1、本科生毕业设计外文翻译中国旅游的现状分析An analysis of the present situation of Chinas tourism1.Foreign travel e-commerce development trendEMARKET report based on the latest data, online travel sales in the United States in 2006 has risen sharply and more than 78.8 billion U.S. dollars, and hopes to continue to grow by
2、 16.6 percent compound annual growth rate in 2010 reached 145.8 billion U.S. dollars. This strong growth figures and the phenomenon is not confined in the United States. European online travel industry in 2005 grew 49%, and there is hope to continue to grow until 2009. Abroad can be seen online is t
3、he outbreak of the tourism industry, and this is accompanied by the outbreak of new products and services support. Check their flight, hotels, cheap airline tickets and package deals to support tourism-related RSS, podcasts, blog and community, groups, websites and online travel booking flights and
4、hotels is that these travel sites provide the main function. ALEXA based data, EXPEDIA is the worlds first travel Web site, it ranked 409 of the flow, followed by TRIPADVISOR, ranked 504. Other top tourist site in front of the YAHOO! TRAVEL, TRAVELOCITY, OTBITZ, and KAYAK. All of these sites have hi
5、gh quality content (maps, reservation services, reviews, etc.) and information before and after the relationship. The web site also contains some of which are vertical search and comparison tools. EXPEDIA in 2006 was 2.2 billion U.S. dollars of income. Keep pace with the blog community, a number of
6、tourism revealed the same blog. Based on FPRRESTER RESEARCH, peer review and the blog in the tourism program has an enormous impact, for network users, and this is an obvious fact, 33% of leisure travelers to change their hotel based on their blog or other tourist related community website to read t
7、he content. TRIPADVISOR has the worlds largest travel community, more than 5,000,000 messages. ALEXA data in accordance with, VIRTUAL TOURIST travel blog is one of the most important, there are over 800,000 registered users across more than 220 countries and regions, 30 million monthly page views an
8、d 5 million unique visitors, covering two million tourist destination, which is equivalent to 4 times of travel guide, such as FROMMERS.COM and FODORS.COM, and 2 times the CONCIERGE.COM.Today, a number of online travel industry to prove the emergence of small-market sites, such as FARECAST.COM and F
9、ARECOMPARE.COM, these sites so that users can compare prices, flights and decided the best time to book air-tickets. GUSTO.COM, a travel-related social networking site allows users to share their travel routes and travel information. KAYAK and SIDESTEP, providing vertical search services to look for
10、ward to promote the flow of tourism-related sites.TRAVELERVIDEOS.COM allows users to upload and share their tourism-related photographs and images, as well as write their own blog. These valuable services to the market-driven changes in the rules of the game, through the growing distinction between
11、their own in a highly competitive market and commercialization. 2. China Travel Service, the development trend of e-commerce (1) e-commerce impact on the traditional supply chain: Recently, a survey of tourism trends in search engine reports that tourism products as a new model of online distributio
12、n, with high efficiency and high-quality advantages, become a convergence of the end consumer and the demand for travel suppliers ways; as travel search engine will reduce the network of tourism enterprises the gap between the competition. Travel search engine exists as a separate format, and has gi
13、ven rise to the entire online travel industry, quietly changing. Represented by a search engine, new e-business model is on all aspects of tourism impact and penetrate into the traditional supply chain. In traditional supply chains have emerged in the tourism professional search engine marketing pla
14、tform for the network, the network of wholesalers, B2C network distribution, direct marketing and other travel suppliers at different levels of the value of even the business model. One for tourists, tourism, professional search engine is the most common functions of the price ticket and hotel searc
15、h, you can for a flight to a different hotel from the list of price comparison site, to achieve user-centric, high-efficiency aggregation of information. One supplier for a number of companies to develop a “revenue management system“, by the mathematical model of intelligent help travel suppliers in
16、 a large number of online and traditional distribution channels to develop between the best price and best availability for distribution, with a view to maximize the realization of benefit. Some local Chinese GDS, B2B2C Union Web site and book are also eager to try to develop into a pool of hundreds
17、 of thousands of tourism products of the wholesale platform, through travel agents, travel agents for small and medium-sized retail, win-win collaboration. Direct sales platform for the emerging tourism have begun to debut to the scenic spots, travel agencies, hotels and other tourist services renta
18、l “online store“ and the provision of the network (or cross-media) marketing services, charge an annual fee of relatively fixed rent. In short, Chinas network in 2006 showing a diversity of tourism trends in the intermediary, each have an innovative attempt to change the travel value chain, a link,
19、forming a network of direct sales, network brokers and intermediaries online multi-level complex.(2) the long tail of tourism products GOOGEL and in the main search engine Baidu, the online news and online products and phase out outdated rate of speed than before to after a lot of slow. As the searc
20、h engines measure the relevance of their main targets is to import。Retail sales of the travel agencyBut it must be noted that these personalized products often rely on tourism to a community to bring together a network of their effective market demand. Large-scale tourism and e-commerce platform as
21、a result of breaking the shackles of geographical space, bringing together a large number of travel suppliers and distribution channels, so that they can easily produce such products. And the emergence of WEB 2.0, and can make travel site based on user habits and preferences, web browsing time, and
22、before the record is scheduled to give consumers the products of personal interests and hobbies, and guide consumers to the consumer, and ultimately the original fuzzy prices brought about by the only factor. This allows small and medium-sized travel agencies has been the survival of e-commerce spac
23、e.(3) not just the InternetWave of information technology in recent years, the global system for mobile communications has been the rapid development of business. In China, to China Mobile and China Unicom, as represented by the two mobile operators have established a huge network of mobile communic
24、ations and network in the opening of the voice communications business, as well as SMS data services. And mobile phones - mobile phones, its portable, smart, timely features such as contact also is increasingly being accepted by ordinary people. Last month, the Ministry of Information Industry stati
25、stics show that by the end of July 2007, the national number of mobile phone users over 508 million. April 25 this year for the Minister The travel agency networkBooking platform of business travelNetwork of social tourismPicture 1.1：the long tail of tourism productsof Information Industry Xi Guohua
26、, China Mobile Communication Industry in China Forum that the development of our country the third generation mobile communication conditions are ripe, 3G era is coming. 3G is the abbreviation for English 3rdGeneration that third-generation mobile communication technologies. A relatively standard fi
27、rst-generation analogue phones (1G) and second-generation GSM, TDMA digital mobile phones (2G), third-generation mobile phones generally, refers to wireless communications and multimedia communications, such as the Internet combined with the next-generation mobile communication systems. It can handl
28、e images, music, video streaming and other forms of media, including web browsing, conference calls, e-commerce and other information services. CCID subsequent survey data show that more than 77% of mobile phone users will be clear that the purchase of 3G mobile phones, while 17% of users said that
29、possible future purchase. This shows that the consumer mobile TV, video telephony, high-speed Internet access, music download, multimedia transmission, such as 3G wireless location business showed strong concern. Mobile E-commerce will become a new starting point, combined with intelligent network t
30、echnology, truly people-centered tourism e-business applications. The future of tourism the most important mobile e-commerce technologies include: mobile payment - customers no matter when and where, through mobile phones and other terminals will be able to complete its business or the security of p
31、ersonal funds to pay; short message service - in order to cost-effective way of exchange of information, anytime, anywhere to customers, travel intermediaries and travel services company linked to the outcome of reservations, flight delays and other information can be kept informed of tourists; loca
32、tion-based services - that is the specialized the flow of tourists for the services: personal data prior to the importation of mobile phone or PDA, then I at a certain point, it will tell me, where there is a cinema nearby, will be shown what the film is what I may be of interest, Where have my favo
33、rite book, where I like to eat vegetables, I will know that the airport will be delayed, if late, then the next is a few points, it will not bring the plane in Paris, was sent to me by Timetable , but only to Beijings timetable to me. As the WEB 2.0 is the use of a new, as long as the users found in
34、 the peripheral him no matter what the landscape and the things of interest, users can shoot through the phone, he saw the timely dissemination of the network. All these are brought about by the mobility, and fixed Internet services are impossible. Application of these technologies will enable the t
35、ourism e-commerce service functions better, more universal applications. It can be seen that a lot of travel applications will be ported to mobile services soon. In the face of such a large mobile market, travel agencies on how to intervene, how to cooperate with the mobile operators to look for new
36、 business growth and work together to create new markets, is worthy of travel agencies and mobile operators a common thought.3.Chinas Tourism E-commerce Strategies to deal with international competitionIn todays online travel services, the momentum of rapid development, the network carriers as an on
37、line service developed rapidly, Chinas tourist e-commerce is in this context, generate and develop. Chinas Tourism e-commerce will rely on traditional industries and professional entities, backed by Industry and the Development of e-commerce, on the basis of information technology to increase the us
38、e of the relationship between the management level, to achieve added value. Chinas Tourism industry is now fully open, we look at developed countries, especially the United States travel e-commerce Business model and modus operandi, in which we can conclude that some should learn from the successful
39、 experiences of the establishment of tourist resources such as databases, tourism enterprises and tourism websites alliance the implementation of customization services to enhance the travel site visits, the implementation of e-tickets and so on.With modern technology and information industries, the
40、 rise of the Internet has brought new opportunities for the tourism industry, the networks interactive, real-time, rich and convenience advantages to promote the rapid integration into the network of traditional tourism, the wave of tourism. Well-known American CRG-Research the company said the glob
41、al e-commerce sales in 2005 rose to 620 billion U.S. dollars, with an average annual growth rate of 40%, including tourism, e-commerce sales exceeded 65 billion U.S. dollars, there are around 30 million tourist Internet companies to carry out on-line travel services, the global travel site enjoyed t
42、he number of people over 200 million passengers, according to the World Tourism Organization (WTO) is expected within five years, the global travel e-commerce will account for 25% of all travel transactions. In the next 4 to 5 years, tourism and e-commerce accounted for the proportion of e-commerce
43、will reach 20% 25%.中国旅游的现状分析一、 国外的旅行社电子商务发展趋势依据最新的 EMARKET 报告数据，在线旅游销售在美国于 2006 年急速上升超过 788 亿美元，并且有希望继续增长达 16.6%的年复合增长率，在 2010 年达到 1458 亿美元。这种强劲的增长数字和现象并不局限在美国。欧洲在2005 年在线旅游业增长 49%，并且有希望继续增长直到 2009 年。可见在国外在线旅游业正在爆发，并且这种爆发是伴随着新产品和新服务的支持。查询航班、宾馆、廉价的机票和打包交易，旅游相关 RSS 支持，播客、博客和社区，团体旅游网站和在线预订航班和酒店是这些旅游网站提
44、供的主要功能。依据 ALEXA 的数据，EXPEDIA 是全球第一的旅游网站，它的流量排名为409，接下去是 TRIPADVISOR，排名 504。其他排名在前面的旅游网站是YAHOO！TRAVEL，TRAVELOCITY，OTBITZ 和 KAYAK。所有的这些网站都有着极高的内容质量（地图，预订服务，评论，等等）和前后关系的资讯。其中一些网站同时还有垂直搜索和比较工具。EXPEDIA 在 2006 年获得了 22 亿美元的收入。与博客社区保持步调，一些旅游博客同样显露出来。依据 FPRRESTER RESEARCH，同行评议和博客在旅游计划方面有着巨大的影响，对于网络使用者来说，并且这是明
45、显的事实，33%的休闲旅游者改变他们的宾馆基于他们在博客上或其他旅游相关社区网站上阅读到的内容。TRIPADVISOR 有着全球最大的旅游社区，超过 500 万的邮件。根据ALEXA 的数据，VIRTUAL TOURIST 是旅游博客的最主要的一个，有超过800000 注册用户，跨越超过 220 个国家和地域，每个月 30 百万页的观点和500 万唯一的访问者，覆盖了 200 万的旅游目的地，相当于旅游指南的 4 次，如 FROMMERS.COM 和 FODORS.COM 和 2 倍的 CONCIERGE.COM。今天在线旅游业证明了一些小市场网站的出现，如 FARECAST.COM 和FAR
46、ECOMPARE.COM，这些网站使使用者可以比较价格，航班和决定在最佳的时机预订机票。GUSTO.COM，一个旅游相关社交网站允许使用者分享他们的旅游路线和旅行信息。KAYAK 和 SIDESTEP，提供垂直搜索服务，期待推进旅游相关网站的流量。TRAVELERVIDEOS.COM 允许使用者上传并分享他们的旅游相关照片和影象，以及写他们自己的博客。这些有价值的市场推动服务改变了游戏的规则，通过日益区分他们自己在一个高度竞争和商品化的市场。二、 中国旅行社电子商务的发展趋势(1)电子商务影响传统供应链最近，一份调查趋势报告称旅游搜索引擎作为旅游产品的在线分销新模式，以高效率和高品质的优势，成
47、为衔接终端消费者与旅游供应商的需求的途径；作为代表，各种新的电子商务模式正在各个环节上影响和渗透到旅游传统供应链中。在传统的供应链中出现了旅游专业搜索引擎、网络直销平台、网络批发商、B2C 网络分销、旅游供应商直销等位于价值连不同层次的商业模式。针对旅游者，旅游专业搜索引擎最常见的功能是机票和酒店的比价搜索，可以针对某一个航班、某一个酒店列出来自不同网站的价格比较，实现以用户为中心的、高效率的信息聚合。针对供应商，一些企业开发的“收益管理系统” ，通过智能化的数学模型，帮助旅游供应商在众多的在线和传统分销渠道之间制定最佳房价和最佳空房分配方案，以其实现受益最大化。而中国一些本土的 GDS、B2
48、B2C 网站和预订联盟也在跃跃欲试，试图发展成为汇集千千万万旅游产品的批发平台，再通过旅行社、中小旅游代理商进行零售，协作多赢。新兴的旅游直销平台也开始登场，向景区、旅行社、饭店和其他旅游服务上出租“网上店面” ，并提供网络（或跨媒体）营销服务，收取相对固定的年费租金。总之，2006 年我国网络旅游中介呈现出多元化趋势，每一种创新都试图改变旅游价值链中的一个环节，形成了网络直销、网络中间商和网上多层次中介的复杂局面。(2)旅游产品的长尾 以 GOOGEL 和百度为主的搜索引擎，使得网上新闻和网上产品的过时速度和淘汰率要比从前要缓慢之后很多。由于搜索引擎衡量相关性的主要指标是导入连接点击率而不是
49、时间的新旧，所以当人们输入一个关键词时通常得到的是点击率最高的网页而不是最新的网页。而由于旧的网页有更多的时间去吸纳连接，使得他们很多时候比新的网页更容易排列在次序的前端。网上产品也是这样，在搜索引擎的引导作用下，一个于 2004 年生产，目前早已停产的过时手机，在 2007 年 8 月成为淘宝网手机销售量排行冠军，网上产品的过时速度被 GOOGEL 和百度这样的时光机器大大减缓。而同时，互联网的兴起，使得沟通更为便捷，又促使旅游产品的设计、推广、产生大大加快，综合作用下，使我们面对的是一个丰饶的社会。我们有足够的设计制作空间、足够的流通渠道，足够丰富的产品和充足的选择。旅游产品的丰富多样，销售渠道的灵活和多层次，使得面向个性需求的小众化旅游产品有了存在和发展的空间，这些变化一方面可以说是旅游消费者的不同消费层次和消费需求所引导，另一方面也可以说是我们旅游销售渠
