非谓语动词解题技巧.doc

1、制作窝在躺椅上的猫非谓语动词解题技巧定义：1. 谓语动词： 在句子中担任谓语的动词2. 非谓语动词： 是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。非谓语动词解题步骤：一. 辨别“谓与非谓” 二. 找逻辑主语 三、分析语态 四、分析时态（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”注意连词but1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . （C）2. _many times , he still couldnt understand

2、 it . （A）A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was told注意标点符号3. It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. ( C )4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. ( E )A.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. been（二）找逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。1.Walking alon

3、g the street one day, she saw 一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues

4、 about it. 1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance. ( B )2.Everything _into consideration,they ought to have another chance. ( D )A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken（三）分析语态分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1.“You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. (

5、B ) A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. ( B ) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing（四）分析时态1. The building _now will be a restaurant . ( C )2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant . ( B)3. The b

6、uilding _last year is a restaurant. ( D)A.having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built 非谓语动词解题七大原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1. When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained如：She got up very early to c

7、atch up the first bus.2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making原则二： 用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved1. Wri

8、te to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的

9、动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。用括号里的词的适当形式填空原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。4. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. A. to let B. letting C. let D. having le

10、t【解析 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。5. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching6.He hurried to the station, onl

11、y _ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。7. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-i

12、ng的被动式.8. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed

13、 D. to open and close【解析】of 后应接-ing，desks 与open and close 之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因could be heard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。10. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixing C.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed

14、【解析】seat :vt. I seated myself. = I was seated. = I sat down fix ones eyes upon原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致.11. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John【解析】(be) fac

15、ed with12. While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings【解析】因为 watching 的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项 A 和B ；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了 to 的不定式， 所以选项 D 中的 rings 是错误的。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式）13._ from other cont

16、inents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. A.Being separated B. Having separatedC.Having been separated D. to be separated 【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。 14. The manager，_ it clear

17、 to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系，且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，having made . 相当于 who had made. 的意思。15.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country he studied in ? （A）he will study in

18、? （B）he studies in? （C） Yes, In London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying【解析】Sb is said to do 据说原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。16.There will be more than three hundred scientistsattending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow. A

19、. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 17. There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait18. “Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself. A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost【解析】lose vt

20、. lose sb/sth19. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving【解析】受 the first， the second . the last 修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。如：You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构,作状语时仍用过去分词形式。 Lost in thought, she nearly ran into a tree. =Because

21、she was lost in thought Dressed in white, he looks like a cook rather than a doctor. 与lost类似的过去分词还有dressed determined devoted, seated, absorbed, prepared, caught ,tired, exhausted, disappointed, frightened, satisfied等。 【考例】After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _. （A）A. exhausted B. exhausting C. being exhausted D. having exhausted第 5 页 共 5 页