绿色壁垒对中国农产品出口的影响分析【外文翻译】.doc

1、1ANALYSISOFTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSONTHEIMPACTOFCHINASEXPORTSOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSABSTRACTCHINASACCESSIONTOWTOWILLPROMOTETHEAGRICULTURALANDPARTICIPATEINGLOBALCOMPETITION,CHINASAGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENTANDALSOPROVIDEMOREOPPORTUNITIESFORCHINASAGRICULTUREWILLFACEENORMOUSCHALLENGESANDRISKSATPRESENT,THEGREEN

2、BARRIERSININTERNATIONALTRADEPROBLEMCANNOTBEAVOIDED,AGRICULTUREASAWEAKINDUSTRYISMORESUSCEPTIBLETOTHEMTHISCONCEPTOFGREENTRADEBARRIERSSTARTWITHANOVERVIEWOFTHETHEORYOFGREENTRADEBARRIERS,THEN,CONTACTTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERS,CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSFACETHESTATUSQUO,ANALYSISOFCHINASAGRICULTURALTRADEBARRIERSB

3、LOCKEDTHEGREENDOMESTICANDINTERNATIONALREASONSFINALLY,FROMOURACTUALSITUATIONOFAGRICULTURALDEVELOPMENTFORTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERS,BOTHFROMTHEGOVERNMENTANDBUSINESSPOINTOFVIEW,PUTFORWARDSOMECOUNTERMEASURESANDSUGGESTIONSMAYBEOPERATIONALKEYWORDSGREENBARRIERSTOTRADEAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSGREENPRODUCTS1,GREENTRAD

4、EBARRIERTHEORY1,THECONCEPTOFGREENTRADEBARRIERSBROADLYSPEAKING,THEGREENTRADEBARRIERSREFERSTOACOUNTRYTOSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTANDECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONREASONSANDOBJECTIVES,TOLIMITIMPORTSOFFOREIGNGOODSSETUPBARRIERSTOTRADEFROMTHENARROWSENSETHATTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSISACTUALLYABARRIERTOMARKETENT

5、RYREFERSTOTHEIMPORTERTHROUGHTHEESTABLISHMENTOFSTRICTENVIRONMENTALTECHNICALSTANDARDS,COMPLEXHEALTHANDQUARANTINESYSTEMORADOPTGREENENVIRONMENTALLABEL,GREENPACKAGINGSYSTEMINORDERTOPREVENTORLIMITTHESOMEFOREIGNGOODSIMPORTS2,THEGREENBASICTYPESOFTRADEBARRIERSTHECONTENTSOFTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERS,RATHERBROAD,AN

6、DBROADLYINCLUDETHEFOLLOWINGFIVETYPES1GREENTECHNOLOGYSTANDARDSGREENTECHNOLOGYSTANDARDSTHROUGHLEGISLATIVEMEANSTOIMPOSESTRINGENTMANDATORYENVIRONMENTALTECHNICALSTANDARDS,RESTRICTIONSONFOREIGNSTANDARDSDONOTMEETENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONTECHNOLOGYIMPORTS,2RESTRICTIONSONTRADETHESESTANDARDSAREBASEDONTHELEVELOF

7、DEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,THEPRODUCTIONLEVELANDTECHNOLOGYDEVELOPED,FORDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,ITCANACHIEVE,BUTITISVERYDIFFICULTTOACHIEVEFORDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES,ANDTHEREFOREWILLINEVITABLYLEADTOPRODUCTSFROMDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESDECLINEDINTHEOUTSIDETHEDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES2GREENENVIRONMENTALLABELSGREENENVIRONMENTALLABELI

8、SAKINDOFPRODUCTORITSPACKAGINGGRAPHICS,BYAGOVERNMENTORITSAUTHORIZEDDEPARTMENTSINACCORDANCEWITHCERTAINENVIRONMENTALSTANDARDSISSUED,USEDTOINDICATETHEQUALITYOFTHEPRODUCTWILLNOTONLYMEETTHESTANDARD,BUTALSOINTHEPRODUCTION,USE,CONSUMPTION,PROCESSTHATMEETSTHEENVIRONMENTALREQUIREMENTS,WHICHDONOTHARMHUMANHEALT

9、HORHAZARDSTOTHEENVIRONMENTFRIENDLYTINYITSBASICPURPOSEISTOGUIDECONSUMERSOFGREENCONSUMPTION,ANDTHUSTOCONSCIOUSLYADJUSTTHEPRODUCTSTRUCTURETOGUIDEENTERPRISESTOADOPTCLEANTECHNOLOGY3GREENPACKAGINGSYSTEM“GREENPACKAGING“,ALSOKNOWNASFRIENDSOFTHEENVIRONMENTORECOLOGICALPACKAGINGPACKAGINGGREENPACKAGINGGENERALLY

10、REFERSTOTHEECOENVIRONMENTANDHUMANHEALTH,HARMFUL,CANRECYCLINGREUSEANDRECYCLINGORDEGRADATIONCORRUPTION,PROMOTINGSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTPACKAGING4GREENHEALTHANDQUARANTINESYSTEMGREENHEALTHANDQUARANTINESYSTEMISBUILTONTHEBASISOFMODERNSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYAVARIETYOFNOTONLYEXTREMELYSTRICTQUARANTINEMEASURES,BU

11、TALSOCUMBERSOMEANDCOMPLEXBASEDONPROTECTIONOFTHEENVIRONMENTANDECOLOGICALRESOURCESTOENSURETHEHEALTHOFHUMANSANDANIMALSANDPLANTSINMANYCOUNTRIES,ESPECIALLYDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,ANDSETSTRICTENVIRONMENTALANDTECHNICALSTANDARDSASTHENATIONALENVIRONMENTALANDTECHNICALSTANDARDSANDTESTINGMETHODSFORDIFFERENTTARGETLEV

12、ELS,ASWELLASTHEARBITRARYNATUREOFTHEDESIGNTESTINGOFINDICATORS,LEAVINGENVIRONMENTALANDTECHNICALSTANDARDSMAYBEGREENTRADEBARRIERS5GREENSUBSIDIESITREFERSTOAKINDOFINTERNALIZATIONOFENVIRONMENTALCOSTSOFRESOURCESTOREDUCETHEEFFECTSOFEXTERNALECONOMICCOSTSANDBENEFITSTOMAKEASMUCHASPOSSIBLEINTHEPRODUCTIONANDOPERA

13、TORSWHOHAVEAMEANSOFUNIFICATIONINORDERTOPROTECTTHEENVIRONMENTANDRESOURCES,ITISNECESSARYENVIRONMENTALAND3RESOURCECOSTSWITHINTHECALCULATIONOFTHECOST,SOTHATTHEINTERNALIZATIONOFENVIRONMENTALANDRESOURCECOSTS,DEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESWILLMOVEHEAVILYPOLLUTINGINDUSTRIESTODEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES,INORDERTOREDUCEENVIRONME

14、NTALCOSTS,SOTHATTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCOUNTRYSENVIRONMENTALCOSTSBEBOOSTED3,GREENTRADEBARRIERCHARACTERISTICSANDTHECONDITIONSUNDER1THECHARACTERISTICSOFTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSGREENTRADEBARRIERSOFOTHERNONTARIFFBARRIERSDONOTHAVETHECHARACTERISTICSFIRST,THEPERFORMANCEOFCONTENTTHATHASREASONABLETRADEPROTECTIONISTSTO

15、SEIZETHEMINDSOFCONSUMERSINORDERTOPROTECTHUMAN,ANIMALLIFEORTOPROTECTTHEENVIRONMENTANDRESOURCESFORTHEGROUNDSURFACE,INLINEWITHTHEHISTORICALTRENDOFSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT,BUTALSOCATERTOTHENEEDSOFGREENCONSUMPTIONINORDERTOACHIEVEITSTRADEPROTECTIONISMPURPOSESECOND,THEPROTECTEDOBJECTTHATHASBROADGREENTRADEBAR

16、RIERSTENDTOHAVEAWIDERANGEOFPROTECTION,NOTONLYTHEQUALITYOFTHEPRODUCTITSELF,BUTALSOFORTHEDESIGNOFPRODUCTSFROMPREPRODUCTIONTHROUGHTOTHEFINALDISPOSALOFPOSTCONSUMERHASALIMITTHEEXPANSIONOFTRADEINRECENTYEARSFROMPRODUCTTOSERVICETRADE,TECHNOLOGYANDTRADEFIELDS,SHOWINGALLINCLUSIVETRENDTHIRD,THEPROTECTIONMODETH

17、ATHASHIDDENINSOMECOUNTRIESFORCERTAINPRODUCTQUALITY,SPECIFICATIONS,PERFORMANCEANDSAFETYREQUIREMENTSFOREXTREMELYSTRICT,CUMBERSOMEANDSPECIALSTANDARDS,TESTINGPROCEDURESCUMBERSOMEANDCOMPLEXANDCONSTANTLYCHANGING,SODIFFICULTTODEALWITHANDADAPTTOFOREIGNGOODSTHEAIMISTOUSETHENAMEOFENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONOFTHEA

18、CTUALTRADEPROTECTION,SOTHATEXPORTERSANDUNPREDICTABLECHANGESINITSCONTENTANDDIFFICULTTODEALWITHANDADAPTTO,BUTNOTEASYTOGENERATETRADEFRICTIONFOURTH,THEDEVELOPMENTOFFORMALLEGITIMACYMOSTNONTARIFFBARRIERSARENOTTOBEPROVIDEDTHROUGHPUBLICLEGISLATIONANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEOFGREENTRADEBARRIERSW

19、ITHACORRESPONDINGLEGALBASIS,SUCHAS1994S“TECHNICALBARRIERSTOTRADEAGREEMENT“THETBTAGREEMENTANDTHE“IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEACTIONSANITARYANDPHYTOSANITARYMEASURESAGREEMENT“THESPSAGREEMENT,ATTHESAMETIME,COUNTRIESALSODEVELOPEDSOMEOFTHECONCERNSHAVETHEIROWNLAWSAND4REGULATIONS,SUCHASTHE1989UNITEDSTATESTOIMPLEMENT

20、THETERMSOFTHE609FIFTH,THEDYNAMICINNATURETHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSSETBYDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,MEASURESWILLBEASITSTRADINGPARTNERS,THEPROGRESSOFECONOMICANDTECHNOLOGICALLEVELSTOADJUST,MAKINGTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSANDTHERERISINGTRENDASINRECENTYEARS,JAPANSQUANTITATIVEINDICATORSOFINSPECTIONOFIMPORTEDRICEHASBEENMORET

21、HAN20YEARS,FROM1993TO2000,104SOMECOUNTRIESPROVIDEDTHATWHENAPRODUCTHASAGREENFLAGINTHEIRMARKETSHAREOVER2096,THECOUNTRYMARKSTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHEIRENVIRONMENTWILLBEIMPROVEDTOMAKEADJUSTMENTS2THECONDITIONSTOIMPLEMENTTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSGREENTRADEBARRIERSSUCHTRADEPROTECTIONMEASURES,ALTHOUGHTHEAUTHORITIESC

22、ANEFFECTIVELYPREVENTFOREIGNGOODSINTOTHEDOMESTICMARKET,BUTNOTALLCOUNTRIESHAVETHECONDITIONSFORTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFBARRIERSSOFAR,THEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEBARRIERSAREMAINLYDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESSUCHASTHEEUROPEANUNION,JAPAN,THEUNITEDSTATES,AFFECTEDMAINLYDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESSUCHASCHINATHISISMAINLYBECAUSEGREENTRADE

23、BARRIERSMAINLYTHROUGHTHEPROVISIONOFHIGHSTANDARDSTOIMPROVEDRUGRESIDUESINAGRICULTURALMARKETACCESSBARRIERS,SUCHASTHEEUROPEANUNIONSSTANDARDSOFCHLORAMPHENICOLRESIDUESINTHEPROVISIONSOF0203UG/KG,THISSTANDARDISNOTONLYOURCOUNTRYISTHEEUROPEANUNIONITSELFISVERYDIFFICULTTOMEETTHESTANDARDSTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFGREEN

24、TRADEBARRIERSTOHAVEAPERFECTINSPECTIONSYSTEMONLYTHEHIGHSTANDARDOFDRUGRESIDUESISNOTENOUGHANDMUSTBECOMPLEMENTEDBYADVANCEDTESTINGEQUIPMENT,TESTINGTECHNIQUESANDDETECTIONOFHIGHQUALITYPERSONNELWITHADVANCEDDETECTIONTECHNOLOGYANDEQUIPMENTCANINCREASETHETYPESOFPESTICIDESTOBESEIZED,ASWELLASINCREASETHEMAXIMUMLIM

25、ITSTANDARD,SOTHATYOUCANDETECTLOWLEVELSOFSTATEFORMATIONBARRIERSSECOND,CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSHITTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSANDANALYSISOFCURRENTSITUATION1,CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSFACETRADEBARRIERSINTHESTATUSOFTHEGREENASTHEWORLDSLARGESTAGRICULTURALPRODUCER,CHINAALREADYHASCONSIDERABLE5COMPETITIVENESSOFAGRI

26、CULTURALPRODUCTS,RICE,VEGETABLES,FRUITSANDANIMALPRODUCTS,AQUATICPRODUCTS,TEAHASAGREATERCOMPARATIVEADVANTAGEASADEVELOPINGCOUNTRYOFCHINASACCESSIONTOWTO,FAVORABLEINSTITUTIONALCONDITIONSFORCHINATOEXPANDEXPORTSANDDEVELOPANOPENECONOMYPROVIDESABROADSPACEHOWEVER,THE“GOINGOUT“ONTHEROADISNOTABRIGHTANDSUNNY,AS

27、CHINAHASACOMPARATIVEADVANTAGEINAGRICULTURALEXPORTSBEARTHEBRUNTOFASERIESOFDISAPPOINTMENTSALTHOUGHINRECENTYEARS,CHINASEXPORTSOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSYEARAFTERYEARHIGH,BUTAGRICULTURALEXPORTSHAVEBEENGROWINGFASTERTHANTOTALEXPORTGROWTHRATE,REASON,INADDITIONTOCHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSAREMAINLYPRIMARYPRODUCTS

28、,OTHERTHANTHELOWVALUEADDEDPRODUCTS,EXPORTSOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSREPEATEDTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERSABROAD,ISANOTHERBIGREASONSINCEAUGUST1996,THEEUMEMBERSTATESHAVESTOPPEDIMPORTINGPOULTRYMEATFROMCHINAANDSOMEAQUATICPRODUCTSCHINASRELEVANTDEPARTMENTSANDENTERPRISESWITHACOMPREHENSIVERECTIFICATIONANDREFORMTHEEULAW

29、SANDREGULATIONS,ANDIN1997RECEIVEDTHEDELEGATIONOFTHEEUROPEANUNIONVETERINARYINSPECTIONDELEGATIONTOINVESTIGATE,REPORTONCHINASRELEVANTWORKFULLYAFFIRMED,BUTTHEEUHASMADEONLYTHREEFACTORIESFROMCHINATORESUMEIMPORTSOFRABBITMEATSDECISIONINSEPTEMBER1998,INJUNE1999ANDOCTOBER1999,THEEUVETERINARYINSPECTIONDELEGATI

30、ONTOCHINAONTHREEOCCASIONSINMAY2000,THEEUANNOUNCEDTHERESOLUTION,APPROVEDINCHINASHANDONG,SHANGHAIWILLBEABLETOITSEXPORTSOFPOULTRY,BUTDIDNOTAPPROVEOFCHINASFACTORYREGISTRATION2001EUEXPERTSTOVISITOURANIMALSANDPRODUCTSOFANIMALORIGINMATERIALRESIDUEMONITORINGSYSTEM,ANDTHENTOTHEEUROPEANCOMMISSIONPRESENTEDAREP

31、ORTONTHEMONITORINGSYSTEMINCHINAREMAINSAONESIDED,UNREALISTICINSPECTIONREPORT,RESULTINGINCHINASEXPORTSOFFROZENCHICKENDECREASEDBY41,FRESHVEGETABLESANDTEMPORARYEXPORTOFPRESERVEDVEGETABLESDECREASEDBY20AND29INRECENTYEARS,MANYIMPORTINGCOUNTRIESISTOINCREASECHINASEXPORTSOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSFORINSPECTION,AN

32、DQUARANTINEEFFORTS,WHICHINTURNCONTRIBUTESIGNIFICANTLYTOCHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSMOREDIFFICULTJAPANIN2002INQINGDAOOFCHINASQUARANTINEITEMSBROILERPRODUCTSINCREASEDBY10INDICATORS,FORTHETEST6ITEMSFORTESTINGPESTICIDERESIDUESINVEGETABLESBYTHEACCESSIONTOTHEWTOBEFORETHE4TO46SOUTHKOREAONCHINASEXPORTSOFVEGETAB

33、LESDETECTIONOFONLYTHEHIGHESTINDICATORSOFPESTICIDERESIDUESINWHENITREACHED200EUROPEANUNIONONCHINASTEATESTITEMSFROMTHEPAST6TO62KINDSOFPESTICIDERESIDUESACCORDINGTO“CHINANEWS“REPORTEDTHATTHEUSISWORRIEDABOUTTHEIMPORTATIONOFPESTSANDDISEASESGROUNDSTHATSINCEAPRIL1,2005,THEBANONTHEIMPORTOFCHINASMANMADEARTIFIC

34、IALCHRISTMASTREESANDOTHERWOODORNAMENTS,THEBANWILLAFFECTCHINAALONEBILLIONSOFDOLLARSINEXPORTSTOTHEUNITEDSTATES2,CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSFACETRADEBARRIERSANALYSISOFGREENSOTHATOURCOUNTRYSECONOMICDEVELOPMENTPROCESSINTHEWASTEOFRESOURCES,ENVIRONMENTALPOLLUTION,VEGETATIONDAMAGE,SOILEROSION,GREATTHEREFORE,T

35、OSOMEEXTENTUNDERMINEDTHEAGRICULTURALPRODUCTIONENVIRONMENT,ANDBECAUSEOFHEALTH,PESTICIDES,STANDARDSAREOFTENARESULTOFIMPROPERFARMINGMETHODSFAILED,SOTHATCHINABECOMEABIGCOUNTRYHITTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERS1CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSFACETRADEBARRIERSINTHEDOMESTICGREENCAUSEANALYSISCHINASWEAKENVIRONMENTALAWARENES

36、S,THELACKOFTHECONCEPTOFGREENECONOMYCHINAINTHEPROCESSOFTRANSFORMATIONTOAMODERNAGRICULTURE,ALTHOUGHCROPYIELDSARERISING,BUTBECAUSEOFCHINASWEAKAWARENESSOFENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION,THEREISNOTAKETIMELYANDEFFECTIVEENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONMEASURES,LEADINGTOAGRICULTURALPOLLUTIONISALSOBECOMINGINCREASINGLYSERIOUS

37、19VARIOUSFORMSOFPOLLUTIONCAUSEDBYAGRICULTUREANDINDUSTRY,THROUGHTHESURROUNDINGENVIRONMENTSOIL,WATER,ETCACTINGONTHECROPS,SOTHATCONTAMINATIONOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTS,LEADINGTO“THEPROBLEMOFVEGETABLES,THEPROBLEMFOOD“PRODUCTIONINADDITION,FOODPROCESSING,PACKAGING,STORAGE,TRANSPORTATIONANDOTHERFACILITIESFORBA

38、CKWARDAREAS,LEADINGTOSERIOUSPOLLUTIONPROBLEMINTHEFOLLOWUPOFFOOD,CAUSINGFOODPRODUCTIONANDPRECONTAMINATIONISNOTREMOVED,FOLLOWUPTOTHESTATUSOFPOLLUTIONSTILLEXISTSHOWEVER,ATPRESENTTHEUNITEDSTATES,GERMANY,JAPANANDOTHERDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESHAVEESTABLISHEDANENVIRONMENTALLABELINGSYSTEM,THEINTERNATIONALORGANIZAT

39、IONFORSTANDARDIZATIONHASINTRODUCEDISO14000STANDARDCERTIFICATIONOFITSENVIRONMENTAL7MANAGEMENTSYSTEMTOBECOMEENTERPRISESAROUNDTHEWORLDAREIMPORTANTSTEPPINGSTONESACROSSTHEGREENTRADEBARRIERS,BUTDIDNOTMAKECHINASENTERPRISESAPOSITIVEREACTIONCHINASENVIRONMENTALSTANDARDSARETOOLOW,WEAKCAPACITYOFAGRICULTURALPROD

40、UCTIONENTERPRISECERTIFICATIONENVIRONMENTALSTANDARDSISRELATEDTOPOLLUTIONCONTROLANDENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONSTANDARDSINGENERALINCHINAHASNATIONALSTANDARDS,USINGINTERNATIONALSTANDARDSANDFOREIGNADVANCEDSTANDARDSOFLESSTHAN50,ASERIOUSLACKOFHIGHTECHSTANDARDSINADDITION,FOREIGNSTANDARDSINPRODUCTRESEARCHANDDEVEL

41、OPMENTPHASEHADBEGUNTODEVELOP,WHILECHINASSTANDARDSETTINGISRELATIVELYSLOWCYCLEISLONG,THEREISNOSTRICTCRITERIAFORCONSTRAININGASERIOUSIMPACTONTHEQUALITYOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSINCHINAONTHEOTHERHAND,CHINASAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSTOENTERFOREIGNMARKETS,ITISNECESSARYTOOBTAININTERNATIONALLYRECOGNIZEDANDSPECIFICIMPO

42、RTINGCOUNTRYOFGREENCERTIFICATION,SOMECOMPANIESWORRYTHATCERTIFICATIONWILLREDUCETHEPRICECOMPETITIVENESS,RESULTINGINCERTIFICATIONISNOTANACTIVE,WIDESPREADPSYCHOLOGICALLUCKSUCHASTHEGREENLABELCERTIFICATION,CHINASFOREIGNTRADEENTERPRISESTOOBTAINFOREIGNRECOGNITIONOFTHEGREENFLAG,NOTONLYHAVETOPAYALOTOFINSPECTI

43、ON,TESTING,EVALUATIONANDOTHEREXPENSES,BUTALSOALOTOFMONEYTOPAYTHEAPPLICATIONFEEANDSIGNTHECERTIFICATIONOFTHEUSEOFANNUALFEE,SOTHATSOMEENTERPRISESDAUNTINGAGRICULTURALQUARANTINESYSTEMISNOTSOUNDOCCURREDINRECENTYEARSFROMCHINASFAKERICE,TOXICMILKPOWDER,GUANSHENGYUANBADMOONCAKESTOTHEMOSTRECENTINCIDENTHASBEEND

44、ETECTED,“SUDANI“ANDOTHERINCIDENTS,“SUDANI“HADBEENBANNEDADECADEAGO,WHYALSOFOUNDINTODAYEXISTSINALARGENUMBEROFFOODS,FOODSAFETYCONCERNSINOTHERCOUNTRIES,THEOCCASION,CHINASHEALTHQUARANTINESYSTEMARESTILLNONEXISTENT,EVENMOREEXASPERATINGISTHATTHEREARESTILLSOMEOFFICIALSINTHEGREENLIGHT,SOTHATCHINASAGRICULTURAL

45、PRODUCERSLESSDEMANDINGOFTHEQUALITYOFITSPRODUCTSITSELF,WHICHLEDTODISRUPTIONOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSABROAD,THEGREENTRADEBARRIERS,SOTHEBUILDINGOFCHINASQUARANTINESYSTEMISIMPERATIVEFREEPAPERDOWNLOADCENTERHI138_COMENVIRONMENTALLAWSANDREGULATIONSARENOTSOUNDLAWENFORCEMENTISNOT8ENOUGHITISPRECISELYBECAUSEOFCHIN

46、ASLAWONTHENORMATIVESTANDARDSOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSARENOTPERFECT,WASDRILLEDINDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESAREOFTENLOOPHOLESINOURLAWSATPRESENT,CHINAATTRACTFOREIGNINVESTMENT,IMPORTANDOTHERSECTORSOFTHEENVIRONMENTALPROVISIONSARENOTPERFECT,FORIMPORTEDPRODUCTSANDFOREIGNINVESTEDENTERPRISESSTRICTENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION

47、REQUIREMENTSONFOREIGNPRODUCTSANDPOLLUTIONINTENSIVEENTERPRISESTOENTERTHECONTROLMORERELAXEDANDINFACT,THEREISFAILURETOABIDEBYTHELAXITYOFLAWENFORCEMENT2CHINASAGRICULTURALEXPORTSFACETRADEBARRIERSININTERNATIONALCAUSEANALYSISOFGREENTHEINTERNATIONALCOMMUNITYTOPROTECTTHEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTANDFOODSAFETYCONC

48、ERNSANDINCREASINGLYSTRONGWITHTHERAPIDECONOMICDEVELOPMENT,PEOPLESLIVINGSTANDARDSRISERAPIDLY,THEECOLOGICALVALUES,ISWIDELYACCEPTEDTHATPEOPLESOWNLIVINGENVIRONMENTANDHEALTHOFINCREASINGCONCERNTOFOODSECURITY,THEPURSUITOFHIGHGRADESENSEOFLIFE,GROWINGSTRONGERANDSTRONGER,FORCLOTHING,FOOD,ACCOMMODATION,HASBECOM

49、EINCREASINGLYSTRICTREQUIREMENTS,“GREEN“HASBECOMEAFASHION,AHEALTHYENDORSEMENTTHISPROMPTEDTHEGOVERNMENTTOADOPTLEGISLATIONINDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESTOMEETDOMESTICDEMANDFORRESIDENTSOFTHEGREEN,TOPROTECTTHEIRPRODUCTSINTHEDOMESTICMARKETMORECOMPETITIVETOTHISEND,DEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,THEGOVERNMENTWILLINTHEDOMESTICIMPLEMENTATIONOFGREENPRODUCTION,GREENMARKETINGANDGREENCONSUMPTION,IMPLEMENTINGGREENMANAGEMENT,THROUGHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFRELEVANTLAWSANDPOLICIES,CONSTRAINTSANDRESTRICTIONSABROAD,DOESNOTMEETTHENATIONALORINTERNATIONALENVIRONMENTALSTANDARDSFORAGRICULTURALPRODUC