必修八 Unit 4　Pygmalion.doc

1、第 1 页 共 8 页Unit 4 Pygmalion阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35 分钟).阅读理解AI learnt about the Pygmalion effect when I was 7 years old at Riverdale School in Palmerston North and I copied Melissa Crawfords answers in a spelling test. Before that I was average at school but after that, because Melissa Crawford was smart,

2、and I got all the right answers, I got put in all the smart kids groups.From then I did really well at school because it was believed by the teachers that I would and I also got grouped with the smart kids. This experience that occurred at my primary school shows just how important the Pygmalion eff

3、ect is in terms of being around mentors (导师) that expect that you re going to do well and also being around people who are smart.The Pygmalion effect is one principle you want to use if you want to make money fast. Have mentors that expect you will make money fast and as an extra boost hang around,

4、copy and learn from other people who are also making money fast.Yesterday this site had over 5,000 unique visitors and the traffic to it is increasing all the time. A year ago I contacted a group of people who got lots of traffic on their sites and I learnt from them. Truthfully I dont know if they

5、expected me to start getting decent traffic to websites but I imagined they did so they might as well have.So there you have it the Pygmalion effect.PS. My grammar and spelling are not that great nowadays but thats actually completely irrelevant (不相关的) when it comes to getting lots of visitors to yo

6、ur site.语 篇 解 读 ：文 章 通 过 自 己 的 经 历 告 诉 我 们 皮 革 马 利 翁 的 神 奇 力 量 。1When did the author learn about the Pygmalion effect? ABefore he took the spelling test.BAfter he cheated in the spelling test.CWhen he did badly in exams.DAfter he finished primary school.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“I copied Melissa Crawfords

7、 answers in a spelling test.”判断，是在他考试 作弊以后。2The author got grouped with the smart kids because _.Ahe was an average pupil at school第 2 页 共 8 页Bhe did better than expectedCMelissa Crawford was smartDhe did better than all the others at school解析：选 B 细节理解题。作者原先学习平平，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，所以老 师把他列为聪明的学生之中。3What do

8、es the underlined word “contacted” mean in the passage? ALost touch with.BMade friends with.CGot in touch with.DWas concerned about.解析：选 C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“learnt from them”判断，该词的意思是“取得联系” 。4From the passage we can infer that _.Athe author was busymeeting visitors every dayBthere was lots of traffic i

9、n his city Cthe author opened a website himselfDthe authors grammar was poor at school解析：选 C 推理判断题。从最后一段的“when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site”看，作者有自己的网站。BPygmalion is a drama in which Shaw has made sentiments one of the principle themes of discussion. The Greek sculptor Pygmalion

10、carved a statue and fell in love with it. Aphrodite (the goddess of love) turned the statue into a living woman named Galatea, who then became Pygmalions wife. The Shavian Pygmalion is Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics, who picks up a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, teaches her to speak as educa

11、ted people do, and then successfully passes_her_off_as a duchess. But she is a human being and cannot be treated as a machine. In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions, the professor only thinks of his own skill success and failure, but never stops to consider how the girl feels. When th

12、e experiment is over, he has a profound sense of relief that he has achieved triumph and has won his bet. Even now，the sentiment of the girl is of no account. The girl naturally protests against this dehumanized relationship between her and her teacher. She hurls the professors slippers at him when

13、he wants them and then leaves his place. But evidently, she has begun to feel for the professor and wants also to be felt for. Now the question is what is the nature of Elizas feelings for the professor with whom she 第 3 页 共 8 页has lived in close association for so long? In the last act, the girl sa

14、ys she would not marry him even if he had proposed (求婚) to her. The professor, curiously ineffectual (无效的) to sexual emotions, does not love any girl because he finds them to be rivals (对手) to his own mother. He wonders, if Eliza does not want to marry him, then what does she want from him? Old Mrs.

15、 Higgins, who knows much about a woman says that it would have been better if he had thanked her and petted her and told her how wonderful she had been. Then perhaps she would not have fought with him. Every girl loves to be loved. Eliza herself says that she loves Freddy and he also loves her. Prof

16、essor Higgins, however, remains as ever, an old bachelor. 语篇解读：萧伯纳的著名戏剧买花女具有经久不衰的艺术魅力，描述的是语言学教授希金斯如何把一名买花姑娘训练成英语发音被上流社会接受并认可的故事，从而抨击了当时英国腐朽保守的等级意识。5What does the underlined phrase “passes her off as” in Paragraph 2 mean? ALet her pretend to be. BDress her up as.CMake her become. DTurn into. 解析：选 A 词

17、义猜测题。根据前文的 “teaches her to speak as educated people do”以及下文的“In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions”可知 该短语的意思是“把某人冒充或假装为” 。6What kind of person do you think Higgins is according to the second paragraph? AHe is a kind man. BHe is a considerate man.CHe is a selfish man. DHe is a rude man

18、. 解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知 Higgins 只考虑自己的成败得失，从不考虑 Eliza 的感受，显然他是一个自私的人。7Why does not Eliza marry Higgins? Because _.Ashe does not love himBhis mother does not like any girl to be her rivalChe likes to be a bachelorDhe doesn t love any girl for fear of them being his mothers rivals解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据最后一段

19、第三句可知 Eliza 不会嫁给 Higgins，因为Higgins 担心未来的妻子会成 为他母亲的对手，所以他不敢爱上任何一个女孩。8Which of the following statement is TRUE?AShaw was in fact a Greek sculptor.BHiggins was experimenting with Eliza.CEliza wanted to become an educated lady very much.DHiggins fell in love with Eliza at first sight.第 4 页 共 8 页解析：选 B 细

20、节理解题。根据第二段可知 Higgins 只是把 Eliza 当成一个试验品。故 B正确。CThe Price of a DreamI grew up poor. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream. My dream was athletics.By the time I was sixteen, I was good at baseball and fo

21、otball. My highschool coach was Ollie Jarvis. He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念)One summer a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a n

22、ew bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother.Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldnt be playing. I was dreading (害怕) this, but my mother said: “If_you_make_your_bed,

23、_you_have_to_lie_in_it.”When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as mad as I expected him to be. “Your playing days are limited. You cant afford to waste them， ” he said.I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why I dreamed of buying my mom a house.“Ho

24、w much are you going to make at this job, son？” he demanded.“Three twentyfive an hour， ” I replied.“Well， ” he asked, “is $3.25 an hour the price of a dream？”That question laid bare for me the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to sports that summer, a

25、nd within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookieleague ball, and offered a $20,000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother the house of my dream.语篇 解 读 ：讲 述 一 位 棒 球 运 动 员 的 故 事 ，告 诉 我 们 追 求 梦 想 和 面 对 现 实 之 间 的 区 别 。9The write

26、r was grateful to Coach Jarvis, because Jarvis _.Amade him set a goalBsupplied him with new clothesCgave him financial supportDhelped him show conviction解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段提到 “He not only believed in me .a dream and showing conviction (信念)” 。他不 仅仅相信我，还教会我梦想与信念之间的区别，故选 D 项。10When the boy was offered a

27、 job, he wanted to _.Abalance summer baseball and the work schedule第 5 页 共 8 页Brefuse the job offer for summer baseballCgive up summer baseball for the jobDask his coach Jarvis for advice解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知：一个夏天，一个朋友介绍一份工作给我，这就意味着我的零用钱会多，可以用来约会，买新自行车和新衣服，开始存钱给妈妈买房子，故选 C 项 。11Which of the followi

28、ng can replace “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.”？AYou must eat the bitter fruit of your own making.BBelieve in yourself, but above all be patient.CYou must rely on yourself first, then others.DA good beginning makes a good ending.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知我意 识到我要放弃假期棒球来工作，这也就意味着我要告诉教练，我不能再打棒球

29、了，我很害怕，所以妈妈说自己造成的结果自己来承受，故选 A 项。12The end of the story was that the writer _.Afailed to buy his mother a houseBsucceeded as a sportsmanCbecame a successful businessmanDmade some money in the summer job解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“I signed with the Denver .the house of my dream.”在 1984 年与丹佛野马队 以一百七十万美元签约，也给

30、妈妈买了梦想中的房子，故选B 项。DInstagram is containing so many photos of food now a popup diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks.I always thought peoples taking pictures of their food wa

31、s kind of silly, but at this new popup restaurant in the UK, Id probably do it too. The Picture House is the worlds first paybyphoto restaurant you order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant (巨人) Birds Eye, who came up with the i

32、dea to cash in on peoples addiction to photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals. So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.The popup diner

33、was open in Soho, London for three days in May, and is now moving to 第 6 页 共 8 页other major UK cities. They serve twocourse meals that customers dont have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.The restaurant is a part of Birds Eyes “Food for Life” campaign, a new marketing project that aims at

34、changing the way people look at frozen food.“Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments from the everyday to the special， ”said marketing director Margaret Jobling.The reaction to The Picture House has been great so far. And the paybypicture concept has prov

35、en to be an effective way. Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of businesses. Last year, in a cafe in Germany customers paid by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat.语篇解读：本文介绍了英国一家餐厅运用了时下最流行的照片分享网站 Instagram 来招揽客户，只要上传他们餐厅的相片到 Instagram 上，就可以免单。这家餐厅

36、所属的公司通过对人们日常生活的观察，结合自身 产业推出的这种营销策略深受大家喜 爱， 实践证明这项策略非常成功。13Instagram probably is _.Aa restaurant free of chargeBa program used to share photosCa new marketing projectDa campaign of “Food for Life”解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知， Instagram 是一个分享图片的社交网站，故选 B。14 “The Picture House” encourages sharing photos of

37、its food to _.Acreate a new social media trendBraise the price of frozen foodCattract more customersDreward the regular customers解析：选 C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.”可以看出，他们鼓励分享照片的目的是认为这是一种更好的广告方式，也就是这样做可以吸引更多的 顾客。故 选 C。15Which of the follo

38、wing can serve as the best title for the passage?ANo Need to Pay BThe Popup DinerCFood for Life DPay by Picture解析：选 D 标题归纳题。本文主要 讲述了英国一家餐厅 将餐厅经营与时下流行的照片分享网站相结合的事例，人们 只要上传照片就可以获得免 单。故 选 D。第 7 页 共 8 页.阅读七选五A strong memory depends on the health and vitality (活力) of your brain. They say that you cant te

39、ach an old dog new tricks, but when it comes to the brain, scientists have discovered that this old saying simply isnt true. _1_Give your brain a workout. Memory, like muscular strength, requires you to “use it or lose it”. The more you work out your brain, the better youll be able to process and re

40、member information. _2_Dont skip the physical exercise. While mental exercise is important for brain health, that doesnt mean you never need to break a sweat. Physical exercise helps your brain stay sharp. It increases oxygen to your brain and reduces the risk for disorders that lead to memory loss.

41、Get enough sleep. There is a big difference between the amount of sleep you can get by on and the amount you need to function at your best. _3_Keep stress in check. Stress is one of the brains worst enemies. Over time, stress destroys brain cells. Studies have also linked stress to memory loss.Have

42、a laugh. _4_ That holds true for the brain and the memory, as well as the body. Unlike emotional responses, which are limited to specific areas of the brain, laughter engages multiple regions across the whole brain._5_ Just as the body needs fuel, so does the brain. You probably already know that a

43、diet based on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, “healthy” fats and lean protein will provide lots of health benefits, but such a diet can also improve memory. For brain health, though, its not just what you eat its also what you dont eat.AEat a brainboosting diet.BPlay games with memory.CLaughter is

44、 the best medicine.DBut oversleeping is not good for your brain.EEven skipping a few hours makes a difference!FYou have to shake things up from time to time!GThe human brain has an astonishing ability to adapt and change.语篇解读：本文讨论的是增强大脑记忆力。就像 锻炼身体一 样，大 脑也是可以通过锻炼变得更强大。1选 G 根据上文提到“They say that you ca

45、nt teach an old .old saying simply isnt true.”他们说老人很难适应新的事物，但当提到大 脑时，科学家 们发现这 个谚语是不对的，故选G。“人类的大脑有令人吃惊的接受和改变能力” 。2选 F 根据上文提到 “The more you work out your brain, the better youll be able to process and remember information.”你用得越多，你就能记得更多的内容，故选 F。“你需要时第 8 页 共 8 页不时来复习” 。3选 E 根据上文提到“There is a big difference between the .need to function at your best.”足够的睡眠是十分重要的，故 选 E。“甚至是少睡几个小时 是有影响的” 。4选 C 根据标题 “Have a laugh.”可知选 C。“笑是最好的良药” 。5选 A 根据下文提到“Just as the body needs fuel, so does the brain.”身体需要能量，大脑也需要，故选 A。“吃一些补脑 食物” 。