小学英语语法知识点汇总.doc

1、英语语法知识点汇总一、名词复数的规则变化名词复数的规则变化构 成 法 例 词A. 在一般情况下，词尾加-s book books bed - bedsB. 以 s，x，ch，sh 结尾的词，词尾加 -es bus buses box - boxesdish dishes watch - watchesC. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，先将 f 或 fe 改成v，再加-esknife - kniveswife - wivesD. 以 o 结尾的单词，有生命的物质加-es，无生命的物质加-stomato - tomatoesphoto - photosE. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，先 y 将改 i

2、，再加上-esfamily families city - cities二、现在进行时构成现在进行时构成（ing 形式）构 成 法 例 词A. 一般加-ing work working study - studyingB. 以 e 结尾的词去 e 后加-ing live living write - writingC. 动词为单音节：以单一元音字母+单一辅音字母结尾，辅音字母双写，再加 ing；动词为双音节或者多音节：最后一个音节为重读音节，以单一元音字母+单一辅音字母结尾，辅音字母双写，再加 ingstop - stoppingrun - running swim - swimmingbeg

3、in - beginning三、一般现在时一般现在时（单三形式）构 成 法 例 词A. 一般动词在词尾加-s help helps make - makesB. 以 s, x , ch，sh，结尾的动词在词尾加-esfix fixes teach teaches wash - washesC. 以 o 结尾的动词在词尾加 -es go goes do - doesD. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先 y 变为 i，再加-esfly - fliesstudy studies carry - carriesE. 不规则变化 have - has四、一般过去时一般过去时（-ed 形式）构 成 法

4、例 词A. 一般动词在词尾加-ed cook - cookedplay - playedB. 以 e 结尾的动词在词尾加-d live - livedC. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先 y 变为i，再加-edfly - fliedstudy - studiedD. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母加-edstop - stoppedplan - plannedE. 不规则变化 swim - swamhave - hadF. be 动词变化am - wasis - wasare - were五、形容词比较级形容词比较级（er 形式）构 成 法 例 词A. 一般直接加-er

5、long - longerB. 如果以-e 结尾，直接加-r nice - nicerC. 闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母须双写这个字母，再加-er big - biggerD. 以辅音字母加-y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加-er heavy - heavier小学阶段没有强调比较级的不规则变化PEP 教材四会句型汇总一、一般疑问句1. - Did you read books? 你读书了吗？- Yes, I did.是的，我读过了。/ No, I didnt. 不，我没有读过。2. - Is she quiet? 她文静吗？- No, she isnt. Shes very active

6、. 不，她不。她很活跃。- Is she strict? 她严格吗？- Yes, she is, but shes very kind. 是的，她是，但是她很和蔼。3. - Is this a teachers desk? 这是一张讲台桌吗？/ Is it cold? 冷吗？/ Is her birthday in June? 她的生日在六月吗？/ Is this your T-shirt? 这是你的 T 恤衫吗？- Yes, it is. 是的。/ No, it isnt. (No, its not.) 不，不是的。4. - Can you make the bed? 你会铺床吗？/ Can

7、 you use a computer? 你会使用电脑吗？- Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/ No, I cant. 不，我不会。5. - Are they ducks? 它们是鸭子吗？/ Are they eating the honey? 它们吃蜂蜜吗？- Yes, they are. 是的，它们是。 / No, they arent. 不，它们不是。6. - Is there a forest in the park? 公园里有一个森林吗？/ Is there a river? 那里有条河吗？- Yes, there is. 是的，那里有。/ No, there arent. 不

8、，那里没有。7. - Are there any pandas in the mountains? 山里有一些熊猫吗？/ Are there any fish in the rivers? 河里有一些鱼吗？- Yes, there are. 是的，那里有。/ No, there arent. 不，那里没有。8. - Are you eating lunch? 你（们）正在吃午餐吗？- Yes, I am. (Yes, we are.) 是的，我正在吃。 （是的，我们正在吃。 ）/ No, I am not. (No, we arent.) 不，我没有在吃。 （不，我们没有在吃。 ）9. - I

9、s he playing chess? 他正在下棋吗？- Yes, he is. 是的，他是。 / No, he isnt. 不，他没有。10. - Is she counting insects? 她正在数昆虫吗？- Yes, she is. 是的，她是。/ No, she isnt. 不，她没有。11. - Does she / he teach English? 她（他）教英语吗？- Yes, she / he does. 是的，她（他）是。/ No, she / he doesnt. 不，她（他）不是。二、谈论时间1. - What time is it? 几点钟？- Its two

10、oclock. 两点钟。/ Its 9: 45. Its time for math class. 九点四十五。是上数学课的时间了。2. - What day is it today? 今天星期几？- Its Wednesday. 星期三。3. - When do you eat dinner? 你几点吃晚餐？- I eat dinner at 7: 00 in the evening. 我晚上 7 点钟吃晚餐。4. - When do you get up? 你几点起床？- I usually get up at 12: 00 noon. 我一般中午 12 点钟起床。5. - When is

11、 your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？- Its in May. 在五月。/ My birthday is in June. 我的生日在六月。/ Uncle Bills birthday is in June, too. 比尔叔叔的生日也在六月。6. - Whats the date? 几月几日？- June 9th. 六月九日。三、谈论颜色1. - What colour is it? 什么颜色？- Its white. 白色。四、谈论地点1. - Where are you going this afternoon? 下午你打算去哪？- Im going to the boo

12、kstore. 我打算去书店。2. - Where did you go on your holiday? 假期你去了哪？- I went to Xinjiang. 我去了新疆。3. - Where does she work? 她在哪工作？- She works in a hospital. 她在医院工作。4. - Where does the rain come from? 雨从哪来？- It comes from the clouds. 它从云里来。5. - Where is the cinema, please? 请问电影院在哪？- Its next to the hospital.

13、在医院旁边。/ Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. Its on the left. 在电影那左转，然后直走。它在你的左边。6. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. 那有两个卧室，一个厨房，一个卫生间和一个客厅。There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. 那有一面镜子，一张床和一个大衣柜。The closet is near the table. 衣柜在桌子的附近。Many clothes are in the

14、 closet. 很多的衣服在衣柜里。The trash bin is behind the door. 垃圾桶在门后。五、谈论价格1. - How much is it? 这个多少钱？- Its ten yuan. 十元。2. - How much are they? 它们多少钱？- Theyre three yuan. 它们三元。六、谈论数量1. - How many horses are there? 那有多少匹马？- Twelve. 十二匹。七、谈论人物1. - Whos your English teacher? 你的英语老师是谁？- Mr Carter. 卡特先生。2. - Wha

15、ts he like? 他长什么样？- Hes tall and strong. 他又高又强壮。3. How old are you? 你几岁？八、谈论喜好1. - Whats your favourite fruit? 你最喜欢的水果是什么？- I like apples. Theyre sweet. 我喜欢苹果。它们很甜。/ I like fruit. But I dont like grapes. Theyre sour. 我喜欢水果。但我不喜欢葡萄。它们很酸。2. - Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？- I like winter bes

16、t. 我最喜欢冬天。/ Summer is good, but fall is my favourite season. 夏天很好，但秋天是我最喜欢的季节。3. - Why do you like summer? 你为什么喜欢夏天？- Because I can swim in the lake. 因为我可以在湖里游泳。- Why do you like winter? 你为什么喜欢冬天？- Because I can sleep a long time. 因为我可以睡很长的时间。4. - Whats your hobby? 你的爱好是什么？- I like collecting stamps

17、. 我喜欢收集邮票。 / He likes collecting stamps, too. 他也喜欢收集邮票。九、谈论事情1. This is my computer. 这是我的电脑。 That is your computer. 那是你的电脑。2. Lets play football. 让我们踢足球吧。3. This is Zhang Peng. 这是张鹏。4. - What did you do last weekend? 你上个周末做了什么？- I played football. 我踢了足球。5. - What are you going to buy? 你打算去买什么？- I am

18、 going to buy a comic book. 我打算去买一本漫画书。6. - What are you going to do on the weekend? 周末你打算去做什么？- Im going to visit my grandparents this weekend. 这个周末我打算去拜访我的祖父母。7. - What are they doing? 他们在做什么？- Theyre swimming. 他们在游泳。 / They are climbing trees. 他们在爬树。8. - What is it doing? 它在做什么？- Its eating banan

19、as.它正在吃香蕉。9. - What is she doing? 她在做什么？- Shes jumping.她在跳。10. - What are you doing? 你正在做什么？- Im doing the dishes. 我正在洗碗。 / Im reading a book. 我正在读书。11. Grandpa is writing a letter. 爷爷正在写信。Brother is doing homework. 兄弟正在做作业。Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 妈妈正厨房里烧饭。Hes writing an e-mail in the

20、study. 他正在书房里写一封电子邮件。12. - What do you do on the weekend? 你周末做什么？- Usually I watch TV and go shopping. 一般我看电视和去购物。/ Sometimes I visit my grandparents. 有时候我去拜访我的祖父母。/ I often play football. 我经常去踢足球。/ Sometimes I go hiking. 有时候我去远足。13. - What do you have on Thursdays? 星期四你们有什么课？- We have English, math

21、 and science on Thursdays. 星期四我们有英语，数学和科学课。14. - What do you do on Saturdays? 星期六你做什么？- I watch TV on Saturdays. 星期六我看电视。15. - What about you? 你呢？- I do my homework, too. 我也做我的家庭作业。16. - What do you have for lunch on Mondays? 星期一你中餐吃什么？- We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. 我们吃西红柿，豆腐和鱼。17. - What can yo

22、u do? 你能做什么？- I can sweep the floor. 我会扫地。 / I can cook the meals. 我会做饭。 / I can water the flowers. 我会浇花。十、谈论方式1. - How do you go to school, Sarah? 萨拉，你怎么去学校？- Usually I go to school on foot. 一般我走路去学校。/ Sometimes I go by bike. 有时候我骑自行车。2. - How can I get to Zhongshan Park? 我怎么去中山公园？- You can go by t

23、he No. 15 bus. 你可以坐 15 路公共汽车。3. - How did you go there? 你怎么去那？- I went by train. 我坐火车去。4. - How do you do that? 你怎么做那件事？- First, I . Then I . 首先，我。然后我。5. What should you do then? 然后你怎么做？6. - How does she go to work? 她怎么去工作？- She goes to work by bus. 她坐公共汽车去工作。十一、谈论心情，身体状况1. How are you, Liu Yun? 刘云，

24、你怎么样？You look so happy. 你看起来很开心。2. How are you, Sarah? 萨拉，你怎么样？You look sad today. 今天你看起来很伤心。3. - Whats the matter? 怎么了？- My throat is sore. My nose hurts. 我的喉咙痛。我的鼻子痛。十二、谈论体重、身高1. - How heavy are you? 你多少重？- Im 48 kg. 我 48 公斤。- Im thinner than you, and shorter. 我比你瘦和矮。2. - How tall are you? 你多高？- Im 164 cm tall. 我 164 厘米高。- Youre shorter than me. 你比我矮。/ Youre 4 cm taller than me. 你比我高四厘米。十三、谈论职业1. - What does your mother do? 你妈妈做什么的？- She is a TV reporter. 她是一个电视台记者。十四、谈论天气1. Its warm today. 今天很暖和。2. Its cool. 今天很凉爽。