英语辩论-智商先天遗传还是后天培养intelligence.doc

1、我觉得都有关系。首先人的智商先天遗传的。不然世界上怎么会有那么多先天性的弱者，低能儿？（该词语毫无贬义，就事论事的说）。其次人是环境的产物。别人说如果脑子不用就会锈掉，是很有道理的。以前看过一份调查，说是找到一对双胞胎做试验（他们的智商行为能力当时测出来相似度几乎为99%），后来在他们长大一点的时候，哥哥被送去成为了挖煤工人，整天在不见天日的地方和粗人在一起重复着机械劳动；而弟弟被送到了一户很有钱的人家家里受到最良好的教育。等他们20岁的时候，两兄弟已截然不同了弟弟是哈佛大学的高才生，风度翩翩一表人才；而哥哥却粗鲁呆滞。更重要的是他们当时的智商测下来居然相差甚远。所以如果你的智商不是天生有问题

2、，那就多动动脑子吧，呵呵 I think all relationships.First, inherent genetic IQ people.Otherwise, how would there be so many the worlds congenital weakness, low energy child?(The term is no derogatory, matter-say).Second, are the product of the environment.Others said that if the brain will not rust out, it just

3、makes sense.Read a previous survey, saying it was a test to find a pair of twins (they were measuring the IQ capacity out of almost 99% similarity), they grow up a little later, when my brother was sent into the coal mining workersall day and not see the light of the local yokel with repeated mechan

4、ical work; and his brother were sent to a lot of money by most people a good education at home.So when they are 20 years old, the two brothers have been very different - the younger brother of the brilliant student at Harvard University, a talented handsome; and his brother was rude sluggish.More im

5、portantly, they were actually far down the IQ test.So if your IQ is not inherently a problem, it would always think twice, huh, huh 一般地说是有遗传的。而且几率还比较大，但是，隐性遗传也是存在的，基因突变也是有的。不太聪明的 父母生育了很聪明的孩子也是有的。很聪明的父母生育很笨的孩子当然也有。其实，小孩在10岁以前，脑 子也是可朔的，通过训练培养，同样可以能变得聪明起来。Generally speaking, there is genetic.And the pr

6、obability is relatively large, but also the existence of recessive gene mutations also have.Not too smartBirth parents are very smart kids have.Birth parents of very smart kids, of course there are stupid.In fact, children before the age of 10, brainMoons son is also available through the Training a

7、nd Training, the same may be able to become wise up亿万富翁建立天才精子库罗伯特格雷厄姆是美国一位亿万富翁，1980年他投巨资建立了精子库，希望为妇女提供生育潜在天才的机会，从而弥补人类基因遗传中的巨大损失。他萌生这样的想法，是由于他在年轻时结识过一位发明家，此人聪明绝顶，不但有多项了不起的发明，同时既是大学教授，又是著名医生，令格雷厄姆崇拜之至。然而遗憾的是，这位发明家却没有结婚生子，格雷厄姆因此想到了建精子库，让没有生育孩子但智商高的人能够有继承者。他的精子库设在自己在南加利福尼亚的别墅地下室里。在他招募的第一批精子捐献者中，至少有3位诺贝

8、尔奖得主，其中包括黑人物理学家威廉科金利。但是因种族主义者的“黑人生来劣于白人”观点，科金利成为一个有争议的捐献者。相关新闻： 记者节，本报收到特殊礼物（图） 山东捐精志愿者95%为高校生 每年数千夫妇苦等 济南95%捐精志愿者是高校生 男生集体捐献精子/图 捐精液变“买精液”对高校学子是一种毒害格雷厄姆的做法在社会上遭到不少批评，被认为是取代了自然规律，但格雷厄姆的辩解很简单：如果由此生育的后代中有一人能找到治疗癌症的良方，那么自己的努力就是值得的。但是经营精子库的人，早期也出过两件不光彩的事情。第一位帮助格雷厄姆经营精子库的经理保尔史密斯，根本就不是什么生物学家，而是一个清洁工，他企图将这

9、些名人的精子与动物精子混合在一起，从事一项商业冒险活动；后来的一位经理，经查竟是一名人物肖像画家。基因继承人智商高不过，到1998年格雷厄姆逝世，近20年来，世界各地已有230多名孩子有了精子库中天才的遗传基因，他们的情况如何呢？第一位精子库的天才基因继承人是维基科尔瓦思基。这个女孩从小就才华横溢，智商达180，几乎每年都获得国家数学奖学金，后来她考上加利福尼亚理工学院，这是美国的一所名牌高校，培养过几十名诺贝尔奖得主，爱因斯坦也曾在此校任教。因此，不但格雷厄姆对她寄予厚望，她的养父更希望她创造出奇迹。科尔瓦思基先生是一名失业的电子工程师，把希望寄托在维基身上，为此采取了极端手段，在她童年时不

10、让她玩玩具，不给她过生日，剥夺了她作为孩子应有的乐趣，让她的生活中除了学习还是学习。对维基来说，她的生活目标就是取悦父亲，为了让父亲高兴而拼命学习。然而考上大学以后，远离了父亲，她感到如释重负，对学习丧失兴趣，转而追求享乐，成绩下降，甚至有的功课不及格。维基目前失业在家。多伦布莱克是第二位精子库天才基因的传人，他从小所受教育与维基迥然不同。他的母亲阿克伦是一位单身妈妈，也是一位心理学家，她认为，只有让孩子在一个宽松自由的环境里成长，才能充分发展其潜力。“我的想法是让他开放地迎接一切，”阿克伦说，“如果他是一棵树，我的任务就是负责浇水，任他自由生长，我的水就是爱和亲情。让孩子朝他感兴趣的方向发展

11、。我的做法反映在多伦身上，就是心血来潮和3分钟的热度，他一会儿对某个方面有浓厚的兴趣，然而一个月后可能就会转向另一个方面。”多伦的父亲，即精子捐献者，是一位电脑专家，同时对古典音乐也很有造诣。阿克伦选中他的精子，是参看了长达两页的介绍之后决定的，介绍上还对这位专家的身体、品行、家庭背景作了描述。多伦的确是一个聪明的孩子。他两岁就会玩电脑，3岁就能识字，5岁就能看懂莎士比亚戏剧哈姆莱特的一些片段。但他很骄傲，总是自夸自己的智商，因此常惹怒一些同学。他的小学老师则说他上课不遵守纪律，缺少持之以恒的精神。现在多伦是一位颇有影响的音乐家。今年59岁的大卫拉姆和50岁的阿德里安娜是一对夫妻，大卫是电脑程

12、序设计员，阿德里安娜是舞蹈家兼钢琴演奏家，由于不能自然生育，他们决定求助于精子库。“我并不想造就出什么天才，我只想让我的孩子像我的丈夫一样聪明、活跃、健壮。”阿德里安娜说。他们的第一个孩子伦纳是女孩，今年16岁，提供精子的“父亲”是一所名牌大学的著名教授；第二个孩子考特妮也是女孩，第三个孩子罗根是男孩，这两个孩子的精子“父亲”是一名奥运会金牌获得者。两个女孩很小就表现出聪颖的一面，大女儿18个月大的时候就能在钢琴上弹简单的曲子，二女儿15个月大的时候就能背诗唱歌，两个女儿天生都有好嗓子。“虽然每个孩子都有自己的天赋，但他们今后的成就主要在于后天的培养。”阿德里安娜说，“我的两个女儿都有极高的智

13、商，但她们对艺术更感兴趣。这或许是家庭的熏陶，因为我天天都在家弹钢琴跳舞。”然而，幼子罗根从小就有问题，迟迟不会说话，虽求诊过不少著名医院，终查不出原因，最后只得配了一台语音合成器，通过键盘输入关键词后发出声音与人交流。以上是精子库造就的一些“天才”的现状，对自然生育的夫妻在培养孩子方面，会不会有一些启示呢？Billionaire genius sperm 库罗伯特格雷 Graham established a billionaire in the United States in 1980, he invested heavily in building a sperm bank, Gree

14、ceFertility hope for women the chance of potential talent, which make up the human genetic inheritance of the huge losses.He sprouted the idea isHe had met in an inventor at a young age, who are smart, not only have many great inventions, while both university professors, andIs a famous doctor, so t

15、hat matter to Graham worship.But unfortunately, the inventor did not marry and have children, so think of GrahamThe construction of the sperm bank, so do not have children but people with high IQs to have successors.His sperm bank in his villa in the basement of Southern California.In his first recr

16、uiting sperm donors, at least 3Nobel Prize winners, including physicist 威廉科金利 black.But because of racist black born inferior to whites conceptPoint, William Mckinley, a controversial donors.Related News:Press section, the newspaper received a special gift (Figure)95% of sperm in Shandong college st

17、udents, volunteers, thousands of couples each year waiting forJinan, 95% of the volunteers are college students, male sperm donor sperm group / mapDonated semen change to buy semen is a poison of college studentsGrahams approach was a lot of criticism in society, is considered to replace the natural

18、 law, but Grahams defense is simple:If the resulting offspring have one good way to find a cure for cancer, then his effort is worth it.But the sperm bank business people have been out early two shameful things.The first sperm bank to help Graham, manager of security operationsErshimisi, there is si

19、mply not a biologist, but a cleaner, he attempted the sperm of these celebrities mixed with animal spermTogether, engaged in a business venture; later a manager, and upon inspection was actually a character portrait.Heir high IQ genes, however, Grahams death in 1998, nearly 20 years, has more than 2

20、30 children around the world have spermGenius of the genetic library, and their situation?The first sperm bank genius gene successor is 维基科尔瓦 Siji.Talented girl from an early age, IQ of 180, severalAlmost every year, the State mathematics scholarships, and later she admitted to the California Instit

21、ute of Technology, which is a prestigious U.S. universities, training throughDozens of Nobel Laureates, Albert Einstein once taught in this school.Therefore, the Graham not only have high hopes for her, her adoptive father is more hopeHope she created a miracle.Mr. 科尔瓦思基 an unemployed electrical eng

22、ineer, who put their hopes in the wiki, for taking a veryEnd means, in her childhood would not let her play with toys, do not give her birthday as a child should be deprived of the pleasure of her, let her life, in addition toLearning or learning.On the wiki, her goal in life is to please his father

23、, to make his father happy and hard studying.However, admittedCollege, away from his father, she felt relieved to lose interest in learning in favor of the pursuit of pleasure, performance declined, and even some powerClass failed.Wikipedia currently unemployed at home.多伦布莱克 genius sperm bank is the

24、 second gene transmission, he suffered since childhood education and wiki different.His mother AkronIs a single mother, also a psychologist, she believes that only let the children loose in a free environment to grow, to be fullyDevelop their potential.My idea is to let him open to welcome all, Akro

25、n said, If he were a tree, my task is to negativeResponsible for watering and let him free growth, the water is my love and affection.Interested in the child towards his direction.My approach is reflected in TorontoWho is the whim and 3-minute heat, he has a moment of interest, however, may be a mon

26、th laterWill turn to another matter.Torontos father, the sperm donor, is a computer expert, but is also useful for making classical musicYi.Akron was selected sperm, is see a two-page introduction, the decision to introduce also the expert on the body, goodsOK, family background is described.Toronto

27、 is indeed a clever boy.He was two years old will play on the computer, 3 years old will be able to read, 5-year-old will be able to seeUnderstand Shakespeare, Hamlet some of the fragments.But he was proud, always pride ourselves on our intelligence, so often angered some of the sameScience.His elem

28、entary school teacher said that he did not discipline, lack of perseverance.Toronto is now an influential musicHome.David Ramsey, 59 and 50-year-old Adriana is a husband and wife, David is a computer programmer, is a dance AdrianaDance at home and the piano player, because it is not natural birth, t

29、hey decided to turn to a sperm bank.I do not want to bring up a genius, I justWant my children like my husband, smart, active and robust.Adriana said. Renner their first child is a girl16 years old, provided the sperm, father is a well-known professor at prestigious universities; second child, Court

30、ney is also a girl, the third childLogan is a boy child, the sperm of two children, Father is an Olympic gold medalist.Two little girls on the show bright side, their eldest daughter, when 18 months old will be able to play the simple songs on the piano, the second daughter15 months when you can Bei

31、shi singing, two daughters born to have a good voice.While each child has their own talent, but theyThe main achievements of the future is to nurture.Adriana said, My two daughters have a high IQ, but their artMore interested.This may be the influence of the family, because I dance every day at home

32、 playing the piano.However, the youngest son Logan is a problem since childhood,Delay can not speak, although the patient had a lot of well-known hospitals, the final cause could last only one with a voice synthesizer, a keyboard inputAfter the sound into the key words to communicate with others.The

33、se are the sperm bank created by some genius status quo, on the natural fertility of the couples in terms of training children, will have some startShow it?无数事实表明，智慧与才能虽不是完全由遗传所决定，但是与遗传有一定的关系。遗传对智力发展的作用是客观存在的。目前普遍使用的智力测量标准是“智商”。智商为200分制，即最高的分数是200，最低的是0。90-110分者属于正常智力的范围；120-140分者为聪明人；140分以上的则是绝顶聪明的

34、人或称天才，分数越低，表示智力越差。70分以下的为智力低下，其中50-70分者属于愚笨，25-50分者为痴呆，0-25分者为白痴。较高智商父母的子女往往比较聪明，反之亦然。据统计，父母的智力高、孩子的智力往往也高；父母智力平常，孩子智力也一般；父母智力有缺陷，孩子有可能智力发育不全。有人长期研究过一群智商在140分以上的孩子，发现这些孩子长大后一直保持优秀的才智。他们子女的智商平均为128分，也远远超过一般孩子的水平。而对于精神缺陷者，他们的孩子有59%精神缺陷或智力迟钝。但是，智力的实际表现还要受到主观努力和社会环境的很大影响，后天的教育，训练以及营养等因素起到相当大的作用。没有这一条，再好

35、的遗传基础也不行。可以设想，即使是具有特殊脑结构的“神童”，如果一出生就落入狼穴，也只能长成“狼孩”。自古以来，出现了许多高智能结构的家族，如音乐家巴赫家族的8代136人中，有50个男是著名的音乐家；莫扎特和韦伯家族的几代人中都有著名的音乐家。我国南北朝时著名的科学家祖冲之的儿子祖恒之、孙子祖皓都是机械发明家，又都是著名的天文学家和数学家。智力的这种家族聚集性，一度被认为遗传决定智力的例证。然而，家庭也是智力发展最基本的环境因素，家庭提供了定向教育培养的优势条件。智力的家族聚集性现象，恰恰说明了先天和后天因素对智力发展的作用。由此可见，遗传提供了智力的基本素质，后天因素则影响其发展的可能性。因

36、此，要想使后代智力超群，就必须在优生和优育上一起下功夫，使孩子的智能潜力得到最充分的发挥。Numerous facts indicate that the wisdom and ability, while not entirely determined by genetics, but there are certain genetic relationship.Genetic role in development of intelligence is an objective reality.Currently widely used measure of intelligence is

37、 intelligence.IQ of 200 pointsSystem, that is the highest score is 200, the lowest is 0.90-110 points belong to the normal range of intelligence; 120-140 points will be wise person; 140 points or more is a very smart person, or call dayOnly, lower scores, indicating worse mental.70 points or less fo

38、r mental retardation, which is 50-70 minutes by those stupid 25-50 was crazy,0-25 min were spent as an idiot.Children of high IQ parents tend to be more intelligent, and vice versa.According to statistics, the high intelligence of parents, the childs intelligence is often too high; parents normal in

39、telligence, children intelligence also generally; parents are lack of intelligenceDepression, the child may be intellectual hypoplasia.Some people have a group of long-term study of more than 140 points IQ children, found that these children grow up aStraight to maintain good intelligence.The averag

40、e IQ of their children is 128 points, far more than the average childs level.As for the mental defective,59% of their children the spirit of defects or mental retardation.However, the actual performance of intelligence efforts and also by subjective great impact on the social environment, acquired t

41、he education, training and nutrition, etc.Factors play a considerable role.Not this one, no matter how good the genetic basis of no good.It can be imagined, even with special brain structureThe child prodigy, if a birth into Langxue, they can only grow into a wolf-cub.Since ancient times, there have

42、 been many intelligent structure of the family, such as musicians, 8 on behalf of the Bach family, 136 people, 50 men and a famousMusician; Mozart and Weber are well-known family of generations of musicians.Famous scientist of Northern and Southern Dynasties son of ZuHang the ancestors, Hao Sun Zaiz

43、u are mechanical inventor, and both are well-known astronomer and mathematician.This familial aggregation of intelligence, onceIs considered an example of genetically determined intelligence.However, the family is the basic environment for intellectual development, family oriented education and trai

44、ning providedThe advantages.The phenomenon of familial aggregation of intelligence, precisely describes the innate and acquired factors on the role of intellectual development.Thus, genetic providing basic quality of intelligence, acquired factors affected the likelihood of its development.Therefore

45、, to enable future generations to ChileSuperior force, to be excellent students and gifted education in together on efforts to keep the childs intellectual potential to the fullest play.Most often human mothers only give birth to one child at one time. Yet still nature sometimes intervenes, and twin

46、s are born. Sometimes the twins are monozygotic identical. In other words they both develop from the same egg. Consequently they share exactly the same genes, and are always, of course, the same sex. Otherwise they may be dizygotic or fraternal twins. Dizygotic twins develop from two separate eggs,

47、and therefore are no more alike genetically than ordinary siblings.Twins have raised the interest of scientists for many years, and since the 19thcentury have become the focus of many studies that try to determine what makes us the way we are. It is our genes that are responsible, or does the enviro

48、nment in which we live shape our character? Or, indeed, is it a mixture of both? But if it is down to a mixture of nature and nurture then what exactly is the ratio between genetic predetermination and environmental influences?During the 18thcentury, the Englishman, Francis Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, studied the achievements of children from different social backgrounds. Not surprisingly he found that children