中美身势语的比较【毕业论文】.doc

1、（20_届）本科毕业设计英语中美身势语的比较ACOMPARISONBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANBODYLANGUAGEI摘要语言是一种交流工具，但是起辅助作用的身势语在人类交流中也起着不可忽视的作用。身势语又称体态语，是人类交际中最常见的一种非语言交际手段。身势语对话语意义起着不可低估的作用，如补充，强调，表情，象征或替代作用。身势语同语言一样，都是文化的一部分。在不同文化中，身势语的意义并不完全相同。各个民族有不同的非语言交际方式。了解英汉身势语的不同文化内涵，有助于中西国家的人民之间更好地交流，增进感情与心态的理解。本文着重分析中美身势语的差异，就具体的手势、姿势、面

2、部表情和眼神等进行了对比分析和论证。通过对中美身势语的比较研究，帮助人们尊重理解中美文化的差异，提高跨文化交际能力，从而促进有效交流，避免误解。关键词身势语；文化差异；跨文化交际；IIABSTRACTASACOMMUNICATIVETOOL,BODYLANGUAGEISVERYIMPORTANTINMANYSITUATIONSBODYLANGUAGEISALSOCALLEDKINESICSWHICHBELONGSTOTHESCOPEOFNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBUTINDIFFERENTCULTURES,BODYLANGUAGEMEANSTHEDIFFERENTTHINGS

3、DIFFERENTPEOPLEHAVEDIFFERENTWAYSOFMAKINGNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINUTTERANCEMEANINGSUCHASSUPPLEMENT，ACCENTING，EXPRESSION，SYMBOLORSUBSTITUTEUNDERSTANDINGTHEDIFFERENTCULTURALIMPLICATIONOFENGLISHANDCHINESEBODYLANGUAGECANPROMOTEPEOPLESCROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONCOMPETENCE,REI

4、NFORCETHEHEARTTOHEARTUNDERSTANDINGANDINTHEENDWILLBENEFITTHECOMMUNICATIONBETWEENEASTERNERSANDWESTERNERSTHISTHESISINTENDSTOSTUDYTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESINBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANCULTURES,ANDGIVESEXAMPLESOFBODYLANGUAGEDIFFERENCESINCHINAANDAMERICARANGINGFROMGESTURES,POSTURES,FACIALEXPRESSIONS

5、ANDEYECONTACTSWECANUNDERSTANDTHECULTUREDIFFERENCESTHROUGHCOMPARATIVESTUDYOFBODYLANGUAGESBETWEENTWOCOUNTRIES,ANDREACHTHEAIMOFCOMMUNICATIONEFFECTIVELYANDSUCCESSFULLY,ANDTHENWECANAVOIDMISUNDERSTANDINGKEYWORDSBODYLANGUAGECULTURALDIFFERENCECROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONIIICONTENTSABSTRACTII1INTRODUCTION111DE

6、FINITIONSOFBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREDIFFERENCE112THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTURE213SIGNIFICANCEOFBODYLANGUAGE22LITERATUREREVIEW23SIMILARITIESOFBODYLANGUAGE44DIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGE441GESTURES5411SAMEGESTURES,DIFFERENTMEANING5412DIFFERENTGESTURES,SAMEMEANING6413GESTURESANDMEANINGINONECUL

7、TURE642POSTURES643FACIALEXPRESSIONS744EYECONTACTS85CONCLUSION9BIBLIOGRAPHY10ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1111INTRODUCTIONINMODERNSOCIETY,MOSTCOUNTRIESINTHEWORLDCOMMUNICATEWITHEACHOTHERFREQUENTLYTHEWORLDISBECOMINGSMALLERANDSMALLER,WHICHHASBECOMEAGLOBALVILLAGEWEAREBENEFICIALFROMCROSSCULTURALCONNECTIONINTERCULTURAL

8、COMMUNICATIONISTHEPROCESSOFCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENPEOPLEFROMDIFFERENTCULTURALBACKGROUNDSITCANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWOTYPESVERBALCOMMUNICATIONANDNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONPEOPLECANCOMMUNICATEWITHONEANOTHERNOTONLYTHROUGHVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBUTALSOTHROUGHNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONMOREOVER,THELATTERPLAYSANESSENTIALROLEANDM

9、AINLYEXPRESSESREALEMOTIONANDATTITUDETHROUGHFACIALEXPRESSION,POSTURE,EYEBEHAVIOR,SOUND,ETCWHENWESPEAK,WEUSEMUCHMORETHANJUSTWORDSWEALSOCOMMUNICATEWITHOURFACE,OURHANDS,ANDEVENOUROWNBODIESTHISKINDOFCOMMUNICATIONCANBECALLEDBODYLANGUAGEORNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEISTHEUNSPOKENCOMMUNICATIONTHATGOES

10、ONINEVERYFACETOFACEENCOUNTERWITHANOTHERHUMANBEINGBODYLANGUAGEISWIDELYUSED,IFWEIGNORETHEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATION,THEMISUNDERSTANDINGANDCULTURALCRASHOFTENOCCURSINTHECROSSCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONAPSYCHOLOGISTPROPOSEDAFORMULATHETOTALIMPACTOFMESSAGE7VERBAL38VOCAL55FACIALEXPRESSIONSANDBEHAVIORXU

11、XIAODAN,200489ITISCLEARWITHOUTBODYLANGUAGETHATWECANTFINISHOURINFORMATIONALEXCHANGEBODYLANGUAGE,LIKEVERBALLANGUAGECANEXPRESSEMOTIONS,EXCHANGEIDEASANDDELIVERINFORMATIONSOWEMUSTKNOWTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGETOACHIEVEEFFICIENTCOMMUNICATION11DEFINITIONSOFBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREDIFFERENCENONVERBA

12、LCOMMUNICATIONISAPROCESSINWHICHCOMMUNICATORSUSETHENATURALFEATURESOFTHEIRBODIESTODELIVERINFORMATIONANDEXPRESSSPECIFICMEANINGINSTINCTIVELYTOTHEOTHERCOMMUNICATORTHESTUDYOFNONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONCOVERSTHREEMAJORPARTSPROXEMICS,KINESICSORBODYLANGUAGE,ANDPARALANGUAGEKINESICSISALSOCALLEDBODYLANGUAGE,WHICHSTU

13、DIESTHEMEANINGSOFTHEMOVEMENTOFALLPARTSOFBODYANDITINCLUDESMANYNONVERBALBEHAVIORSSUCHASEYELANGUAGE,GESTURES,POSTURES,FACIALEXPRESSIONS,TOUCHANDSOONCULTUREISACONCEPTIONWHICHINCLUDESTHEMATERIALFORTUNEANDSPIRITFORTUNECULTUREDIFFERENCEISTHEDIFFERENCEOFTHECONVICTIONANDCONFORMITYINCROSSCULTUREFORMANDPATTERN

14、CULTURE,WHICHHASSPECIALRACIALCHARACTER,ISTHECREATIONOFDIFFERENTPEOPLEINPARTICULARLYHISTORICALANDGEOGRAPHICALENVIRONMENTTHEESSENCEOFLANGUAGEEXCHANGEISTHEEXCHANGEOFCULTURE12THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTURELIKEVERBALLANGUAGE,BODYLANGUAGEISALSOAPARTOFCULTURETHESAMEBODYLANGUAGEALSOHAS2GREATD

15、IFFERENCEINDIFFERENTCULTUREBACKGROUNDSOBEFORELEARNINGANDSTUDYINGBODYLANGUAGEPEOPLEMUSTUNDERSTANDTHEIMPORTANTRELATIONSHIPSBETWEENBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREININTERCOMMUNICATIONBECAUSEBOTHBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREAREPASSEDFROMONEGENERATIONTOTHENEXTGENERATIONNATURALLYBODYLANGUAGEANDCULTUREAREINSEPARABLE,THEFOR

16、MINGOFBODYLANGUAGEISDECIDEDBYACERTAINCULTUREBACKGROUND,THERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHEMISCLOSEANDCOMPLICATEDPEOPLEALWAYSPAYMOREATTENTIONANDSHOWMORESENSIBILITYTOTHEOTHERCOUNTRIESBODYLANGUAGETHANTOTHEIROWNTHEMISTAKEOFBODYLANGUAGEWOULDLEADTOMORESERIOUSCONFLICTSIFTHESPEAKERSSPEAKOTHERCOUNTRYSLANGUAGEFREQUENT

17、LYWHILEUSEIMPROPERBODYLANGUAGE,ITMEANSTHEYBRINGABOUTMORESERIOUSMISTAKEBECAUSEBODYLANGUAGESTANDSFORMOTIONEXPRESSION13SIGNIFICANCEOFBODYLANGUAGEBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATIONISVERYIMPORTANTINPEOPLESCOMMUNICATIONWHENWETALKWITHOTHERPEOPLE,WECANLEAVEFIRSTIMPRESSIONSBYUSINGBODYLANGUAGEWEALWAYSJUDGEAPERSONCOMIN

18、GFROMNONVERBALINFORMATION,ESPECIALLYBODYLANGUAGEWECHOOSEAPARTNERISBASEDONTHEPEOPLEWHOGIVEUSTHEFIRSTIMPRESSIONFOREXAMPLE,ITISSAIDTHATFALLINLOVEATFIRSTSIGHTWHETHERWECANHAVEALONGTERMASSOCIATIONWITHOTHERPERSONISBASEDONTHEFIRSTIMPRESSIONBODYLANGUAGEISSOIMPORTANTTHATSOMEPEOPLETHINKOFBODYLANGUAGEASEQUALTON

19、ONVERBALCOMMUNICATIONMOREANDMOREPEOPLEREALIZETHEIMPORTANCEOFBODYLANGUAGECOMMUNICATIONOURFEELINGSARESHOWEDINOURGESTURE,POSTURE,FACIALEXPRESSIONANDEYECONTACTITCANBEHAPPY,SAD,ANDANXIOUSANDANGERANDSOONTHEREFORE,WECANSHOWOURATTITUDEANDEXPRESSOURSELVESWITHOUTSPEAKINGANYTHINGITISWELLKNOWNTHATNONVERBALACTIO

20、NSHAVECLOSECONNECTIONWITHCULTUREPEOPLEMAYUNDERSTANDTHEBODYLANGUAGEINCORRECTLY,BECAUSEPEOPLEOFDIFFERENTBEHAVIORSWHOSENDTHESAMEMESSAGEWITHDIFFERENTGESTURESOFTHEBODYTHEREFOREITISHIGHLYNECESSARYTOMAKECROSSCULTURALSTUDIESOFTHEBODYLANGUAGE2LITERATUREREVIEWMANYRESEARCHERSDEVOTETHEMSELVESTODOINGRESEARCHFORB

21、ODYLANGUAGE,BECAUSEITPLAYSALEADINGROLEINPEOPLECOMMUNICATIONCHINESERESEARCHERSHAVEMADEALOTOFCONTRIBUTIONTOBODYLANGUAGECHINESESTUDYONBODYLANGUAGEORIGINATEDINTHE1970SANDPROSPEREDINTHE1980SGENGERLINGINTRODUCESTHETYPICALWORKSOFBODYLANGUAGEIN1988,LIURUNQINGANDDENGYANCHANGSWORKLANGUAGEANDCULTURE1989,PRACTI

22、CALBODYLANGUAGEEDITEDBYFANYUNHUAANDLIJIEQUN1991HUWENZHONGWROTEANDTRANSLATEDSOMEINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONWHICHNAMEDASINTRODUCTIONTOINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONIN1999,ETC3THEAUTHOROFTHISTHESISHASALSOMADEASURVEYONCHINASACADEMICPERIODICALNETWORKTHERESULTISINTHESECTIONOFARTSSCIENCEANDGENERALEDUCATIONANDSO

23、CIALSCIENCEFROM1994TO2008,THEAUTHORHASHIT79PAPERSALTOGETHERBYTYPING体态语OR身势语BODYLANGUAGEASKEYWORDSAND7PAPERSALTOGETHERBYTYPING体态语,文化差异BODYLANGUAGE,CULTURALDIFFERENCEASKEYWORDSINADDITION,CHINESERESEARCHERSINVESTIGATIONONBODYLANGUAGECANBEDIVIDEDINTOTWODIVISIONSONEISCULTURALDIFFERENCES,THEOTHERISCOMMUNI

24、CATIVEFUNCTIONSSOMERESEARCHERSOFTHEPREVIOUSDIVISIONCONCENTRATEONTHECONSEQUENCEOFUSINGBODYLANGUAGEINOURCOMMUNICATINGWITHOTHERS,THATISTOSAY,HOWTOMAKETHECOMMUNICATIONEASYBYUSINGTHEBODYLANGUAGESOMEOTHERSCHOLARSESPECIALLYTEACHERS,PAYMOREATTENTIONTOHOWTOMAKETHEIRCLASSMOREEFFECTIVEANDINTERESTINGBYUSINGCERT

25、AINBODYLANGUAGES,ORTEACHERSAWARENESSOFTHEIRNONVERBALBEHAVIORSINTHECLASSROOMHELPTHEMBECOMEMOREPROFICIENTATRECEIVINGSTUDENTSMESSAGESASWELLASSENDINGACCURATEMESSAGESSCHOLARS,WHOMAKETHESTUDYOFTHECULTURALDIFFERENCEOFBODYLANGUAGESWECANGETACONCLUSIONTHATCULTURALDIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGE,ASBARRIERSTOINTERCUL

26、TURALCOMMUNICATION,MOREANDMORESCHOLARSAREPAYINGMOREATTENTIONTOITWHILEINWESTERNCOUNTRY,THERESEARCHONNONVERBALBEHAVIOROCCURREDINTHE1950SKNAPPANDHALLINDICATEDTHESEANTHROPOLOGISTSWERERESPONSIBLEFORTAKINGSOMEOFTHEPRINCIPLESOFLINGUISTICANDAPPLYINGTHEMTONONVERBALPHENOMENA,PROVIDINGNEWLABELSFORTHESTUDYOFBOD

27、YMOVEMENTSKINESICSALOTOFBOOKSONBODYLANGUAGEHAVEINTHEAREAOFSOCIOLOGYANDANTHROPOLOGYTHEDEFINITIONOFKINESICSINTRODUCEDBYBIRDWHISTELINHISBOOKNAMEDINTRODUCTIONTOKINESICSIN1952ITREFERSTOTHESCIENTIFICSTUDYOFTHEBODYLANGUAGE,ANDITSAIMISTOFORMHUMANSACTIONSANDBODYBEHAVIORS,FINALLYWECANSTUDYSYSTEMATICALLYTHEREL

28、ATIONSHIPBETWEENNONVERBALBODYMOVEMENTSANDCOMMUNICATIONBODYLANGUAGEINTRODUCEDBYAMERICANANTHROPOLOGISTIN1970DISCUSSEDTHECOMMUNICATIVEMEANINGSANDFUNCTIONSOFBODYLANGUAGECOMPLETELYTHERESEARCHERSNAMEDASRAYBIRDWHISTELLINTHEEARLY1970SSHOWEDTHATMOREANDMOREHUMANCOMMUNICATIONAPPEAREDBYTHEUSEOFGESTURESANDPOSTUR

29、ESTHANBYANYOFMEANSNOMATTERWHATEVERCULTURE,WORDSANDMOVEMENTSTOOKPLACETOGETHERHETOLDUSHOWTOKNOWWHATKINDOFLANGUAGETHEPEOPLEARETALKINGABOUT,JUSTBYTHEUSEOFWATCHINGHISGESTURESINTHE1980SMOREANDMOREPEOPLEPAIDMOREATTENTIONTORECOGNIZINGTHEVARIOUSWAYSBODYACTIONSWORKED,SOTHEYCANACHIEVECOMMONCOMMUNICATIVEAIMSTHA

30、TISTOSAY,THEYTRIEDTOPUTEFFORTONTHECOMMUNICATIONTHERESEARCHONBODYLANGUAGEHASBECOMEALARGEPARTOFTHESYSTEMOFINTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATION,BECAUSEITPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINCOMMUNICATIONANDITSCULTURALVARIATIONSOWINGTOCULTURALDIFFERENCES,THESAMEBODYLANGUAGEHASDIFFERENT4MEANINGSANDCOMMUNICATIVEFUNCTIONS,WHICHCAU

31、SESALOTOFTROUBLEININTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATIONTHEREFORE,ININTERCULTURALCOMMUNICATION,ITISOFGREATIMPORTANCEFORUSTOUNDERSTANDTHEBODYLANGUAGE3SIMILARITIESOFBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANTHOUGHDIFFERENTCULTURESRESULTINDIFFERENTBODYLANGUAGES,THEYALSOHAVECOMMONFEATURESFOREXAMPLE,CHAPLIN,MASTEROFCOMED

32、Y,WASVERYPOPULARWITHPEOPLEALLOVERTHEWORLDBECAUSEOFHISHUMOROUSBEHAVIORINTHESILENTFILMSDURING1920SAND1930SCHARLESDARWININHISBOOKEMOTIONALEXPRESSIONOFHUMANANDANIMALSDISCUSSEDWHETHERTHESAMEEXPRESSIONSANDPOSTURESSUGGESTEDTHESAMEMEANINGBOTHFORHUMANANDANIMALSANDHEASKEDPEOPLEALLAROUNDTHEWORLDANDCOLLECTEDTHE

33、IRPOSSIBLEREPLIESSURPRISINGLY,THEANSWERSWEREALMOSTSAME,ESPECIALLYONFACIALEXPRESSIONSHEADINGNODDINGOFTENMEANSAGREEMENTORGREETINGINMOSTCOUNTRIESANDSHAKINGONESHEADOFTENMEANSDISAGREEMENTORNOAPPLAUDINGMEANSAPPRECIATIONORAGREEMENTANDSOONIFAPERSONISHURT,HE/SHEWILLCRYTOEXPRESSPAINFULNESSANDWESMILEWHENAREHAP

34、PYWAVINGONESHANDMEANSGOODBYEEVENSOMECHINESEANDENGLISHEXPRESSIONSANDTHEIRMEANINGSARETOTALLYTHESAMEFOREXAMPLE,PATTINGONTHEBACKMEANSENCOURAGEMENTANDAPPRECIATIONPULLINGALONGFACEINDICATESUNHAPPINESSANDANGERBEINGALLSMILEMEANSHAPPINESS,STANDINGWITHFOLDEDARMSMEANSINDIFFERENCEANDSOONTODAY,THECOMMUNICATIONBET

35、WEENTHEEASTANDTHEWESTBECOMEMOREANDMOREFREQUENTANDTHECHANCEFORTHEMINGLINGOFECONOMYANDCULTUREINCREASETHEWORDTHEGLOBALVILLAGEISUSEDTODESCRIBETHEWORLDWHICHBECOMESCLOSERANDNARROWERINTHISNARROWANDCLOSEWORLD,THECULTURALCONNOTATIONBETWEENENGLISHANDCHINESEBECOMESMORESIMILARONONEHAND,THECONNOTATIONOFEASTERNBO

36、DYLANGUAGEENROLLSTHEONEOFTHEWESTINENGLISHCULTURE,THEGESTUREOFGETTINGALIFT,THEGESTUREVTOEXPRESSTHESUCCESS,THESHRUGTOEXPRESSTHEDOUBTANDNEGATION,THEGESTUREOKTOEXPRESSTHEAGREEMENTANDOTHERBODYLANGUAGEAREFAMILIARIZED,ACCEPTEDANDUSEDBYCHINESE4DIFFERENCESOFBODYLANGUAGEBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICAN41GESTURESGEST

37、URESARECONNECTEDWITHMOVINGOFHANDS，ORARMSTOSTRENGTHENAVERBALINFORMATIONWITHOUTGESTURES,OURWORLDWILLBESTATICANDCOLORLESSGESTURESAREBOTHINNATEANDLEARNEDTHEYAREUSEDINALLCULTURES,TENDTOBETIEDTOSPEECHPROCESSES,ANDAREUSUALLYAUTOMATIC5HOWEVER,ITMUSTBEEMPHASIZEDHERETHATGESTURESVARYINMEANINGFROMCULTURETOCULTU

38、REAWRONGINTERPRETATIONOFAGESTURECANAROUSEQUITEUNEXPECTEDREACTIONS411SAMEGESTURES,DIFFERENTMEANINGBOTHINCHINAANDINTHEUS,THEREAREMANYGESTURESWITHTHESAMEMEANING,BUTCONVEYINGADIFFERENTMEANINGTHETHUMBANDFOREFINGERINACIRCLEGESTURE,ISAFRIENDLYONEINAMERICA,WHILEHASADIFFERENTMEANINGINCHINAITISWORTHZEROINTHEU

39、S,PEOPLEWISHGOODLUCKTOONEANOTHEROREVENTOTHEMSELVESBYUSINGTHEGESTURECROSSINGTHEMIDDLEFINGEROVERTHEINDEXFINGEROFTHESAMEHANDHOWEVER,ITISASYMBOLOFTHENUMBER10INCHINADURINGASPEECH,THESPEAKERORPERFORMERCLAPSATTHESAMETIMEWHENTHEAUDIENCESAPPLAUDINCHINA,THISGESTURECONVEYSTHEMUTUALPOSITIVEFEELINGSBYEACHOTHEROR

40、MEANSTHANKYOUBUTINAMERICA,ITISIMPROPERANDIMMODESTFORONESPEAKERORPERFORMERTODOLIKETHAT412DIFFERENTGESTURES,SAMEMEANINGTHEREAREALOTOFSAMEMEANINGS,WHICHARESHOWEDBYDIFFERENTGESTURESINCHINAANDAMERICAWHENTHECHINESEWANTTOEXPRESSSHAMEONYOUASEMIJOKINGGESTURE,THEYUSEFOREFINGEROFONEHANDEXTENDED,ANDSLIDINGOVERO

41、NESOWNFACESEVERALTIMESQUICKLY,WHICHISSIMILARTOSCRATCHINGBUTINTHEUS,PEOPLEUSEFOREFINGEROFEACHHANDEXTENDED,PALMSDOWNINFRONTOFONESBODY,ANDONEFOREFINGERMAKESSEVERALBRUSHINGMOVEMENTSOVERTHEBACKOFTHEOTHERFOREFINGERTOGIVETHISMEANINGWANGZHENYA,199989ANOTHERINSTANCE,IMVERYFULL,AFTERAMEAL,INCHINA,ONEORBOTHHAN

42、DSOPEN,LIGHTLYPATTINGONESOWNSTOMACHINUS,HANDRAISEDTOTHROAT,FINGERSEXTENDED,PALMDOWNOFTENWITHTHEREMARKIMFULLUPTOHERE413GESTURESANDMEANINGINONECULTURETHEREARESOMEGESTURESEXISTEDINONLYONECULTUREFORINSTANCE,INORDERTOSHOWTHEIRUNEASINESSANDCONCERN,AMERICANPEOPLETENDTOTURNTHEIRFINGERTINGSWHILEITISNOTEXISTE

43、DINCHINAFOREXAMPLE,INCHINA,TOUCHINGORPOINTINGTOTIPOFONESOWNNOSEWITHRAISEFOREFINGER,MEANSITSMEORIMTHEONE,BUTINAMERICA,THEGESTURESWOULDSEEMSLIGHTLYFUNNYINTHEUNITEDSTATES,WAGGINGONESFINGERMEANSWARNINGNOTTODOSOMETHINGORINDICATINGTHATWHATTHEOTHERPERSONISDOINGISWRONGTHEREAREALSOALOTOFGESTURESWHICHAREUNIQU

44、ETOCHINAFORINSTANCE,INORDERTOSHOWCONFIDENTIALITYANDSECRECY,SOMETIMESTHECHINESEUSEANOPENHANDTOCOVERONESMOUTHWHILESPEAKINGGENERALLYUSEDBYOLDERPEOPLEUSINGBOTHHANDSWHENONEWOULDBEENOUGHINOFFERINGSOMETHINGTOAVISITORORANOTHERPERSONTOSHOWTHEIRRESPECTWHENONESTEACUPISBEINGREFILLEDBYTHEHOSTORHOSTESS,INNORTHOFC

45、HINAPEOPLEPUTONEORBOTHHANDSUPRIGHT,PALMOPEN,BESIDETHECUPTOTELLTHANKYOU,WHILEINSOUTHOFCHINA,6PEOPLEKNOCKONTHETABLENEARTHECUPTOCONVEYTHISMEANINGIFONEWANTSTOGIVETHEMEANINGOFBOYANDGIRLINLOVEORAGOODMATCH,THEYUSETHEGESTUREUPRAISEDFOREFINGEROFEACHHANDCOMINGTOGETHERINFRONTOFTHEBODYUNTILTHETWOMATCHES42POSTUR

46、ESPOSTUREISAMATTEROFHOWPEOPLESIT,WALK,STANDANDMOVEWHATKINDOFPOSTUREPEOPLEUSEALSOCANREFLECTTHECULTURALDIFFERENCESBETWEENEASTANDWESTHEWESPOINTEDOUTCULTUREMOSTLYDETERMINEDWHATKINDOFPOSTURESPEOPLEUSEANDTHEMEANINGANDEMOTIONTHEYSUGGESTEDHUANGHONGXIA,200035POSTURECANDEMONSTRATETHATCULTUREISCONNECTEDWITHSOC

47、IALPOSITIONACCORDINGTOCHINESETRADITION,PEOPLEWHOARESITTINGHAVERIGHTTOTAKECHARGEOFOTHERSMONARCHSITSANDOFFICERSTANDSFATHERSITSANDSONSTANDSLEADERSITSANDEMPLOYEESTANDSANDSOONSOTHEYOUNGERGIVETHEOLDASEATTOSHOWRESPECTBUTINTHEUS,PEOPLEWHOAREINCHARGEOFOTHERSHAVETENDENCYTOSTANDTHEYWILLMAKEUSEOFTHEHEIGHTOFSPAC

48、ETOINDICATETHEHIGHSTATUSPEOPLEWHOHAVEHIGHSTATUSCHOOSETOSITWHENTHEYARECONVERSINGWITHYOU,WHICHMEANTHEYWANTTOCREATEHARMONIOUSANDEQUALATMOSPHEREANDLESSENSPACESOADULTSWILLBENDDOWNWHENTHEYARETALKINGTOCHILDRENFROYDONCESAIDNOONECANREALLYKEEPSECRETIFHEDOESNOTTALKANDKEEPSILENT,HEWILLTALKWITHHISFINGERSINAWHOLE

49、,PARTOFHISBODYWILLSELLHIMOUTZHANGJIANQING,200436INFACT,THISSTATEMENTINDICATESTHATPEOPLESPOSTURES,ATTITUDEANDOTHERBODYLANGUAGECANDELIVERMOREHIDDENINFORMATIONPEOPLEMAYCONTROLTHEIRFACIALEXPRESSIONSSUCCESSFULLYANDAPPEARCALMBUTTHEYDONOTREALIZETHATHISNERVOUSNESSANDEAGERNESSHAVELETOUTFROMHISBODYLANGUAGETHEIRFEETMAYBESTAMPINGONTHEFLOORMADNESSISTHEEMOTIONTHATMAYLETOUTFROMOURFEETANDLEGSASWEKNOW,AMERICANSAREINFORMALTEACHERSCANSITONTHEPLATFORMORDESKWHENTHEYARETEACHINGANDTHESTUDENTSNEEDNTTOSITSTRAIGHTBUTINCHINA,PEOPLEAREREQUIREDTOHAVEAGOODMANNERFORE