GRE填空讲义（部分）.doc

1、新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空GRE 填空讲义主讲： 杨子江欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材一、GRE填空简介GRE不是语言考试，所以GRE不考语法；GRE不是专业化考试，所以GRE不考专业知识1、ETS的GRE句子填空出题原则（1）公平：不涉及专业知识背景（2）重复：重复是信息逻辑的再现2、GRE 句子填空的突破点 解题的线索来自于句子本身，句子只能是现象态度观点 的表述 3、GRE句子填空简介因为句子只能是现象态度观点的表述，所以句子中容易形成AB比较，容易出现明显的事件人物的特征，句子的主干容易表明主体的评价4、GRE句子填空的事件人物特征明显性，是有限条件的逻辑推理评论家特

2、征，音乐家特征，科学家特征，法律特征，个人特征 5、GRE句子填空题目分类：反义重复: 对立(时间), 转折同义重复: 同义解释, 并列递进 , 目的手段因果重复的表现方式：词对词（上下义词）；词对句（广义概念）6、破解方法复杂问题简单化简化单词记忆 词根词缀；简化句子 主谓宾结构 新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空7、填空课程的目的（1）英文能力的提高（2）逻辑性思维的提高（3）批判性思维的提高8、举例同义重复中文举例：（1）白大夫，白白白，就是让你_ 。 A 姹紫嫣红 B 暗送秋波 C 黑白无常 D 碧波荡漾 E 白 （2）聪明的一休是一个_ 小和尚，他在_ 时候就表现出比他

3、大很多的成年人都不能企及的智慧状态。 A 愚蠢的 老眼昏花的 B 弱智的 幼儿的 C 机灵的 老年的 D 有智慧的 童年的 E 可爱的 小的 反义重复中文举例：（1）虽然黑夜缩小了他们的活动范围，但却使悲戚伤怀成倍的得到了_ 。 A 变化 B 忧郁 C 消失 D 扩大 E 均等 （2）他好出风头，恨不得自己成为每一场婚礼的新郎和_。GRE填空考察考生的快速逻辑能力，GRE填空的重点在于多种解题思路下，快速的判断出正确的答案，因为社会需要效率型人才和稳定型人才9、如何同时提高效率和正确率填空部分学习前的水平：四级水平7对2-3，六级水平7对3-4考前一个月的水平：7对5-6二、填空题解题方法反义

4、对立特征词far from, rather than；not but, more than；seemingly, on the other hand ；in fact, actually, in reality paradoxically, ironically；surprisingly, comparatively；unexpectedly, curiously；in contrast to, 新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空on the contrary ；so muchas, decay from A to B；shift fromto, replacewith；dist

5、ingishfrom,reconcilewith ；preferableto, endorse A over Bfar from A, B: 远非 A, 而是 B，对立两方面中选择其一1. Many artists believe that successful imitation, far from being symptomatic of a lack of _, is the first step in learning to be creative.(A) elegance(B) evil(C) genius(D) originality(E) sympathy2. Far from

6、being _, Susan was always _ to appear acquiescent.(A) unctuous.loath(B) brazen.reluctant(C) ignoble.enthusiasm(D) obsequious.eager(E) gregarious.willing3. Ultimately, the issues credibility is strained; the slender, though far from _, web of evidence presented on one salient point is expected to sup

7、port a vast _ of implications.(A) unconvincing.cacophony(B) nonexistent.superstructure(C) indispensable.array(D) work(E) pendiumB, far from A；A rather than B : 而非: 是 A 而不是 B (肯定 A)，对立两方面中选择其一4. As late as nineteen century a speaker assured his audience that since profitable farming was the result of

8、 natural ability rather than _, an education in agriculture was _.(A) luck.senseless(B) effort.difficult新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(C) learning.useless(D) instruction.intellectual(E) science.vital5. Although the young trumpeters _ performance with the orchestra demonstrated his technical competence, hi

9、s uninspired style and lack of interpretive maturity labeled him as a novice musician rather than as a truly _ performer.(A) spectacular.conventional(B) blundering.artistic(C) marginal.inept(D) steady.accomplished(E) dazzling.unskilled音乐家特征: 优秀对平庸 表优秀的特征词汇: talent ； inspire；brilliant ；maturity；accom

10、plish表平庸的特征词汇: Mediocrity ；derivative ；perfunctory ；uninspire；novice；unskill6In retrospect, Petersons students appreciated his_ assignments, realizing that such assignments were specifically designed to _ original thought rather than to review the content of his course.(A) conventional.explain(B) di

11、dactic.ingrain(C) intimidating.thwart(D) enigmatic.stimulate(E) difficult.discourage7. Because time in India is conceived statically rather than dynamically, Indian languages emphasize nouns rather than verbs, since nouns express the more _ aspects of a thing.(A) paradoxical(B) stable(C) conventiona

12、l(D) temporal(E) irionic新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空8. As the creation of new knowledge through chemistry has become _ resistance to innovation has become less _, taking the form of inertia rather than direct attack.(A) controversial .sporadic(B) suspect .onset(C) essential .effective(D) public .circums

13、pect(E) institutionalized .aggressiveparadoxical :矛盾的, 似非而是的，对立两面选择其一9. Paradoxically, Englands colonization of North America was _ by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.(A) explicate(B) undermined(C

14、) determined(D) altered(E) distinguished10. According to Lionel Trilling, the paradox of liberalism was that in its quest for freedom it must move toward greater organization, stricter legislation, and increasing .(A) anarchy(B) self-realization(C) stagnation(D) control(E) levity11. Unlike many rece

15、nt interpretations of Liszts piano sonatas, the recitalists performance was a delightfully free and introspective one; nevertheless, it was also, seemingly paradoxically, quite _.(A) exuberant(B) appealing新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(C) controlled(D) idiosyncratic(E) uninspired12. Although _ in her own

16、responses to the novels she reviewed, the fiction critic was, paradoxically, _ those who would deny that a reviewer must have a single method of interpretation.(A) dogmatic.impatient with(B) indulgent.indebted by(C) partisan.hostile toward(D) capricious.intrigued by(E) eclectic.suspicious of13. The

17、concept of timelessness is paradoxical from the start ,for adult consciousness is _ by the awareness of duration.(A) permeated (B) intrigued(C) repelled(D) measured(E) acceleratedseemingly : 表面上的, 貌似，对应于实际上的，对立两面选择其一14. The sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly _ source of raw ma

18、terials, of which only a few have been utilized.(A) exploited(B) remarkable(C) controversial(D) inexhaustible(E) quantifiable15. Physical scientists who are on the cutting edge of research must often violate common sense and make seemingly_assumptions because existing theories simply do not _newly o

19、bserved phenomena.新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(A) inexact.corroborate(B) vague.incorporate(C) absurd.explain(D) mistaken.reveal(E) radical.confirmin fact : 事实上,实际上，与表面上的事实相反，表对立情况16. In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying to report than are discredited hypotheses, but, in fac

20、t, the _ of errors is more likely to be _ than is the establishment of probable truth.(A) refinement.conditional(B) correction.ignored(C) detection.useful(D) accumulation.agreeable(E) formulation.permittedactually : 事实上, 实际上*17. Human reaction to the realm of thought is often as strong as that to se

21、nsible presences; our higher moral life is based on the fact that _ sensations actually present may have a weaker influence on our action than do ideas of _facts.(A) familiar.symbolic(B) material.remote(C) emotional.impersonal(D) definitive.controversial(E) disturbing.ordinaryA more . than B； more A

22、 than B；A more 副词/形容词 than B : 对 A 的修饰 A B18. Our young people, whose _ sensitivities have not yet become _, have a purer and more immediate response than we do to our environment.(A) sophisticated.perceptive新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(B) keen.calloused(C) dull.numbed(D) impartial.disinterested(E) nati

23、ve.excited19. Since 1813 reaction to Jane Austens novels has oscillated between _ and condescension; but in general later writers have esteemed her works more highly than did most of her literary _.(A) approbation.precursors(B) disapproval.readers(C) adoration.contemporaries(D) indifference.follower

24、s(E) dismissal.admirers20. Because the report contained much more information than the reviewwes needs to see, the author was asked to submit a _ instead(A) critique(B) soliloquy(C) treatise(D) prerequisite(E) compendiumnot A, but B: 不是 A, 而是 B. 引导对立比较 21. Artificial light_ the respiratory activity

25、of some microorganisms in the winter but not in the summer, in part because in the summer their respiration is already at its peak and thus cannot be _(A) enhances.increased(B) inhibits.quickened(C) reflects.expanded(D) elevates.measured(E) stimulates.lessened22. In response to the follies of todays

26、 parliaments, the councillor does not _ inflamed indignation, but rather _ the detachment and smooth aphoristic prose of an eighteenth-century wit.(A) resort to.spurns(B) rely on.avoids新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(C) suppress.clings to(D) express.affects(E) display.rails at23. Personnel experts say that

27、 attractive benefits alone will not always keep _ executives from changing jobs for better long-range opportunities, but they think the enticements may deter many executives from accepting _ offers from other companies.(A) dedicated.advantageous(B) ambitious.routine(C) unqualified.inferior(D) experi

28、enced.superior(E) discontented.preferablecontrary : 相反的24. Contrary to the popular conception that it is powered by conscious objectivity, science often operates through error, happy accidents, _ and persistence in spite of mistakes.(A) calculations(B) controls(C) hunches(D) deductions(E) facts科学类题目

29、的考点特征: 公正对偏见；独立对依靠；定对变化；杂对简单；同对差异科技类题目的考点特征: 增加对减少25. Contrary to the antiquated idea that the eighteenth century was a _ island of elegant assurance, evidence reveals that life for most people was filled with uncertainty and insecurity.(A) sprawling(B) declining(C) tranquil(D) recognized(E) clannis

30、hin contrast to : 相比较26. In contrast to the substantial muscular activity required for inhalation, exhalation is usually a _ process.(A) conscious(B) passive(C) relax(D) complex(E) slow27. The boys _ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.(A) artless(B) bli

31、the新东方在线 网络课堂电子教材系列 GRE 填空(C) phlegmatic(D) introverted(E) mercurial反义转折之时间对比时间对比是反义对立的子集；间相反, 产生对立，即否定过去，来否定现在时间对比特征词:before, once, previous，urrent, now, until ，nitially, recently, early，ormerly, pristine, firstafter, yesterday, begin，tart, origin, often，sually, heretofore, hitherto，o longer, as l

32、ong asbefore : 之前，与 recent，later 对立28. Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cause child prodigies to _ the world of achievement before reaching adulthood: happily, they sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.(A) demur(B) conquer(C) retire from(D) antagonize(E

33、) ridicule29. Before adapting to changes in new concept, many prefer to _, to _ the universally agreed-on principles that have been upheld for centuries.(A) revert .ignore(B) resist .defend(C) ponder .subvert(D) vacillate .publicize(E) invert .protectRevert、invert例：1011 01100110 1101 revert0100 1001

34、 invertrecent : 现在，与 before, often, early, previous, pristine 对立30. A number of critics who once greatly _ the literary critic have recently recanted, substituting _ for their former criticism.(A) honored.adulation(B) influenced.analysis(C) simulated.ambivalence(D) disparaged.approbation(E) lauded.censure批评家类题目的特征：1、表扬对批评；2、支持对反