英语写作高级词汇替换——(4级到6级到8级的常见词语转变).doc

1、 形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =m

2、anifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、

3、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive 动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cau

4、se = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = acc

5、omplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break

6、 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for 名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5

7、. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = meri

8、ts = superiority = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业： job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predece

9、ssor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society I

10、n this day and age 短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for 3. 从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的

11、: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of插入语1.indeed的确， 2.surely无疑， 3.however然而， 4.obviously显然， 5.frankly坦率地说， 6.naturally自然， 7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运， 8.fortunately/luckily幸好， 9.honestly真的， 10.briefly简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪， 12.needless to say不用说， 13.most impor

12、tant of all最为重要是， 13.worse still更糟糕的是， 14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之， 15.in other words换句话说， 16.in a sense在某种意义上， 17.in general一般说来， 18.in my view在我看来， 19.in conclusion总之， 20.in summary概括地说， 21.in fact事实上， 22.in the first place首先， 23.in addition此外， 24.of course当然， 25.to my knowledge据我所知， 2

13、6.for instance(或example)例如， 27.as a matter of fact事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说， 29.generally speaking一般地说， 30.judging from根据判断,31.to be sure无疑， 32.to sum up概括地说， 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信， 36.I wonder我不知道， 37.that is也就是说， 38.it seems看来是， 39.as I see it照我看来， 40.what

14、 is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

15、6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convin

16、ced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark

17、 off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop t

18、o，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to 19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20

19、 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happ

20、en, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for,

21、constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, repres

22、ent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in othe

23、r words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, ad

24、verse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.

25、(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude tha

26、t, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing8: shared 代 common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more(

27、注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer15.exc

28、eedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替换 unnecessary, avoidable17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in18.capture ones attention替换attract ones attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect20.be in

29、dicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth23.desire 替换want24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to25.bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意proc

30、ess是过程的意思)27. interaction替换communication28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible六级的最爱：deprive of 剥夺；budget 预算；compensation 弥补，补偿eternal永恒的；intuition 直觉；penalty 惩罚，点球

31、；potential 潜在的；in terms of在方面；sheer完全的；trivial 琐碎的；六级的旧爱： regardless of 除了六级新宠（2002）demonstrate 演示；demonstrated beauty 倾国倾城；mingled情感、气息、气味的混合inspire吸入空气产生灵感conspiracy共同呼吸同谋者expire断气过期，满期perspire出汗，流汗aspire不断地呼吸渴望cess=go(走路)access一再地走接近excess超过过渡,超出recess走回来休息process前进，加工diverse 不同的vertigo 头晕scend=c

32、limb(爬)ascend v.攀登，轻薄物体的上升，sophy智慧 声音从远处传来sophisticated 复杂的，老于世故的 descendant n.后代（在你后面爬）聪明的，睿智的 transcend v.超越，胜过philosophy 哲学cest跑爱 智慧 ancestor 在前面跑祖先sophomore 大二生 cur跑ruptbreak(断裂)bankrupt 破产 clude=closeinterrupt 打断 exclusive a.排他的，独占的，专属的corrupt r双写co=共同 exclude v.排除在外共同在断腐败破坏 exclusive interview

33、 人物专访inclusive a.包围住的，包括的preclude v.预防，妨碍scribe=write(写)ascribe 归因于 rip(撕裂)subscribe 订阅，提交 grip v. 抓在下面 写 gripping 扣人心弦的conscribe 征兵circumscribe 限制 tent扩展，延展圆圈 intentionally 故意地content 内容patent 怕传出去申请专利保护conflict 一起打冲突，战争 hump 驼峰afflict 一再地打击折磨 plump 丰满bony骨感美人inflict 自虐，自我折磨 goose lump外国人的鹅皮疙瘩flici

34、ent cise 切deflicient 缺乏的，不够的 precise 事先切好精确subfficient 足够的 concise 共同切简洁的，简明的proficient a.精通的；n.专家 compact 结实的，简洁的，紧凑的（常考）efficient 效率的stat 站在那 miss送stationary 静止的 mission 送出去的任务statue 全身雕塑 commission 共同送出去的任务委托，委任，佣金，回扣dismiss 疏散，解散，解雇，免职gest管道 omission 省略，忽略digest分开管道文摘congest共同走到管道交通拥挤 decline 下降

35、ingest 进入管道吃入，摄入 incline 倾向 be inclined to do 喜欢做recline 斜躺（安娜卡列尼娜卧轨自杀）pel推repel 推回来相斥 ple 满，完成compel共同往前推强迫，迫使 implement 实施，执行propel 往前推推进 complement 相补充、相弥补compliments 赞美之词ped 脚expedition 脚出去探险 fin 终点，范围biped 双足的 confine 限制pedal 脚蹬的地方 finish 完成define 加强限定下定义 infinite 无限，极大front 面对 definite 明确的conf

36、ront 使面临，对抗affront 脸一直凑过去冒犯，侮辱effrontery 厚颜无耻 ceed 走proceed with=contine withsist 站立 exceed 超过resist 抵制 exceeding 巨大的consist of 由组成persist （一直总）坚持 defect n.过失，错误assist 帮助 affect n.影响,侵袭effect n.效果，作用superior 优良的，卓越的 infect v.传染，感染superable 可取的，可胜任的supreme 最高的，至高无上的 pat 父亲，祖国superb 庄重的，极好的 patrol 巡逻e

37、xpatriate 驱逐出境cede 走 compatriot 同胞（有共同的祖国）concede妥协 repatriate v.遣返recede 后退 patriot n.爱国者perspective n.透视，全景 undertake 承担，许诺inspect v.检查，视察 undergo 经历，遭受expect v.期待 underscore 强调prospect n.前景 underlying a.基本的spectacles 眼镜 underline 强调bar 棍子barbarian 野蛮人 vivid 鲜艳的barren(ren=人)剩棍和人贫瘠 revive 复活embarra

38、ss 用棍子打屁股尴尬 survive 存活vivisect(切)活体解剖prime 黄金时期，青春；主要的，最初的primitive 原始的 hypo 低preliminary 预备的 hypotension 低血压hypothsis 假说turb 搅动 hyper 高turbine 搅动机 hypersensitive 高度敏感turbulent 混乱的，动荡的chaosrelent 反复地借v.使宽厚，仁慈relentless 无情，冷酷 shear v.剪羊毛;n.大剪刀(羊有耳朵ear)sheer adv. 完全地kernel r像花核kennel 有n像门狗窝sprout 有rv.

39、发芽spout 爆发fragrant r一朵花香喷喷的flagrant l像粪勺臭烘烘的，罪恶昭著的，声名狼藉的ps:据说老俞当年是插秧no.1，对l情有独钟haven 有个门 避难所heaven ea表示在上面避难所在上面天堂loom l高高的个子，oo大大的眼睛的mm在网上是很少的若隐若现gloom 因此gg感到很郁闷郁闷，阴沉morose mo白话“?印暗囊簟?挥校?ose代表爱情没有爱情郁闷，阴沉dismay(美mei)郁闷，沮丧amorous 爱摸玫瑰（rose音同rous）好色的，色情的ponderous 胖得要死笨重的pest 拍死它害虫gangster 干死他匪徒chaos 吵

40、死吵闹的；正确发音： ke,a:squaint 把q看成g,汉语拼音：guai怪古怪的，新奇的acquaint ac表示一再一再古怪，就见怪不怪熟悉nave 奶糊的天真的，无邪的，幼稚juvenile 久闻奶青少年shatter 沙特被人连灌8球梦想破碎破碎acme ac米兰（能发展到ac米兰）顶点aftermath 在马死后，要调查，就是引起余波余波elegant 把leg想象成模特在t字台上走的大腿优雅obscene 我不see/信我不看下流的，淫荡的obstinate 我不听你的固执的（考过）appal 我怕恐惧lobuster 老不死龙虾blunder 不太烂的小错误 commit a

41、 blunder 犯小错（常考）original 最初的，原创的orginals n.原著slippery 滑，老奸巨猾 ps:新东方老师杜子华 slip ones mind 忘了plunge into 跳进 lung 肺，p（扑）进水里，水进入肺中，然后出来e（out）plight把火扑灭困境 eg:no one can be a hero in plight.decline 具体数字、数据下降，如汇率；婉言拒绝ambiguous安必规（治疗精神病药）模棱两可，似是而非（考过）absurd 爱不死荒谬（考过）wallflower 壁花，局外人（特指在舞会中无人邀请的女孩）spicy 辣味的s

42、pic 看 conspicuous 看得到的明显的（一般考交通标志很明显）apprehension 一再地事先不知道理解，明白，忧虑，恐惧tremendous 可怕的，巨大的，高速的（不要激怒老熊）tremble 因恐惧而颤抖，trem恐惧；end结果害怕结果可怕的magnify 放大magnificent 精美的gorgeouscumulus积雨云accumulate一再地积累积聚，堆积luxi住在银河仙女的皮肤（力士香皂）luxury拥有那种皮肤是件奢侈的事奢侈fabricate （fabre纤维）编造，捏造decent （低头看钱）找工作要看薪水合适的despise (spit 吐口水)

43、低头向他吐口水蔑视innocent (被人抓住的小偷兜里没钱)无辜scorn 长得像死玉米贬低abuse (离开)滥用abide (i=爱)离开爱忍受痛苦subject to 1.=undergo 经历；2.=bring 带来compatible with 与相容（常考）illumine 一路明照亮，点亮 illumination n.revenge myself on sb .亲自报复alternate a.轮流的，轮换的alternative a.其他的；n.另一选择revenues pl.收入，税收 venues 维纳斯 想拥有她那样的身材就得付钱in collaboration(共同劳动) with 与相合作(文化艺术)，与相一致tantalus n.致命的诱惑tantalize v.逗弄deviation from 与相背离 真题：科学家的计算跟人们目测之间是存在偏差。eligible 合格，符合条件的;negligible 可以忽略，不予重视的(考过)intelligible 不告诉别人也知道容易被人理解的pondercontemplate 深思，思考crucial (十字路口) 人生的十字路口关键时刻stonemason 石头妈的儿子石匠demo 民主condemnation 指责，谴责六级中考到的“ 娱乐”entertainment娱乐enjoyment 自娱自乐