介词（副词）4动词短语的拼写,be + adj + prep,be worried about be serio

6、us about be relaxed about be knowledgeable aboutbe angry with sb be annoyed with be mad at sb be pleased withbe busy with be strict with sb in sthbe happy with be good withbe crowded with be satisfied withbe full of be tired of be confident of be proud of,bring up , call sb up , cheer up , come up w

7、ith , cut up , dress up , end up with , fix up , get up give up , grow up , hang up hurry up , make up one s mind clean up, make up , mix up , open up pick up , ring up , set up show up , stay up, think up turn up , use up , wake up,v + up,take 短语分类,take a photo, take a shower, take a vacation, take

8、 a walk , take after, take an interest intake away, take care of, take care , take down , take it easy, take notes take off , take out, take part in , take place , take pride in , take uptake a message , take a triptake ones temperature,.用手机，MP3，录音笔，读并且录下来，上学放学路上可以听，,take 短语分类,take a photo, take a s

9、hower, take a vacation, take a walk , take after, take an interest intake away, take care of, take care , take down , take it easy, take notes take off , take out, take part in , take place , take pride in , take uptake a message , take a triptake ones temperature,.用手机，MP3，录音笔，读并且录下来，上学放学路上可以听，,take

10、 短语分类,take a photo, take a shower, take a vacation, take a walk , take after, take an interest intake away, take care of, take care , take down , take it easy, take notes take off , take out, take part in , take place , take pride in , take uptake a message , take a triptake ones temperature,.用手机，MP

11、3，录音笔，读并且录下来，上学放学路上可以听，,1.学生总结每个单元的短语，黑板上或者多媒体上打出来2.最后在把总结出的所有短语进行打印。早读和课前进行朗读3，汇总短语，分类短语。名词，动词，介词等4.做题时遇到短语，用红笔划出并标注汉语意思5短语竞赛（每组轮流进行比赛）,短语记忆,句子,句子类型,祈使句 简单句 并列句 复合句,Types of a family家庭的类型,1.妈妈孩子（mom and children)2丈夫妻子(husband and wife)3爸爸妈妈孩子(dad mom children)4.一个家庭，and（or,but,so )一个家庭5爷爷奶奶和我家(gran

12、dparents s and my family),句子类型=家庭类型,祈使句= 妈妈孩子（动宾）简单句=（丈夫+妻子）；（主谓） =（爸爸+妈妈+孩子）（主谓宾）并列句=我家，（or,but,and ,so) 叔叔家复合句=爷爷奶奶+（引导词）我家,祈使句,1.妈妈孩子（mom and children),=祈使句（ 动词原形+宾语） Open the door ,please Clean the room.,简单句,二人世界(husband and wife),=主+谓（名词+ 动词） I do. He runs. They cry.,爸爸妈妈孩子(dad mom children),=主

13、谓宾（名词+ 动词+ 名词) My mom likes bananas. Tom cleans the room. We do our homework.,并列句,一个家庭and /or/but/so 我家,并列句 1.祈使句 or/and 主谓宾 2.主谓宾or/and/but/so 主谓 3主谓宾 or/and/but /so主谓宾1）Hurry up , or you will be late .1）Work hard and you will make much progress.2）He likes English and I do ,too.2）I like apples but

14、he doesnt. 3）I d love to go there but I dont have time.3）The dress was very expensive, so I didnt buy it.,复合句,复合句=主谓(宾)that , when,if ,where,what, who,how 主谓宾 I wonder if he can come. I know that he will come. If he comes , I will come. When the teacher came, I was reading.主句的时态决定从句的时态。,爷爷奶奶和我家,学习英语

15、的小技巧,连系动词,一是 一觉 一保持起来四个，好像变了四个一是（be am is are was ,were)一觉（feel）一保持（keep）起来四个（sound ，taste，look，smell）好像（seem）变了四个（become，get ，turn，go),基数词变序数词,一二三，特殊记。（first ,second ,third)八减t ，九去e(eighth ,ninth)Ve要用f替。(five-fifth , twelve-twelfth)末尾th末忘记。遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。23 （twenty-third)56(fifty-sixth),以O结尾名词的+es,黑

16、人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆黑人 negro 英雄 hero 西红柿tomato土豆 potato,表时间的介词,年 月 日 季 时（in， in ， on, in , at)in 1993-in May ,1993-on May 1st 1993-in Summer-at seven oclock,f或fe结尾的变复数,树叶一半自己黄，妻子拿刀去杀狼，架后小偷逃命忙树叶（leaf-leaves） 一半 half-halves自己（self-selves） 妻子（wife-wives）刀（knife-knives) 狼（wolf-wolves）架（shelf-shelves） 小偷（thief-th

17、ieves）命（life-lives）,量词的单复数,two hundred , hundreds of three million millions of four thousand thousands of five billion billions of 前有后没有，前没有后有,一般疑问句的变化,一找（加），二提，三变，四问I can swim.He is swimming.She has finished her homework.They will go on vacation this summer.He has some money .,一般疑问句的变化,一找/加(找助动词，系动

18、词，情态动词，加do,does,did)I can swim.He is swimming.She has finished her homework.They will go on vacation this summer.He (does)has some money .,一般疑问句的变化,二提，can I swim.is He swimming.has She finished her homework.willThey go on vacation this summer.(does) He has some money .,一般疑问句的变化,三变(大小写，单三，some-any，人称

19、）Can you swim.Is he swimming.Has she finished her homework.Will they go on vacation this summer.(Does) he have any money .,一般疑问句的变化,四，问Can you swim？Is he swimming？Has she finished her homework？Will they go on vacation this summer？(Does) he have any money ？,特殊疑问句的变化,一找 ，二加，三减，I can swim.He is swimmin

20、g in the river.They will go on vacation this summer.He went to school by bus .She has finished her homework.,特殊疑问句的变化,一找疑问词 (when,what ,who,where,how，whose,which)I can swim.(What)He is swimming in the river.(Where)They will go on vacation this summer.(When)He went to school by bus .（How）She has fini

21、shed her homework.（Who）,特殊疑问句的变化,二,加一般疑问句 What Where When How Who,can you swim?,1，I can swim.,2，He is swimming in the river.,is he swimming in the river?,3，They will go on vacation this summer.,will they go on vacation this summer?,4，He went to school by bus .,did he go to school by bus ?,5，She has

22、finished her homework.,has she finished her homework?,特殊疑问句的变化,三，减划线部分1.What can you ？2.Where is he swimming ?3.When will they go on vacation ?4.How did he go to school ?5.Who has finished her homework?,(如果划线部分是动词时，要用do代替原动词）,swim,do,in the river,this summer,by bus,she,特殊疑问句的变化,三，减划线部分1.What can you

23、 do ?(如果划线部分是动词时，要用do代替原动词）2.Where is he swimming ?3.When will they go on vacation ?4.How did he go to school ?5.Who has finished her homework?,（如果划线部分是主语时，只需要用相应的特殊疑问词替代划线部分即可）,He went to school by bus. Who went to school by bus?,玩中学，利用一些话题，可以在动手中练习了语言,制作三明治,在平时的教学中可以让学生多动手，玩中学,指路，以教室为为城市，摆出街道，命名街道

24、，把学生作为建筑,问路用语Excuse me ,where is .?How can I get to.?Could you tell me how to get to the.?How far is it?,指路用语Its over there on the left/right.Its next to the ./in front of the./behind the /outside the /between .andIts at the end of the street .Walk/Go along /down the road/the street ,and take the se

25、cond turning on the left/rightYoud better take a bus.Go across the bridage.Turn left/right at the second crossing.Ita about two kilometers/about 20 minutes walk.,Park, bank, school, post office,my house ,supermarket, hospital,airport, bus station, train station.Guangming Road , Rinmin Street.,购物（英语月

26、）跳蚤市场,篇,阅读技巧,在平时教学中，利用课本上阅读材料，编写成任务型阅读和挖空变成短文填空或者完形填空。并且指导学生学生怎样自己编写题。,编题要求,完形填空名词 （1）代词 （2）连词 （1）形容词（1-3）副词（1）动词（3-4）,短文填空形容词(2)动词(3)名词(3)代词数词,学生作品,八（上） Unit6 SectionB 任务型阅读,Do you know what a resolution is ? 1)It is a kind of promise.Most of the time, we make promises to other people . However , 1

27、)Promises you make to yourself are resolutions , and 2)the most common kind is New Years resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions.When2) we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going 4)to improve our lives. Some people 5)write down their

28、 resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions .5) Others tell their family and friends about their withes and plans1.What is a resolution? _.2.The most common resolution is _.3. We make resolutions at_.4.Why do people make resolutions?_.5.How do people rem

29、ember their resolutions? Some_and others_,八（下）UNit7 SectionB 3a 短文填空,One of the worlds most dangerous sports is moutain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest a

30、nd is the most famous.It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. Thick coluds cover the top and snow and fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard for us to take in air as you get near the top.,八年级上 Un

31、it3 SectionB 2b 完形填空,It is not 1 to be the same . My best friend Larry is quite 2 from me . We both like 3,but he plays tennis better, so he always 4 5 , Larry often helps to 6 the best in me .So I am getting better 7tennis. Larry is much8 hard-working, though . I always get 9grades than he 10 so ma

32、ybe I should help him more.1.A.good. B.difficult C.impossible D.necessary 2.A.similar B.different C.the same D.easy3.A.study B.food C.sports D.music 4.A.wins B.beats Closes D.gets5.A.but B.though CHowever D.Then 6.A.get out B.bring up C.take out D.bring out7.A.at B.in C out D.of 8.A.more B.less C.mu

33、ch D.little9.A.worse B.best C.better D worst 10A.get B.do C.gets D.does,阅读方法,1.先读题干，再带着问题看文章，把不会的单词圈出来，读完后整理到生词本上2把和题干有关联的句子划出来，并标上上序号3.再看题目，分析文章中的句子，加工4.确定答案,中考英语试题解析及答题技巧,中考形式，类型，结构，难易,试题分为第一卷（65分）和第二卷（55分），包括听力部分和笔试部分。听力部分的重点考查学生从口头语言材料中获取信息和处理信息的能力，采用客观性试题形式。笔试部分重点考查学生所掌握的基础知识和运用语言的能力，采用主，客观性试题形

34、式。整卷难度系数控制在0.65左右。容易题4：较易题3：较难题2:难题1,复习计划,1.一轮复习一定要细致，七年级针对性，八年级细。2.制定计划 每天课前完成句子 周一，10道选择题，补全对话 周二课前完形填空 周三任务型阅读 周四短文填空 周五写作（打提纲） 阅读理解作为家庭作业，要求，画线索，查单词。3.听力利用早读时间4.不断调整教学方式，教学方法灵活，给予适当奖励,听力,听力部分,听力测试题考查学生对所听内容的理解和在语境中搜寻和处理信息的能力。听力录音接近正常语速，要求学生能根据上下文积极地找有用的信息，猜测和判断所听材料的意思。试题内容贴近英语在现实生活中的应用。听力部分有两大题，

35、题目设置由浅入深，由易到难，层层递进，节节上升。所涉内容主要是“课标”中五级标准的要求。,1.听对话，选答案,考查学生对对话细节把握，内容包括对话的场所，话题所涉及到的时间，地点，人物或是有关价格，数字，电话号码，颜色，天气，国家，职业，交通方式，生活活动等。2014这一大题又分为两节。第一节有10段，两句一组的对话组成，每段对话设一题，既注意考查考生整体理解对话的能力，又考查考生获取对话核心信息的能力。第二节由两段对话组成，共设5题，侧重考查考生听取并处理信息的能力，第一段对话设2题，第二段对话设3题。,听短文，选答案,考查学生对短文的整体理解能力，以社会生活，历史文化介绍的说明文为主，偶尔

36、涉及写人记事的记叙文。听力短文篇幅不长，以细节理解题为主，偶尔涉及推理判断题或主旨大意。2014年的听力短文是一篇说明文，谈论的是未来生活，159个词，设题形式为3个选择，2个填空。,一、拿到试卷，仔细审题捕捉信息预测内容,听前要快速阅读试题中反映出来的信息，根据这些信息，尽量猜测文章有可能提及的问题；还要学会利用时间，做到心中有数，有的放矢，缩小记忆范围，寻找并记住关键词，注意选项中重复的词语，这些词通常会给我们一些线索，还会帮我们回忆起我们在题目中听过的人名和事物名称。注意各个选项中的主要区别我们可能会看到一些不同的名字或地点或不同的动词，这些不同之处将会帮我们确定这道题中哪些是我们要听的

37、关键。,二、要把握做题的节奏。做题的节奏很重要，在我们平时练习的时候，我们可能会停下磁带等自己选出正确的答案，千万不要这样做。因为我们在真正考试的时候无法让磁带根据我们自己的意愿停下来，所以在我们平时练习的时候也不要这么做。,在听力考试中，要抓住关键词，重要词语，在草稿纸上做适当的记录，如年，月，日，时，数字，人名或地名等，这能为答题提供准确的信息,三，抓住关键，适当记录,四.仔细检查，理顺关系,听力结束后，不要急于做笔试题，要利用头脑中还保留短暂记忆和草纸上记录的内容，对那些不太肯定的答案进行语法上的推敲,听力,1.利用早读限时练习2.周六的作业，把课文回家录到手机或录音笔上，周一在课堂上练

38、习听，提问题，猜是谁读得。平时可以放学反复听，练习听力也会背诵。矫正发音。提高兴趣,单项选择,解题方法和技巧,关键词法,许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key words)。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口， 例：He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _? A. doesnt he B. didnt he C. did he D. does he 该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时，反意疑

39、问句用肯定形式；而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同，此处hurt未加s，应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。,直接法,即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法 例：- Will you come to the internet caf (网吧)with me? - Sorry. My mother always tells me_ there. A. not go B. go C. not to go D. to go根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式，即tell sb. not to do sth.故此题应选C。,前后照应法,此方法多用于两

40、个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前，透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，例：- He isnt a teacher, is he? - _. He works in a hospital. A. Yes, he is B. No, he isnt C. Yes, He isnt D. No, he is本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答，我们知道“他”的身份不是教师；否定反意疑问句回答中的Yes其实际含义为“不”，No的实际含义为“是”。因此应选择的是B。,类推法,如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从而

41、可将A、B予以否定，例：- Whos the man at the door? -_ . A. He is a doctor B. He is a friend of mine C. He is a famous singer D. He is twenty仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C选项针对的是“职业”。若A是对的，那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。,5. 排除法,根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪，例：The girl asked the teacher _. A. what does the

42、museum looks like B. what did the museum look like; C. what the museum looks like D. what the museum looked like 本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应该用过去时，排队A和C。陈述句语序，排队B，所以选D。,6. 交际法,此方法可用联系上下文直接解题，例：- Would you like to have another cup of tea? - _. A. Yes, I do B. Not al all C. No, thanks D.

43、Help yourself本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请，如果表示不接受时，应委婉说出，不能断然拒绝。因此，选C是最佳答案。以上六种方法，大家要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下，灵活运用。,单项选择,1.开课前3分钟，限定时间，做10道选择题2.划线索，找出考点（柯南破案）3.全对的举手，对9道，对8道题，以小组的形式统计，一个阶段进行奖励,完形填空,中考完形填空的特点,1，记叙文，体裁包括哲理故事和励志故事，贴近中学生的实际生活，反应正能量，开阔学生的视野并富有教育意义。2.文章为3或4段，200-300词。考点包括名词，动词和动词短语，形容词，代词，连词，形容词和副词的比较级，最高级。应关注和加强实词的应用。3.降低对单词本身词义的考查要求，本题的主要测试目的，理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重语境。,1完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。,做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：,2第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。,