冠醚及其类似物:穴状配体,开链配体和球冠醚及其类似物:穴状配体,开链配体和球状配体的主状配体的主-客体化学客体化学Host-guestHost-guestchemistrychemistryofofcrowncrownethersethers(coronandscoronands),),podandspodands,cryptandscryptands,and,andspherandsspherandsHost or receptor: crown ether, etc. Guest or substrate: metal ion, etc. 1.1.冠醚的发现冠醚的发现1967,C.J.Pedersen偶然获得,(1987Nobel奖)KMnO4+冠醚溶于苯或氯仿K+离子掉进了冠醚分子的洞中: 由此开创了冠醚类化合物、主-客体化学、分子识别的研究乃至开创了超分子化学。Valinomycin(left)givesastrongandselectivecomplex(right)inwhichaK+ionisincludedinthemacrocycliccavity.2.冠醚类化合物的