非谓语动词的用法比较.DOC

1、 雷网空间-教案课件试题下载雷网空间 非谓语动词的用法比较1、 动词不定式与动词-ing（动名词）作主语时的比较：不定式作主语通常表示“具体动作”或“某个特定的情况” 。动名词作主语通常表示“抽象动作或泛指一般情况” 。如：Its not good for you to smoke so much.（特指）Smoking is a bad habit, which you should get rid of. （泛指）2、 动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词、现在分词）与过去分词作表语时的比较：（1）动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词）作表语时，前者表示某一具体动作，特别是将来的动作，而后者表示

2、比较抽象的一般行为。如：Our job today is to sweep the floor. The ant queen job is laying eggs.(2) 现在分词、过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特点和状态。如：The news I heard just now is very astonishing. The car is broken and we have to have it repaired.3、动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词、现在分词）与过去分词作定语时的比较：（1）动词不定式、动词-ing（动名词）作定语时，前者放在被修饰名词的后面，后者则放在被修饰名词的前面

3、，说明其所修饰名词的用途。A .She was the first woman to climb the highest mountain in the world. (修饰被序数词、最高级或 no, all , any 等限定的中心词。)B. She has no ability to read and write Chinese. (抽象名词常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。)C.I borrowed s

4、ome books intended for children to read during my holiday. (表将来)D. a sitting room=a room for sitting（2）现在分词和过去分词作定语，单个的常放在被修饰名词的前面，说明其所修饰的名词的性质或特征；如是短语，常放在被修饰的名词后面，前者相当于一个定语从句，表示“说话时正在进行”或“与谓语动词同时进行”或“经常性”的动作；而后者也相当于一个定语从句，分词所表示的动作一般“先于谓语动词所表示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性的动作” 。A. Tom is going to attend the wedding

5、 party in two days.B. The girl dancing happily is a friend of mine. = The girl who is dancing happily is a friend of mine.C. There are more polluted rivers and lakes now than in the past.D. The guns stolen from the police station were found in a deserted house.= The guns which had been stolen from t

6、he police station were found in a deserted house.4、动词不定式、动词-ing（现在分词）与过去分词作状语的比较：（1）动词不定式作状语，用来修饰动词或形容词，一般作目的、结果或原因状语，多置于句末。A. They went to China to visit their relatives and friends.( 表示目的 )B. He woke up to find everybody gone.(表示结果)C. e was too excited not to say a few words. (表示程度)D. Im very sorr

7、y to have troubled you so much. (表示原因)E. To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me. ( 表示条件)（2）动词-ing（现在分词）与过去分词作状语，用来修饰名词，一般作时间、原因、让步、方式状语，置于句首；还可作伴随，置于句末。A .Being a hard-working student, he succeeded in the maths exam. =As he was a hard-working student, he succeeded in .B. Working in the

8、city , Tom had a wonderful time. =When he worked in the city, Tom had a wonderful time.C. I let him in , saying that I was his uncle.D. Mark finished his homework, taking a long time over it.5、 过去分词与现在分词被动完成式的比较：（1）在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语时，用过去分词，而不用现在分词完成式。如：We lived in the house built in 1989. (定语)The cup

9、, which I borrowed from my friend, is broken.（表语）I found the man shot death behind the tree.（宾语补足语）（2）在句中作状语时，一般情况下可互换。但不强调时间先后，只强调动作的被动时，用过去分词，不用现在分词的被动完成式。如：Caught (Having been caught) in the rain, he was all wet.Having been shown in the labs, we went home hurriedly.(强调完成 )The boy returned home, f

10、ollowed by his parents.（强调被跟着） 雷网空间-教案课件试题下载雷网空间 单项选择题1. The door of the supermarket remained _, though its nearly ten oclock. It seemed very strange.A. locking B. locked C. having locked D. being locked2. I insisted that the thief _ to be put into prison. However, the lawyer didnt agree.A. referred

11、 B. referring C. having referred D. refer3. Tom told a lie when _ some questions by the teacher. A. asking B. ask C. to ask D. asked4. The rules that punish the students for their bad actions and habits get the students _.A. to worry B. worrying C. worried D. worry5. _ by the beautiful scenery of Th

12、ree Gorges, these Australians decided to spend another week in Yichang. A. To be attracted B. Attracted C. Attracting D. Being attracted6. Unless _, my father wont go to their wedding party , which is thought to be held tomorrow evening. A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. invited7. When he came b

13、ack from work , he found his house _ into. Without hesitating, he called the police.A. broke B. broken C. to break D. having broken8. _ by his friends and parents, he had to give up drinking and smoking.A. Criticizing B. Having Criticized C. Having been criticized D. Being criticized9. The _ teacher

14、 devoted himself to the Partys education, making himself a good example for us.A. retiring B. to retire C. retired D. being retired10. They turned round and stood in the middle of the room, completely _.A. astonished B. astonishing C. to astonish D. having astonished11. There was a gun and a thin pi

15、ece of rope with the end _ in a circle. A. being tied B. having tied C. tied D. tying12. The colleagues discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. to carry out D. carried out13. The research , referred to by the professor, is so designed that once

16、_ nothing can be done to change it.A. begun B. having begun C. begins D. to begin14. There seemed to be nothing _ to do but _ for the doctor.A. left, to send B. leaving , send C. leave, send D. left, send15. You brother seems _ everything. Therefore, youd better let him _ all the truth.A. to be told

17、, knowing B. to tell, to know C. to have been told, know D. to be telling, known16. Charlie is said _ abroad last year, _ his wife alone at home.A. to have studied, leave B. to study, leaving C. to have studied, leaving D. to study, leave17. Mary, _ of the _ speech, began to talk to her classmate ne

18、xt to her.A. tiring, bored B. tired, bored C. tiring, boring D. tired, boring18. Mark, a good friend of mine, had to shout _himself _ above the sound of the music.A. making, hear B. to make, hear C. making, heard D. to make, heard19. I heard the doorbell ring while _ a letter to my parents in the ro

19、om.A. to write B. writing C. written D. having written20.I sent Kate an e-mail, _ to get further information about how to learn English well.A. hoped B. hoping C. hope D. to hope21.As a result , the discovery of new evidence led to _. The thief was now put into prison.A. the thief being caught B. th

20、e thief having caught C. the thief to be caught D. catch the thief22.They really couldnt understand _ them like that. They were very disappointed!A. me treat B. me treating C. me to treat D. me treated23.I usually go to Beijing by train; but Ill _ by air for a change.A. try going B. try to go C. hav

21、e tried going D. have tried to go24.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule _.A. to never break B. never to be broken C. never to have broken D. never to be breaking25. The lost child desired nothing but _ home. A. go B. to go C. to have gone D. went26. There is nothing _ but _ down and

22、wait for him _back.A. to be done, to sit , coming B. to do, sit , come C. to do, to sit , to come D. to do , sit , to come27.Mary wanted to use your bike yesterday. -But I asked her _. A. not to B. not to use C. do not use C. not use it.28.Our task is _ the plan in a week. But its impossible to do i

23、t.A. carry out B. to carry out C. carried out D. carrying out29.“Do you have any clothes _ today?” the maid said. A. washing B. to wash C. to be washed D. washed30.Its necessary to get ready for the interview. _ the answers ready will be helpful to you.A. Having had B. Having C. Have D. H 雷网空间-教案课件试题下载雷网空间