小学英语全部知识点复习精华版.doc

1、1英语复习小结一、 名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。1、可数名词有单数、复数之分，名词复数形式的构成规则：(1) 一般在名词词尾加“s”如：teacher teachers egg-eggs (2) 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词加 es 如 class-classes box- boxes bus -buses watch-watches (3) 以辅音字母+y 的名词变 y 为 i 再加 es如：story-stories library-libraries, dictionary-dictionaries hobby-hobbies(4) 以 f, fe 结尾的名词，变 f, f

2、e 为 v 加 es如：life -lives leaf -leaves half-halvesknife-knives wolf-wolves wife-wives(5) 以 o 结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加 eshero-heroes mango- mangoes potato- potatoes tomato- tomatoes其余加 s（目前所学的词） zoo-zoos kilo-kilosradioradios photo- photos piano- pianos (6)不规则名词单复数形式如： child children woman - women man -men fo

3、ot-feet tooth-teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese，Chinese ，sheep, 如： I have one sheep. He has two sheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有：(1)milk, water, juice, tea, ice;(2) food, rice, meat, fish, chicken, bread, cheese(3) paper, newspaper , hair, time, money, homework, housework不可数名词的数量常表示如下two bottles of milk a cup

4、 of juice half a kilo of cheesea bag of rice three kilos of meat some water二、人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格I we you he she it they 宾格me us you him her it them我 我们你,你们他 她 它 他们We are going to have a picnic. Let us go.I miss everyone in China. Who can help me?What is he doing? He is trying t

5、o get on the bus. Look at him.She cant hear. This dog helps her.Tell me more about the Great Wall.三物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义= 形容词性物主代词 +名词 的含义2形容词性物主代词my our your his her its their名词性物主代词mine ours yours his hers its theirs我的 我们的你的，你们的他的她的它的他们的This is my book. = T

6、his book is mine.This is his bag. = This bag is his.Your watch is old, but hers is new.Thanksgiving is my favourite festival.We say “Thank you” for our food, family and friends.四、疑问词who 谁 what 什么 when 什么时候 what time 几点where 哪里 why 为什么 how 怎样 how much 多少how many 多少 how old 多大 whose 谁的what colour 什么颜色

7、 how long 多长1. 对人物提问用 whoWho gave it to you? Simons family gave it to me.Who can help me? I can help you.2. 对事物或做某事提问用 whatWhat do you want? I want a hot dog.What are you doing? I am reading a book.What are you going to study? Im going to study English.What are you going to do? Were going to walk ar

8、ound the lake.Whats it about? Its about animals.3. 对时间提问用 whenWhen are you going to eat? Were going to eat at half past twelve.When was he born? He was born in 1809.4. 对点钟提问用 what timeWhat time is it? Its twelve.What time do you get up? I get up at six oclock.5. 对地点提问用 whereWhere was he born? He was

9、 born in France.Where are you? I am on the train.Wheres your mum? Shes at the supermarket.6. 对原因提问用 whyWhy are you wearing a raincoat? Because its going to rain.7. 对身体状况或方式提问用 howHow are you? Im fine.How are you going to go to school? Im going to go 3to school by bus.8. 对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用 how muchHow m

10、uch is it? Its thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.How much milk do you want? I want two bottles of milk.9. 对可数名词的数量提问用 how manyHow many books are there on the desk?There are three books on the desk.10. 对年龄提问用 how oldHow old are you? Im twelve.11. 对“某人的”提问用 whoseWhose cap is this? Its Amys cap.Wh

11、ose pen is that? Its his pen.12. 对颜色提问用 what colourWhat colour is it? Its black.13. 对星期提问用 what dayWhat day is it today? Its Monday.14. How long is it?Its about six thousand seven hundred kilometers.特殊疑问句语序： 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？例：How do you go to school?疑问词（做主语）+ 谓语动词+?例：Who gave it to you?五时态1. 一般过去时表示过去

12、某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如 yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）等。构成：(1)肯定句：主语+ 动词过去式+ He made a video.否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+ He didnt make a video.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+ .?Did he make a video?(2) be 动词用 was, were . 否定句在 was, were 后加 not. 一般疑问句把 was, were提前

13、到句首。She was born in America.She was not born in America.Was she born in America?2. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作构成：主语+am /is / are+ 现在分词+The birds are singing in the trees. 否定句在 am /is / are 后加 not. The birds are not singing in the trees.一般疑问句把 am /is / are 提前到句首。Are the birds singing in the trees?3.一般将来时表示将来某个时

14、间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如 tomorrow (明天), next week（下周）, next year（明年）等。构成：(1) 主语+ will + 动词原形+He will pick up the apples.否定句在 will 后加 not. He will not pick up the apples.一般疑问句把 will 提前到句首。Will he pick up the apples?(2) 主语+ be going to + 动词原形 +We are going to study French.否定句在 am /is / are 后加 not.

15、 We are not going to study French.4一般疑问句把 am /is / are 提前到句首。Are you going to study French?4. 一般现在时表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。构成：（1）主语+am /is / are+否定句在 am /is / are 后加 not. 一般疑问句把 am /is / are 提前到句首。Helen Keller is a model for blind people and for you and me. (2) 肯定句：主语+ 动词原形+ The ducks like it.否定句：主语+dont

16、 +动词原形+ The ducks dont like it.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+ .?Do the ducks like it?(3) 肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+ He likes noodles.否定句：主语+doesnt +动词原形+ He doesnt like noodles.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+ .?Does he like noodles六动词过去式形式规则动词的过去式构成1.一般在动词词尾加 ed 如： work - worked play-played watch- watched2. 以 e 结尾动词在词尾加 d如： l

17、ive - lived 3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，把 y 变为 i 再加 ed如： study -studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried4. 有些动词双写最后一个字母再加 ed，如：stop -stopped drop- dropped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 动词原形 动词过去式 动词原形 动词过去式go went come came become became bring broughtsay said put putteach taught can could read read give gaveam

18、/is was are were do did fly flew have had make maderun ran see sawride rode win wonget got tell told eat ate send sent take took buy bought sit sat meet met write wrote draw drew swim swam fly flew rink drank give gave ring rang fall fell七动词 ing 形式也是现 在 分 词 形式现 在 分 词 的 构 成 规 则1.一 般 在 动 词 词 尾 直 接 加 “

19、ing” sleep-sleeping look-looking wear-wearing send-sending eat-eating sing-singing 5go-going jump-jumping play-playing2.以 不 发 音 的 e 结 尾 的 动 词 要 去 掉 e 再 加 上“ing”write-writing come-coming ride-riding have-having make-making shine-shining take-taking close- closing3.有 些 动 词 双 写 最 后 一 个 字 母 再 加 “ing”get

20、-getting put-putting sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming skip-skipping shop-shopping八动词第三人称单数形式动词第三人称单数的构成规则1大多数动词在词尾加“S”.stopstops makemakes readreads play plays say seisays sez2以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es” fly flies carrycarries study studies worryworries 3以 “s, x, sh，ch, o”结尾，在词尾加 “es”. te

21、achteaches watchwatches go goes do- does九、情态动词 can 过去式 could 后加动词原形I can write English. I can carry this bag. I can help you.We can always be friends. Later she could read and write.否定句在 can, could 后加 notcan not = cant could not = couldntWe cant go now. I cant write Chinese.I cant carry everything.

22、His friends cant hear him.She couldnt see and she couldnt hear.一般疑问句把 can, could 提前到句首。Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I cant.Can you speak English? Can I write to your friends?Can you be my Chinese pen friend? Yes, of course.十反义词big- small long- short new- old tall- shortyoung- old heavy- light eas

23、y- hard/ difficultup- down early-late fat- thin white- blackcry- laugh different - same inside-outside hot-coldhappy-sad good-bad clean-dirty bring-take this-that these-those always-never woman-man 十一、同音词for- four son- sun hour- our too- two right- write eye - I arent- aunt sent-centwhere- wear thei

24、r- there by- buy see-sea6十二.、近义词good- well study - learn 十三、缩写形式与完全形式I am = Im he is = hes she is = shes it is = its that is = thats what is = whats let us = lets we are = were they are = theyre you are= yourecan not= cant could not = couldnt should not = shouldnt will not = wont Ill = I will well =

25、 we willdo not = dont does not = doesnt did not = didntit has got = its got I have got = Ive gothave not = havent has not = hasntare not = arent is not = isnt十四、小学英语分类单词和词组天气：rain 下雨 snow 下雪 rainy 有雨的 snowy 有雪的 hot 炎热的 cold 寒冷的 warm 温暖的 cool 凉爽的 windy 有风的 sunny 晴朗的 食物：hamburger 汉堡 hot dog 热狗 sandwic

26、h 三明治 chip 薯条 chicken 鸡肉 fish 鱼肉 meat 肉 noodles 面条 rice 大米 soup 汤 cake 蛋糕 bread 面包 cheese 奶酪 vegetable 蔬菜 fruit 水果 sausage 香肠 biscuit 饼干 sweets 糖果 ice cream 冰激凌 peanut 花生饮料：milk 牛奶 tea 茶 orange juice 橙汁 coffee 咖啡 cola 可乐 water 水 juice 果汁颜色：red 红色的 green 绿色的 yellow 黄色的 black黑色的 white 白色的 orange 橙色的 b

27、lue 蓝色的 purple 紫色的 pink 粉红色的 星期：Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日月份：January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August八月 September 九月 October 十月 November十一月 December 十二月 季节：spring 春天 summer 夏天 autumn 秋天 winter冬天数字：one 一 two 二 thre

28、e 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六 seventeen 十七 eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 twenty 二十 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 sixty 六十 seventy 七十 7eighty 八十 ninety 九十 one hundred 一百 one thousand 一千 one million 一百万衣服：T-shirt T 恤衫 dre

29、ss 裙子 sweater 毛衣 trousers裤子 skirt 短裙 sock 袜子 shoe 鞋 coat 外套，上衣动物：cat 猫 dog 狗 monkey 猴 panda 熊猫 elephant 大象 tiger 老虎 lion 狮子 pig 猪 chameleon 变色龙 snake 蛇 mouse 老鼠 bear 熊 kangaroo 袋鼠 frog 青蛙 parrot 鹦鹉 bird 鸟 owl 猫头鹰 camel 骆驼家庭成员：grandmother 奶奶 grandfather 爷爷 grandparents 祖父母mother 妈妈 father 爸爸 parents

30、父母亲 brother 兄弟 sister 姐妹 uncle 叔，伯，舅 aunt 阿姨 cousin 表兄弟学科：Chinese 语文 English 英语 Math 数学 PE 体育 Art 艺术 Science 科学 Physics 物理 Chemistry化学 History 历史 Geography 地理 节日：Flag Day 国旗日 Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 Halloween 万圣节 Easter Festival 复活节 Christmas 圣诞节Spring Festival 春节 Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boat Festi

31、val 端午节 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节名胜景点：Big Ben 大本钟 the River Thames 泰晤士河 Hyde Park 海德公园 Tower Bridge 塔桥 the London Bridge 伦敦桥 the British Museum 大英博物馆 the London Eye 伦敦眼the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园 the Changjiang River 长江 the West Lake 西湖 the Huangshan Mountain 黄山 The Ming Tombs 明十三陵 Mount Q

32、omolangma 珠穆朗玛峰球类：play football 踢足球 play basketball 打篮球 play baseball 打棒球 play table tennis 打乒乓球 play volleyball 打排球 棋类：play chess 下象棋乐器：play the guitar 弹吉他 play the drums 敲鼓 play the zither 弹吉他 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the flute 吹笛子 play the trumpet 吹小号体育运动：have a Sports Day 举行运动会 do morning exercis

33、es 做早操 do Taijiquan 打太极拳 do the high jump 跳远 do the long jump 跳高 run the 100 meters 跑一百米 run fast 跑得快 jump high 跳高 jump long 跳远 swim 游泳 go swimming 去游泳 skip 跳绳 control the ball 控制球 catch the ball 接球 row a boat 划船生日：Happy Birthday! 生日快乐 make a birthday card制作生日卡片 have a birthday party 举办生日派对 have a g

34、reat birthday 过愉快的生日 交通工具：8by bus 乘公共汽车 by car 乘小汽车 by bike 骑自行车 by plane 乘飞机 by ship 乘轮船 by train坐火车 on foot 步行 词组：fly kites 或者 fly a kite 放风筝 go to see films去看电影 watch TV 看电视 play computer games 玩电脑游戏have a picnic 吃野餐 go to school 去上学 go home 回家 go to the park 去公园 go to middle school 去上中学 go to be

35、d 去睡觉 go there 去那里 go shopping 去购物 go to the doctor 去看病 say goodnight 道晚安 fly away 飘走 make a video 制作录像 make mistakes 犯错误 write a letter 写信 write a book 写书 take pictures=take photos 照相 listen to music 听音乐 read a book读书 read stories 读故事 do homework 做作业 make a cake 做蛋糕 make dumplings 做饺子 wash clothes

36、洗衣服 make an e-card 制作电子卡片 ride a horse 骑马 climb mountains 爬山 climb trees 爬树 have a lovely time 玩的开心 ask questions 问问题 make a list 列清单 shopping list 购物单 collect stamps 收集邮票 sing songs 唱歌 turn left 向左转clean the classroom 打扫教室 eat fast food 吃快餐 turn right 向右转 go straight on 直走 have a cold 感冒 have a hea

37、dache 头疼 have breakfast 吃早餐 have lunch 吃午餐 have supper 吃晚餐 = have dinner have a baseball team 组建棒球队 come on 加油 come in 进来 come from 来自= be from come back 回来 click on 点击 go up the hill 上山 go down the hill 下山 play with dolls 玩洋娃娃 find out 查找 be good at 擅长 bring back 归还 out of 往外 of course当然可以 in Engli

38、sh 用英语 all over the world=all around the world 全世界 stand up 起立 sit down 坐下 at the weekend 在周末 notat all 一点也不 get up 起床 get on 上车 get off 下车 in a hurry 匆忙 next to 挨着 turn on the light 打开灯 point to 指向talk about 谈论 talk to sb 和某人谈话 give out 分发write to sb 给某人写信 say hello to sb 向某人打招呼缩写：the PRC=the Peopl

39、es Republic of China 中华人民共和国the USA=the United States of America 美国 the UN=the United Nations 联合国the UK=the United Kingdom 英国现在进行时和动词的现在分词现在进行时动词的现在进行时由 be 的现在时形式“am/is/are+现在分词”构成，主要用于以下几方面。（1）用来表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。例如：What are you doing? We are playing basketball.你们在干什么？我们在打篮球。9（2）有时用来表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不一定正

40、在进行的动作。例如：Are they working hard this term?这学期他们在努力学习吗？We are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天我们正在农场摘苹果。（3）表示即将发生的动作（如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作）。Come, go, leave, start, arrive 等动词常与将来时间的状语连用表示这种意义。例如：They are going to Shanghai this Friday.他们这个星期要去上海。Tom is coming here next week.汤姆下周要来这儿。（4）说明: 不是所有动词都能

41、用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式及特殊疑问句1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They arent writing .3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分Are you singing ? Yes ,I am. / No ,Im

42、 not.Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they arent .4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doing? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).缩写形式如下:I am-Im You are-Youre He is-Hes She is-ShesIt is-Its We are-Were They are-Theyre动词的ing 形式的构成（1）一般在动词原形末尾加ing。例如：workworking, studystudying.（2）以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加ing。例如:havehaving, liveliving.（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如结尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写出这一字母，再加ing。例如：runrunning, stopstopping, forgetforgetting, beginbeginning.10练习题一、写