一、语法知识1.概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即过去的过去( past-in-the-past )。-|- |-|-那时以前 那时 现在2.构成:过去完成时由助动词 had + 过去分词构成,其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning.3. 过去完成时的判断依据1). 由时间状语来判定 一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。