10个经典设计模式定义及图解.DOC

1、第 1 页（共 9 页）10 个经典设计模式定义及图解1、 The Strategy Pattern defines a family of algorithms, encapsulates each one, and makes them interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it.DecoyDuckDecoyDuck()display()FlyBehaviorfly()QuackBehaviorquack() DuckDuck()setFlyBehavior

2、()stQuackehavior()disply()performFly()rfrQuack()swim() flyBehaviorquackBehaviorFakeQuack FlyNoWayfly()FlyRocketPowerdfly()FlyWithingsfly()MalrdDuckMalrdDuck()disply()MuteQuackQuackquack() RedHeadDuckRedHeadDuck()isply() RuberDuckRuberDuck()display()Squeakquack()2、The Observer Pattern defines a one-t

3、o-many relationship between objects so that when one object changes state, all of its dependents are notified and updated automatically.0.*SubjectregisterObserver()removeObserver()notifyObserver()Observerupdate()Each subject canhave many observersupdate() will be called whenthe Subjects state change

4、s.These methods will be called When to register as observers , remove themselves from Being observers, or update allthe observers whenever state changes.For example：第 2 页（共 9 页）SubjectregisterObserver()removeObserver()notifyObserver()Observerupdate()0.*CurentConditions Displayupdate()display()Weathe

5、rDataregisterObserver()removeObserver()notifyObserver() 1DisplayElementdisplay()Statistics Displayupdate()display()Forecast Displayupdate()display()3、The Decorator Pattern attaches additional responsibilities to an object dynamically. Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for exte

6、nding functionality.ConcreteComponentAConcreteDecoratorA ConcreteDecoratorBDecoratorComponentConcreteComponentBFor example:第 3 页（共 9 页）HouseBlendHouseBlend()cost()DarkRoastDarkRoast()cost() SteamedMilkSteamedMilk()getDescription()cost()MochaMocha()getDescription()cost()SoySoy()getDescription()cost()

7、EspresoEspreso()cost()DecafDecaf()cost()Beveragedescription : StringgetDescription()cost() CondimentsgetDescription()#baseWhipWhip()getDescription()cost()4、The Factory Method Pattern defines an interface for creating an object, but lets subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory Method le

8、ts a class defer instantiation to subclasses.Product CreatorfactoryMethod()otherOperation()ConcreteCreatorfactoryMethod()ConcreteProductFor example:第 4 页（共 9 页）NYFactorycreatePiza() ChicagoFactorycreatePiza()NYStyleChesePizaNYStylePeperoniPizaNYStyleClamPizaNYStyleVegiePizaChicagoStyleCheesePizaChic

9、goStylePeperoniPizaChicagoStyleClamPizaChicagoStyleVegiePizaPizaStoreorderPiza() FactorycreatePiza()5、 The Singleton Pattern ensures a class has only one instance, and provides a global point of access to it.Singletonstatic uniqueInstancestatic getInstance() Holds our one and onlyinstance of Singlet

10、on.You can conveniently accessthe method anywhere?6、The Command Pattern encapsulates a request as an object, thereby letting you parameterize other objects with different requests, queue or log requests, and support undoable operations.第 5 页（共 9 页）InvokersetComand() Comandexecute()undo()ConcreteComa

11、ndexecute()undo()Receiveraction()public void execute()receiver.action();For example:7、The Adapter Pattern converts the interface of a class into another interface the clients expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldnt otherwise because of incompatible interfaces.第 6 页（共 9 页）Client Targe

12、trequest()Adapterrequest() AdaptespecificRequest()For example:8、The Facade Pattern provides a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem. Faade defines a higher-level interface that makes the subsystem easier to use.第 7 页（共 9 页）Client FacadeFor example:ClientScrenTheaterLightsPopcornPop

13、erHomeTheaterFacadeTunerCdPlayerAmplifierDvdPlayerProjector9、The Template Method Pattern defines the skeleton of a algorithm in a method, deferring some steps to subclasses. Template Method lets subclasses redefine certain steps of an algorithm without changing the algorithms structure.第 8 页（共 9 页）primitiveOperation1();primitiveOperation2();For example:10、The State Pattern allows an object to alter its behavior when its internal state changes.第 9 页（共 9 页）state.handle();For example: