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TOEFL听力笔记.doc

1、1TOEFL 听力笔记一、实力1、 语音。2、 语调。3、 词汇。-口语词汇,特色词汇。例:security office, patrol, escort 校园护卫队cab 出租车cop 警察course 课程down 心情不好二、技巧1、 纯技巧2、 特色技巧三、原则1、 先看,后听,再选2、 不在题册上做答案听力主题题的主要标志词history, development, evolution, growth, effect, affect, to show / illustrate, provide, background, information.听力段落分类一、生物学98-5-C3 9

2、5-10-C2 95-12-C2 96-8-C1 96-1-A C 96-1-B296-5-C2 96-12-B2 97-5-B2 96-12-C2 98-5-C3 98-8NA-B298-8-C2 98-10-C1 99-1-C3二、地质学95-12-B1 96-1-C3 96-8-C2 97-10-C3 99-1-C2三、天文学97-5-C3 97-12-C3 99-5-C3 99-8-B1 2000-1-C3四、历史学95-12-C1 95-12-C3 96-5-B2 96-5-C1 98-5-C2 98-8-C398-10-C3 99-8-B1 99-10-C2五、人物95-8-C3

3、96-1NA-C3 97-1-C2 97-8-C3 97-10-C198-8-C1 99-10-C2 2000-1-C330 个灵活的动词1.break 2.bring 3.call 4.carry 5.catch e7.cut 8.do 9.draw 10.get 11.give 12.go213.have 14.hold 15.keep 16.lay 17.let 18.look19.make 20.play 21.push 22.put 23.run 24.see25.set 26.stand 27.stick 28.take 29.turn 30.work听力段落十大原则(出题处)1、

4、 导语+首句 原则短语:in a nut shell 简而言之2、 建议 原则建议做:You are better of doing? Hadnt you better? Why not? Why dont you?How dose - sound?建议不做:Why do?普通建议:Is there anything wrong with this?3、 强调 原则(1) 、语义强调原则remember, especially, most, and again, I almost forgot, make sure, be sure, One thing I must mention, Wha

5、t you should do is, first, next, finally(2) 、听说强调原则A、重读 B、停顿 C、慢读(3) 、举例强调原则(4) 、解释强调原则_,which means_, that is to say4、 比较原则compare to, in contrast, similar, similarly, differently, more than, as-as, alike, unlike, superior to, inferior to5、 数字原则注意 frequency6、 重复原则7、 因果原则8、 转折原则but, however, though,

6、 although, even though, nevertheless, while, in fact, as a matter of fact, to be honest, honestly, to be frank, frankly, to tell you the truth9、 人名原则发展史、人名(职业、贡献)10、 自我原则个人观点:I assume, to my knowledge, as far as I am concerned, according to my understanding选择:multiple choice判断:true/ false问答:essay, Q

7、s综合性:comprehensive3普考样题第一套toss and turn 辗转反侧普考样题第二套现代美语口语中,awfully = very学科:Algebra 代数Geometry 几何学Trigonometry 三角学Calculus 微积分学Arithmetic 算术Anthropology 人类学Archaeology 考古学Biology 生物学Ecology 生态学Geology 地质学Meteorology 气象学Psychology 心理学Sociology 社会学Zoology 动物学Botany 植物学Physiology 生理学Acoustics 声学Aesthet

8、ics 审美学Economics 经济学Electronics 电子学Politics 政治学Physics 物理学Optics 光学Linguistics 语言学Mechanics 机械学Electronics engineering 电子工程Pedagogics 教育学Statistics 统计学Astronomy 天文学Journalism 新闻学Magnetism 磁学Magnetic card 磁卡Anatomy 解剖学4形容“好”的词:amazing excellent grand impressive marvelous magnificentstriking super ter

9、rific brilliant fabulous gloriousincredible miraculous majestic splendid wonderful普样考题第三套1、修理:repair, fix, mend, amend2、维护:service, upkeep, maintain, maintenance3、复印机:copy machine, copier, duplicator, duplicating machine4、旅行社:travel agency旅行社的两件事:订房间、订机票预订:book, reserve, make a reservation订满:be book

10、ed out5、 locker room:更衣室6、cut down (on) 减少cut it out 别烦了cut off 电话被切断了(=disconnected )be cut out for/ to do 天生是- 的料7、 丢东西场景丢的东西:umbrella, keys, wallet/ purse, notes原因:have a bad/short memory, mislay/ misplace(乱丢乱放)丢东西后,找(check):security office, ticket counter/ seller, information desk上交:turn in, han

11、d in失物招领:lost-and-found8、 单词 paper 的意思:论文、报纸、简历、纸张9、 干净:tidy, clean, neat, spotless小:tiny, hard turn around in it, cramped脏乱:messy, at sixes and sevens, mess, chaotic, dust, dirty, dump, vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)10、 graduate with honors:以优异的成绩毕业11、 kill two hours:打发时间12、 Nows as good a time as any.:= On

12、e days as good as the next. 哪天都行13、 找工作:job hunting查报纸:check the paper工作:position, occupation, vocation, job栏目:section, classified招工拦:help-wanted section14、 第 23 题:Ill pass it, then. 表示本题中 the woman 不想喝咖啡。喝咖啡场景:(1) 不喝的原因:medical restriction, 不好喝,be off caffeine.5(2) 咖啡里加的东西有:cream, sugar, milk(3) 装咖

13、啡的东西:coffee set, pot15、 一个短语:take a (coffee) break 休息一会16、 24 题:over my head 不懂17、 倾盆大雨:downpour, rain cats and dogs, pour down18、 pick up:接人,买,捡pick up on ones own:自学19、 心情好的原因:作业做完了,考试考好了,买到便宜货了表示“心情好”的词:in good mood, high-spirited, delighted, on cloud nine, cheerful, in the seventh heaven, please

14、d心情不好的原因:作业多,课程难,考试没考好。表示“心情不好:的词:down, down 接 beat/ cast/ -hearted/ in the mouth/ in the dumps/ and blue, have blues in the eye (眼中充满忧郁), in a bad mood, under the cloud, in low spirit, out of spirit/ source, low-spirited, disappointment, depressed, worried, troubled, upset.有人说心情不好时,对方的回答形式:()为什么 ()

15、怎样摆脱摆脱:get rid of, get over it, cheer up, snap/ step out of it 20、 What is done can not be undone. 覆水难收普考样题第四套、听力关键词afford agree disagree appropriate avoidavailable availability also too eitherbecause combine disagree decide/ up to doubtexpert enjoy eliminate familiar(问路) have toimprove impress late

16、r less longermore must might practice(学习) probablyprefer previous/ used to pollute rather sharesimilar wish study wrong earlieron time history development、吃东西场景() 方法:steamed( 蒸的), steamed bread(馒头), stewed, fried, baked, roasted, grilled, broiled() 味道:bland 无味的,rich/ heavy 油腻的,light 清淡的,spicy/ its h

17、ot. 辣的() 吃饭的地方:restaurant, cafeteria, caf, snack bar() 给小费:tip sb , leave a tip() spoiled/ rotten 坏了的,canned 罐装的,fresh 新鲜的, frozen/ refrigerated 冷冻的() 付帐方式:cash, check, charge(信用卡) () 信用卡:plastic, credit card. 信用卡付帐方式:charge() gourmand 贪吃的人 gourmet 美食家() 食物:special 特色菜, entre 主菜,beverage 除水以外的能喝的,so

18、ft 6drink,lemonade,lemon juice/ orange juice,appetizer 开胃菜, dessert 甜点甜点有:cake, cookie, ice-cream, pie, biscuit, pudding、与资票,储蓄有关的词()check in 检查,入住 check out (在图书馆)办手续,不住了结帐check up 检查 cash a check 兑现资票check book 资票本()saving account 定期 checking account 活期()存钱:save, deposit some money()folded book 存折

19、 withdraw 取withdraw $200 only 取元整 form 存单、职业:electrician 电工plumber 管道工carpenter 木匠bricklayer 泥瓦匠mechanic/ technician 技术工人maintenance man/ crew/ person 维护员repairman 维修员surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医psychologist 心理学家physician 内科医生dietitian/ dietician 营养学家vet 兽医dermatologist 皮肤科医师pharmacist 药剂师accountant 会计sta

20、tistician 统计员teller 银行里的出纳员cashier 商店里的出纳员5、男生特点:男生花钱如流水,男生宿舍总是脏,男生总是爱害羞,男生没事老紧张。(1) 紧张:cant sit/ stand/ be still, on pins and needles, like a cat on hot bricks, on edge, get cold feet(2) 害羞:afraid of public speaking, embarrassed(3) 内向:keep to oneself(4) 考试前:make up/ fill/ cram for the exam(5) 其他坏习惯

21、:没礼貌,oversleep6、 女生特点:(1) 学习:around the clock, 24/36/48 hours a day, can hardly tear herself away from 7study, competent(有能力,有经历的)(2) 熬夜:be up, stay up, burn the midnight oil(3) 女生不计仇:计仇:hold the grudge性格:broad, minded, mild恢复过来:get over it quicklu7、与 put 有关的短语Put through 把电话接通Stay put 呆在原地Put the c

22、art before the horse 本末倒置Put up/ away 整理Put ones heart and soul into 全身心投入Put our heads together 集思广益Put into effect 生效7、 lounge 休息室,lobby 休息室,门厅8、 shuttle bus 区间汽车9、 关于笔记(1) 记笔记:take (careful) notes, take down, write down, jot down, put it on paper(2) 考笔记:be based on the notes(3) 借笔记:lend, borrow(4

23、) 字难认:handwritting, make out(辨认), illegible(潦草,与 “有资格”eligible for 不同)10、 seminar/ workshop 研讨课11、 费用:expense, fee, budgetCharge 费用,罚款Postage/ postal rate 邮资Tuition 学费Rent 房费Deposit/ rent in advance 定金Change 零钱Water bill 水费Utilities 水电费Fare 公交费12、 duck cram 填鸭13、 stamp machine 自动售邮票机14、 bill 帐单,现金15

24、、 He wont just go to any school. 他不随便去哪所学校。16、 商场:mall, department store杂货店:grocery store, drugstore17、 make it = arrive/ reach successfully 赶得上,成功Can you make it? 你能行吗?18、 class treasurer 生活委员19、 spare=extra 20、 诊所:infirmary, clinic, health center, health services, medical center821、 introductory c

25、ourse 基础课22、 get/ have some time off 有时间休息23、 jewelry 珠宝店,钟表店24、 I doubt 我不认为,I suspect 我不认为25、 (1)期中 midterm 期末 final 考试:exam, test, quiz(小考,试卷),pop quiz(突击性小测验)(2)开卷:open-book, take-home(3)written test 笔试, oral test 口试(4)全 A:straight As(5)分数:grade, score, mark95 年 8 月、 重复题型A 说一句话B 重复(a 形容词表示赞同,b 非

26、形容词表示否定)、 It is all the same to me.It makes no difference.It doesnt make any difference.都一样Six of one and half a dozen of the other.半斤八两、 钱:buck, bread, dough, do-re-mi买:purchase, get, take, invest in, pick up, stock up on卖:for sale(准备卖) ,on sale(减价)折价:cash in on sth.以旧换新:trade in分期付款:pay/ buy insta

27、llment一期付款:down payment预付款:payment in advance学生住处预付款:deposit退款:refund便宜:a big sale, a good buy/ bargain/ deal/ price太便宜了:what a deal!非常便宜:Its a steal.打折:discount off20 off 打八折家庭甩卖:garage sale太便宜:dirt-cheap价格合理:reasonable, be worthy of money减价物品的货架:sales rank、 规律:讲打电话的原因。、 困:dozy, drowsy, can hardly

28、keep ( myself from doze off/ my eyes open), cant see straight, my eyes seem to blur小睡:doze off、 规律:衣服有点问题就不能穿。9、 22 题,恍然大悟题型。原以为 “ he cant come”此种题型特点:(1) 重读 情态动词、系动词、助动词(2) 问题是“原以为什么”、 选修课:elective, selective, optional course, electives, selectives基础课:introductory course, intro, basic高级课:advance必修课

29、:required course, requirements、 25 题:one end :持续不断的、 26 题:stock up on 买、 27 题:no pushover 不好对付的。、 规律:老师难对付、 和老师交流:(1)面对面:face to face(2)以书面形式:through mail, in writing、 30 题: refreshment 食物饮料、 give sb a hand 帮助 give sb ones hand 答应嫁给、 牛排被烹饪的程度:rare, medium, well-done, overdone, burnt、 海滩场景 beach:(1)

30、喜欢去(2) 去多久(3) 干什么:swim, surf 冲浪,sand/ beach volleyball, sun bath, get a tan, get sun-tanned, lie down on the beach and do nothing(4) 去不了、 减肥常常考节食少不了锻炼很重要坚持要做到(1) 胖:big, heavy, overweight, fat(不礼貌)肥胖症:obese, obesity啤酒肚:pot belly微胖:chubby(2) 手段:exercise+ on diet节食:get on diet营养学家:dietitian, dietician减

31、肥者:dieter(3) 健身中心:gym, gymnasium, fitness center, fat farm(这是军事化减肥中心,人们说:They treat us like animals.)(4) 健康状况:physical condition, fitness保持健康:keep fit, stay/ keep in shape胖了:gain/ put on some weight瘦了:lose some weight状况好:fit as a fiddle, in the pink、 贵:cost sb dearly/ a lot/ a fortune/ an arm and a

32、legits way(非常)too much money.没钱:cant afford, cant make ends meet, be broke, in the red, have a tight budget, 10be (a little) hard up, Money seems be burning ,a hole in my pocket. The more I earned, the more I spent.所以要:do serious shopping95 年 10 月、 typewriter 打字机, typist 打字员、 规律:apple pie 好吃,pizza 难

33、吃、 规律:夸时,附和、 坏了:break down, out of order, doesnt work、 a block 两条街的距离、 upside down 上下反了, inside out 里外反了、 手册:booklet, pamphlet, brochure, manual, handbook、 album 专集,photo album 像册,stamp album 集邮册、 light 清淡的,big 大(餐) ,heavy 油腻的、 I bet 我认为,You bet 肯定、 Is ice cold?Is the sky blue?Does the bird fly?Does

34、 the fish swim? 都等同与 Of course.、 how does sound? 表示建议、 Save your breath, its out of earshot.省点力气吧,他听不见。、 规律:说坏了,说修;说修,说修不了。、 pack up 打包,拥挤、 deal (cards) 发牌, shuffle (cards) 洗牌、 规律:注意起飞地点和着陆地点。、 买礼物: ()不买贵的(2)那人很挑剔:be particularly picky about, have a high taste for sth, pure silk 真丝、shake it off 甩掉(雨

35、伞上的)水、comeback 东山再起、规律:考试一定难。、兑现支票:cash a check, get a check cashed取钱:get some money付帐单:pay for the bill, pack up the bill, take care of the bill, accept the charge, the bill is on me, foot the bill各付各的账:go dutch, split the bill95 年月、运动种类:football, tennis, soccer, rock-climbing, rugby, cycling运动目的:fun, keep fit(运动加节食) ,benefit(慈善)、benefit concert 慈善音乐会,benefit fair 义卖会,benefit bazaar 义卖会(bizarre 奇怪的) , charity show 慈善表演、be tired up 被占着sb is tired up 人忙

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