国际商务函电的语言特征及应用【毕业论文】.doc

1、（20_届）本科毕业设计英语国际商务函电的语言特征及应用THELANGUAGEFEATURESANDAPPLICATIONSOFINTERNATIONALBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEI摘要随着经济和信息技术的快速发展,商务英语函电已成为对外贸易中不可缺少的组成部分，也是现代外贸活动中最常用也最有效的通讯手段之一；它是一种行业英语,主要用于对外经济贸易活动和社会活动中。如果没有往来的贸易电函,大部分的国际贸易活动都不可能顺利进行。因此,商务英语函电在对外贸易中的作用就是为双方的沟通交流搭起的桥梁,准确而具体地传递双方的各类相关信息。本文首先介绍了商务函电的相关知识，包括它的过去的

2、写法和现在的写法。其次从句法和词汇的角度来分析函电的语言特征，并且介绍了翻译技巧。第三部分主要分析了商务函电语言的五大原则，即清楚，简洁，礼貌，具体，正确；及其在实践中的应用。关键词商务函电；语言特点；函电应用IIABSTRACTWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGYANDECONOMY,BUSINESSENGLISHCORRESPONDENCEHASBECOMEANINTEGRALPARTOFTHEMODERNFOREIGNTRADEACTIVITIESINFOREIGNTRADE,ANDITISONEOFTHEMOSTCOMMONANDMOSTE

3、FFECTIVEMEANSOFCOMMUNICATIONITISATRADEENGLISH,WHICHUSEDINFOREIGNTRADEANDECONOMICACTIVITIESANDSOCIALACTIVITIESIFTHEREISNOCORRESPONDENCEWITHEACHOTHER,MOSTOFTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEACTIVITIESARENOTCARRIEDOUTSMOOTHLYTHEREFORE,BUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENTHETWOSIDESITCANP

4、ASSBOTHACCURATEANDSPECIFICTYPESOFINFORMATIONTHEARTICLEFIRSTINTRODUCESTHERELEVANTKNOWLEDGEOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCE,INCLUDINGITSPASTWAYOFWRITINGANDPRESENTWAYOFWRITINGSECONDLYFROMTHEANGLEOFVOCABULARYANDSYNTAX,THEARTICLEANALYSESLANGUAGEFEATUREOFBUSINESSLETTERS,ANDPRESENTSITSTRANSLATIONSKILLSINTHETHIRDPA

5、RT,THEARTICLEMAINLYENUMERATESFIVEPRINCIPLESOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCE,NAMELY,CLARITY,CONCISENESS,COURTESY,CONCRETENESS,CORRECTNESSANDITSAPPLICATIONINPRACTICEKEYWORDSBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCELANGUAGEFEATURESAPPLICATIONIIICONTENTSABSTRACTII1INTRODUCTION111BUSINESSLETTERSINTHEPAST112BUSINESSLETTERSINTHEMODE

6、RNSOCIETY22LANGUAGEFEATURESOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEANDTRANSLATIONTECHNIQUES221LANGUAGEFEATURES3211SYNTAX3212WORDS422TRANSLATIONTECHNIQUES5221SEMANTICLEVEL5222LEXICALLEVEL63THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFINTERNATIONALBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCE731THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCLARITY732THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCONCI

7、SENESS833THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCOURTESY1034THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCONCRETENESS1035THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCORRECTNESS114CONCLUSION11BIBLIOGRAPHY12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1311INTRODUCTIONLETTERSARECOMMONLYUSEDINDAILYLIFESUCHASNEGOTIATIONMATTERS,EXCHANGINGIDEAS,CONNECTINGFEELINGSANDITISANIMPORTANTTOOLTO

8、ENHANCEUNDERSTANDINGOFPEOPLELETTERSCANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOCATEGORIESPRIVATELETTERSANDBUSINESSLETTERSORBUSINESSLETTEROFOFFICIALCORRESPONDENCEPRIVATECORRESPONDENCEISTOCONNECTANDEXPRESSFEELINGS,WHILEENTERPRISESCOMMUNICATEWITHTHEOUTSIDEWORLDINTHEFORMOFBUSINESSLETTERSBUSINESSLETTERSCANBEWIDELYUSEDFORCONSULTI

9、NGINFORMATION,TRADENEGOTIATION,ORDERSFORGOODS,SELLINGGOODS,ASKINGFORACCOUNTRECEIVABLEANDSOONBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEISNOTONLYOFTENUSEDININTERNATIONALBUSINESSTRANSACTIONSOFTHECONTACT,BUTALSOANIMPORTANTAPPROACHANDBASICOFOPERATINGFOREIGNBUSINESSANDRELATEDDEALSININTERNATIONALTRADE,NEGOTIATIONSANDTHESIGNIN

10、GOFTHECONTRACTAREMOSTLYCARRIEDOUTBYWAYOFCORRESPONDENCEBECAUSEBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEISALEGALDOCUMENTTHEREFORE,FORMANDCONTENTAREBOTHIMPORTANTANDSHOULDBEPAIDATTENTIONADECENTBUSINESSLETTERCANNOTONLYACHIEVENEWCUSTOMERSFORTHECOMPANY,BUTALSOHELPSPROMOTEANDDEVELOPTHERELATIONSHIPSWITHCLIENTSCONVERSELY,INAPPR

11、OPRIATEEXPRESSIONWILLBEMISUNDERSTANDINGANDMAYEVENLEADTODISPUTESANDCONFLICTSWHICHWILLCAUSETHELOSSOFCONSUMERSATLASTHEREARETWOEXAMPLESTODESCRIBETHEBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEINTHEPASTANDINTHEMODERNSOCIETYTHEYHAVEDIFFERENTLANGUAGESTYLES11BUSINESSLETTERSINTHEPASTATONETIME,BUSINESSLETTERSTYLEWASASFORMALASTHEST

12、ARCHEDCOLLAREVERYBUSINESSMANWORETHEFOLLOWINGEXAMPLEISTYPICALDEARGENTLEMEN,YOURSOFTHE12THRECEIVEDINSTANT,ANDINREPLYBEGTOSTATETHATHEREWITHISFORWARDEDTHEREPORTUNDERCONSIDERATIONPLEASEBEADVISEDOFGENERALCONCURRENCEINDESIRETOEXPEDITEMATTERSREPEATINGOURTHANKS,WEARE,GENTLEMEN,YOUROBEDIENTSERVANTSNEWMAN,1987

13、THESTYLELIKETHISWASTAKENFORGRANTEDINITSDAYBECAUSESTOCKWORDSANDEXPRESSIONSSUCHAS“YOUR”AND“BEGTOSTATE”WEREWIDELYUSEDBYBUSINESSPEOPLEATTHATTIMEBEFOREWECRITICIZETHEM,WESHOULDREMEMBERTHATTHEIRWORLDWASDIFFERENTFROMOURSBUSINESS2RELATIONSHIPSWEREMOREFORMAL,ANDCOMPETITIONWASLESSKEENBUSINESSESCONCENTRATEDONFA

14、CTSRATHERTHANONPERSONALANDHUMANCONTACTSINTHEIRCORRESPONDENCE,FEARINGTHEAPPLICATIONOFTHELATTERMIGHTLEADTOMISUNDERSTANDINGSANDPOSSIBLELEGALACTIONSAGAINSTTHEMCONSEQUENTLYFORMAL,PRECISELEGALLANGUAGEDOMINATEDCOMPANYCORRESPONDENCEWITHOUTSIDERS12BUSINESSLETTERSINTHEMODERNSOCIETYDESPITETHECONSTANTUSEOFTHETE

15、LEPHONEINMODERNLIFEANDDESPITETHEPOPULARITYOFTHETELEXANDTHEUBIQUITOUSNESSOFPRINTEDFORMSLETTERSCONTINUETOBEWRITTENINMILLIONSHOWEVER,BUSINESSLETTERSDONOTCALLFORASPECIALKINDOF“BUSINESSENGLISH”THEMOSTDISTINCTIVEFEATUREOFNOWADAYSLETTERSISWRITTENSIMPLY,INANEASYANDNATURALWAYLIKEONEFRIENDLYHUMANBEINGTALKINGT

16、OANOTHERMAKINGTHELETTERS,THEN,SOUNDSASMUCHASPOSSIBLELIKEGOODCONVERSATIONTHEWARMERANDHOMELIER“IHAVERECEIVEDYOURLETTER”ISMOREPREFERABLETHAN“YOURLETTERHASBEENRECEIVED”THESIMPLE“THANKYOUFORYOURINQUIRYOFJANUARY3”ISMOREFREQUENTLYUSEDTHANTHEOLDFASHIONED“WEBEGTOACKNOWLEDGERECEIPTOFYOURESTEEMEDINQUIRYOFTHE3R

17、D,FORWHICHWETHANKYOU”THENTHEABOVELETTERCANBEREVISEDASFOLLOWSDEARSIRS,ASPERYOURLETTEROFTHE12TH,WEARESENDINGYOUTHEREPORTFORYOURCONSIDERATIONFOROURFURTHERNEGOTIATIONPLEASELETUSKNOWHOWTHEMATTERSTANDSNOWTHANKSFORYOURCOOPERATIONBESTREGARDSNEWMAN,19872LANGUAGEFEATURESOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEANDTRANSLATIONT

18、ECHNIQUESBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEHASTHREEPRINCIPLESACCURATE,CONCISEANDCLEAR,WHICHAREALLFORLANGUAGEREQUIREMENT,WHILE“COURTESY“AIMSATATTITUDEANDANGLEREQUIREMENTONTHECONTRARY,“SPECIFIC“ISTHEOVERALLREQUIREMENTFORTHEENTIRECONTENTSOFSEALEDLETTERSANDTELEGRAMSANDREQUIRESUSTOAVOIDUSINGTHEWHITEELEPHANT,WHOSECON

19、TENTCANNOTDEVIATEFROMTHEEXPRESSINGMEANINGBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEINVOLVESNOTONLYTHEUNIQUEPROFESSIONALBACKGROUND,BUTALSOTHEACTUALBUSINESSSKILLSITSFEATURESCANBESUMMARIZEDASTWOFORONETHING,BUSINESSCORRESPONDENCECONTAINSTRADE,FINANCE,FOREIGNEXCHANGE,CUSTOMS,COMMODITYINSPECTION,ANDMANYOTHERAREAS,SHOWINGTHEV

20、ARIETIESINDUSTRYSCHARACTERISTICSTHEREFORE,LANGUAGEHASSTRONGSELECTIVITYBUSINESSPEOPLEHAVETHESPECIFICANDCAREFULMODEOFTHINKING,3PAYINGATTENTIONTOLANGUAGEEXPRESSIONITEMBODIESEXPRESSIONOFSTRAIGHTFORWARD,SIMPLEANDBRIGHT,ANDUSINGFEWMODIFICATIONS,ANDNORMALTERMS,RIGOROUSGRAMMATICALSTRUCTURE,FIXEDORDEROFSENTE

21、NCEARRANGEMENT,ANDCOHERENTANDLOGICALDISCOURSE21LANGUAGEFEATURESTHEBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEHASTWOASPECTSOFLANGUAGEFEATURES,WHICHARESYNTAXANDWORD211SYNTAXACCORDINGTOTHESYNTAXFEATURE,THEREARESOMEEXAMPLESTOTESTIT1FIXEDSENTENCEEXPRESSIONFOREXPRESSINGEXPLICITLY,BUSINESSENGLISHCORRESPONDENCEHASBECOMETHELANGU

22、AGEWITHFIXEDSETFOREXAMPLE“THANKYOUFORYOURLETTERINACCORDANCEWITHYOURREQUEST,WESENDYOUHEREWITHASTATEMENTOFYOURACCOUNTWHICHWEHOPEYOUWILLFINDCORRECTOURORDERISSUBJECTTOYOURACCEPTANCEOFOURTERMSOFPAYMENTSBYD/P”2THESTRUCTUREOFSTATEMENTISBASEDONCOMPLEXANDLONGSENTENCES,RARELYUSINGSIMPLESENTENCESTHE“BRANCHSTRU

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24、EARLY4ASENTENCEEXTENSIVELYUSESEXTERNALSTRUCTURES,ANDITSCORECANBEDESCRIBEDWITHTHEOBJECTCLAUSEORAPPOSITIVECLAUSEINTHEFORMOFSTATEMENTSSUCHAS“WEWISHTOINFORMYOUTHATWEARE/WEARECONFIDENTTHAT/YOUWILLFINDTHAT”THEFORMISMOREPROMINENTANDTHELEVELISVERYCLEAR5INASENTENCE,SOMECOMPOSITIONSWITHLOGICALCONNECTIONMOSTLY

25、USEPHRASEORPHRASESRATHERTHANCLAUSES,SUCHAS“MADEOFSUPERIORMATERIALWITHTHESECLOTHES”THISSENTENCEISMOREFORMAL,RIGOROUS,ANDSHOWSGENEROSITYANDGRACE6WHENINVOLVINGSOMEWAYS,FREQUENCY,DIRECTIONOFTHECONTENTRELATEDTOSTATEANDBEHAVIOR,THESENTENCEISLISTEDINSEPARATEWAY,SUCHAS“PLEASESENDUS,BYAIRMAIL“,THEFORMISSIMPL

26、EANDCLEARINSHORT,BUSINESSENGLISHCORRESPONDENCECOMMONLYUSEDCOMPLEXSENTENCES,LONGSENTENCESANDPASSIVEVOICEONSYNTAX212WORD4ONTHEVOCABULARY,BUSINESSENGLISHCORRESPONDENCEUSUALLYUSESTECHNICALTERMS,POLITEWORDS,MODALVERBS,BIGWORDSANDARCHAICWORDSONTHECHOOSINGWORDS,ITISNOTNECESSARYTODELIBERATELYPURSUEFLOWERYRH

27、ETORIC,ASLONGASTHEYDONOTAFFECTTHEPRINCIPLESOFCOURTESYANDCONSIDERATION,WORDSELECTINGCONCISELYASMUCHASPOSSIBLE,INORDERTOSHOWTHEFRIENDLYRELATIONSHIPANDTHERELAXEDATMOSPHEREIFINVOLVINGSPECIALIZEDBUSINESS,APPROPRIATEWORDSCANBEUSEDTOSHOWONESOWNBUSINESSSKILLANDSTRENGTHINFACT,THECHOICEOFWORDSCANSETOFFTHETONE

28、ANDATMOSPHEREOFCORRESPONDENCEWHENTHECORRESPONDENCENEEDSTOTRANSLATE,THEPROFESSIONALTRANSLATIONOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEMASTERSTHEVOCABULARYSUCHASSURCHARGES,IRREVOCABLELETTEROFCREDIT,CLEARANCESALE,L/C,CIF,FOB,CBDANDOTHERCASHDELIVERYTHESEWORDSINALLSTAGESOFBUSINESSOPERATIONS,ESPECIALLYONPRICETERMS,PAYMEN

29、T,INSURANCEANDOTHERCORRESPONDENCEAPPEARSFREQUENTLY,CONTENTSPECIFIC,MEANINGCLEAR,ACCURATEENGLISHBUSINESSLETTERTOACHIEVINGANEFFECTIVEMEANSOFEXPRESSIONINADDITION,THEREPETITIONANDTHEELLIPSISOFWORDSINBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCEISMORECOMMONSOMEKEYWORDSAREOFTENUSEDINCONJUNCTIONWITHSYNONYMPHENOMENONFOREXAMPLE,“T

30、HEPACKINGANDWRAPPINGEXPENSESSHOULDBEBORNEBYTHEBUYER“PACKING“AND“WRAPPING“INTHESENTENCEARESYNONYMOUS,MEANING“PACKAGING“INTHEORIGINALTEXTTHEYAREREUSED,INORDERTOENSURETHATTHEWORDSARENOTMISINTERPRETEDFORANOTHER,THEWORDSSHOULDBEACCURATEANDPAYATTENTIONTOPOLYSEMOUSFOREXAMPLE,“THEPRODUCTWILLFINDAGOODMARKETI

31、NNEWYORK”“CHINESETOYPRODUCTSAREVERYPOPULARINEUROPEWEWOULDLIKETOWORKWITHYOUTOMARKETTHEMINCANADA”FROMTHEABOVETWOCASES,“MARKET”NOTONLYMEANSTHEMARKET,BUTALSOMEANSSALESOWESHOULDBESURETOCONSIDERCAREFULLYENSURINGACCURACYWHENUSINGTHEWORDSANDWEDBETTERUSESHORTANDSIMPLEVERBSMANYPEOPLETHINKTHATSHORTANDSIMPLEWOR

32、DSAREMUCHBETTERTHANTHOSEBEAUTIFULWORDSTOIMPRESSTHEREADERTHELONGWORDSWHICHLIKETHEMAZELIKEWILLMISLEADREADERSORDONOTBEUNDERSTANDABLEFINALLY,BUSINESSLETTERSSHOULDTRYTOUSETHESPECIFICWORDSRATHERTHANABSTRACTTERMSANDTOUSEPOSITIVEANDPOLITEWORDSTHEYSHOULDAVOIDUSINGAMBIGUOUSTERMSANDAVOIDREUSINGADJECTIVESANDADV

33、ERBS22TRANSLATIONTECHNIQUESASWEKNOW,CHINESELANGUAGEANDENGLISHLANGUAGEHAVETHEIRDIFFERENCESINSOMANYASPECTSTHATISWHYDURINGTHEBILINGUALTRANSFORMATION,THETRANSLATORWILLINEVITABLYCOMEACROSSDIFFICULTIESINTHISPART,SEVERALCOMMONLYUSEDCHINESEENGLISHTRANSLATIONTECHNIQUESWILLBEANALYZEDFROMSEMANTICANDLEXICALLEVE

34、LSWITHTHEPURPOSEOFFACILITATINGTHETRANSLATORTOCREATEAPERFECTENGLISHBUSINESSLETTER5221SEMANTICLEVELTRANSLATORSAREPRIMARILYCONCERNEDWITHCOMMUNICATINGTHEOVERALLMEANINGOFASTRETCHOFLANGUAGETOACHIEVETHIS,THEYNEEDTOSTARTBYDECODINGTHEUNITSANDSTRUCTURES,WHICHCARRYTHATMEANINGTHESMALLESTUNIT,WHICHTHEYWOULDEXPEC

35、TTOPOSSESSANINDIVIDUALMEANING,ISTHEWORDBECAUSEALARGEVARIETYOFVOCABULARYISBUSINESSWORLD,THECHOICEOFWORDSORDICTIONISEXTREMELYIMPORTANTALOTOFCOMMERCIALTERMSAREINVOLVEDINBUSINESSLETTERSTHEYALLHAVETHEIROWNCORRESPONDINGTRANSLATIONSTAKETHEFOLLOWINGASEXAMPLES“询盘”INQUIRY,“发盘”OFFER,“议付”NEGOTIATION,“改证”AMENDME

36、NTTOL/C,“抬头”INFAVOROF,“保险商”UNDERWRITER,“平舱费”TRIMMINGCHARGES,“预约保单”OPENPOLICYTHEREAREALSOSOMECOMMONEXPRESSIONS,SUCHAS“现货”GOODSFROMSTOCK,“告罄”BEEXHAUSTED,“货物灭失”PHYSICALLOSS,“需求甚殷”ABRISKDEMANDFOR,“市场疲软”AWEAKMARKETIFTHEWORDCANBETRANSLATEDINTOSEVERALWAYSINTHETARGETLANGUAGE,TRANSLATORSHAVETOCHOOSEONEOFTHEB

37、ESTTRANSLATIONSACCORDINGTOITSLINGUISTICCONTEXTANDSITUATIONALCONTEXTTAKE“联系”FORANEXAMPLECHINESE如贵方对我方轮胎有需要，请予我方上海分公司联系索取报价。ENGLISHIFYOUAREINTERESTEDINOURTYRES,PLEASEAPPROACHOURSHANGHAIBRANCHFORANOFFERCHINESE什么时候需要我们帮忙，请不要客气，随时与我们联系。ENGLISHWHEREVERYOUNEEDOURASSISTANCE,PLEASEDONTHESITATETOCONTACTUSCHIN

38、ESE回国后，我们将尽快写信与你联系。ENGLISHWESHALLCOMMUNICATEWITHYOUFURTHERASSOONASWEGOBACKTOCHINAHOWEVER,SOMEWORDSCANNOTFINDTHEIRCORRESPONDINGTRANSLATIONSINTHETARGETLANGUAGEINSUCHACASE,WECANGIVETHEMWITHEXPLANATIONSSUCHAS“澡堂”WEHADBETTERTRANSLATEITINTO“PUBLICBATHROOM”SOMETIMESWECANTRANSLITERATETHEMANDTHENGIVETHEEXPLA

39、NATIONTAKE“旗袍”ASANEXAMPLESINCE“CHEONGSAM”CANNOTBEWELLACCEPTEDWEHADBETTERTRANSLATEITINTO“QIPAO,ACLOSEFITTINGWOMANSDRESSWITHHIGHNECKANDSLITSKIRT”222LEXICALLEVELFORTHISLEVEL,CONVERSION,OMISSION,NEGATIONSARETHETHREECOMMONLYUSEDTECHNIQUES1CONVERSIONAMONGTHEMOSTDISTINCTIVEFEATURESBETWEENCHINESEANDENGLISH,

40、THEENGLISHLANGUAGEUSESMORENOUNSWHILETHECHINESELANGUAGEUSESMOREVERBSINTRANSLATINGBUSINESSLETTERSCONVERSIONCANHELPTHETRANSLATORMAKEHISORHEREDITIONMOREFLUENTANDMOREACCORDANTTOTHETARGETLANGUAGENOTICETHEFOLLOWINGEXAMPLES6CHINESE贵方没有按合同规定及时把货备妥，致使我方派去装货的船只滞期3天18小时。POORTHEFACTTHATYOUFAILEDTOGETTHEGOODSREAD

41、YFORLOADINGINACCORDANCEWITHTHETIMEOFSHIPMENTASSTIPULATEDINTHECONTRACTHASRESULTEDINTHETIMEONDEMURRAGEFORTHEVESSELSENTBYUSFOR3DAYSAND18HOURSBETTERYOURFAILURETOGETTHEGOODSREADYFORLOADINGINACCORDANCEWITHTHETIMEOFSHIPMENTASSTIPULATEDINTHECONTRACTHASRESULTEDINTHETIMEONDEMURRAGEFORTHEVESSELSENTBYUSFOR3DAYS

42、AND18HOURSTHEFIRSTTRANSLATIONISWORDYANDUNCLEARBUTAFTERWECHANGETHEVERB“FAIL”INTOITSNOUNFORM“FAILURE”,THESENTENCEBECOMESMUCHCLEARER2OMISSIONOMISSIONDOESNOTMEANRANDOMLYOMITTINGTHECONTENTINTHESOURCELANGUAGEBUTMEANAPPROPRIATELYOMITTINGTHEEXPRESSIONSWHICHARENOTINCONFORMITYWITHTHOSEINTHETARGETLANGUAGE3NEGA

43、TIONTHEREAREALSODISTINCTIVEFEATURESBETWEENCHINESEANDENGLISHWHENWEEXPRESSOURNEGATIVEMEANINGINBUSINESSLETTERS,NEGATIVESENTENCESINCHINESEUSUALLYAREMUCHBETTERTRANSLATEDINTOTHESENTENCESWITHAFFIRMATIVEINFORMBUTNEGATIVEINMEANINGTHANTRANSLATEDINTOTHESENTENCESWITH“NOT”OR“NO”（张金玲,2002）3THEPRACTICALAPPLICATION

44、OFINTERNATIONALBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCELANGUAGEWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY,MULTIMEDIATECHNOLOGYANDWEBTECHNOLOGY,THEEWAYSSUCHASFAX,INTERNET,EMAIL,AREALWAYSMUCHEFFICIENTANDECONOMICALANDPAPERMADELETTERSARELESSANDLESSUSEDINCORRESPONDINGHOWEVER,WHENITCOMESTOTHECONTENTANDTHEFORMOFINFORMATION,T

45、HEBASICPATTERN,EXPRESSIONWAYSANDINNERSAREALMOSTTHESAMEASTHEPASTINOTHERWORDS,WECOULDJUSTTAKEFAXANDEMAILASWAYSTODELIVERAMAILTOAFAXORANEMAILBOXESPECIALLYWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFEBUSINESSSACCOMPANY,ITISMUCHEASIERFORIMPORTERSANDEXPORTERSTOMAKEADVERTISING,NEWSPAPERPRICE,ORDERS,CONTRACTS,ENDPAYMENTANDSOMEMOREE

46、LSEONLINETOAPPLYEBUSINESSISONEOFTHEMOSTEFFICIENTWAYSTOIMPROVETHEINTERNATIONALTRADEWHILETOBEDIGITIZEDANDWEBIFIEDISTHEDIRECTIONOFINTERNATIONALTRADESACCORDINGTOWHATSTAFFWORKINGINFOREIGNTRADE,BUSINESSCOMMUNICATIONS,INTHESEDAYS,AREUSUALLYINTHEFORMOFEMAILOR,SOMETIMES,TELEXWHILEMAKEPHONECALLSOCCASIONALLYIN

47、TERNATIONALBUSINESSCOOPERATIONINCREASESWITHTHEACCELERATEDPACEOFWORLDECONOMICINTEGRATIONAFTERJOININGINTOTHEWTO,CHINASECONOMICEXCHANGESWITHOTHERMEMBER7COUNTRIESBECOMEMOREANDMOREFREQUENTAND,ATTHESAMETIME,FOREIGNECONOMICTRADEANDTECHNOLOGICALCOOPERATIONDEVELOPMUCHRAPIDERTHANEVERASTHEINTERNATIONALBUSINESS

48、DEVELOPS,BUSINESSENGLISHISANINDISPENSABLEMEANSOFINTERNATIONALBUSINESSDEALINGSANDMOSTOFTHEASPECTSINFOREIGNTRADEARECONDUCTEDBYCORRESPONDENCEASWORLDTRADESFLOURISHTHEREFORE,MODERNINTERNATIONALTRADEISALSOBEINGCALLEDTHE“DOCUMENTEDTRADE”WITHINTHEOPERATINGPRACTICESOFINTERNATIONALTRADE,ALLCORRESPONDENCEINEVE

49、RYTRADESECTORCONSTITUTEIMPORTANTLEGALBASISESPECIALLYWHENTRADEDISPUTEAPPEARS,THECORRESPONDENCEWOULDOFTENBEAFACTORTOINFLUENCETHEOUTCOMEINTERNATIONALTRADESAREINCREASINGLYDEPENDENTONTHEPROCESSOFDOCUMENTEXCHANGESAND,INTHEMEANWHILE,THEROLEOFBUSINESSCORRESPONDENCECENTERISMOREANDMOREOBVIOUS31THEPRACTICALAPPLICATIONOFCLARITYCLARITYISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTPRINCIPLEOFWRITINGABUSINESSLETTERAMBIGUOUSEXPRESSIONANDMISLEADINGWORDSMAYCAUSEMISUNDERSTANDINGANDAMBIGUITYANDEVENRESULTINTRADELOSSESTOCONVEYTHEPRECISELYMEANINGOFABUSINESSLETTERCALLSFORTHEACCURATECONCISEWORDSANDCORRECTSENTENCESASAKINDOFWORLDTRADELANGU