1、绝密启用前2017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）（科目代码 201）考生注意事项1.答题前，考生必须在试题册指定位置上填写考生姓名和考生编号；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的试卷条形码粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔或者钢笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部
2、分必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂。5.考试结束后，将答题卡和试题册按规定一并交回，不可带出考场。考生姓名： 考生编号：2017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may
3、be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from
4、 Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the
5、 researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for col
6、ds thats usually 14 with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.”Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, of
7、ten called “the bonding hormone” 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood,
8、behavior and physiology.1A Unlike B Besides C Despite D Throughout2A connected B restricted C equal D inferior3A choice B view C lesson D host4A recall B forget C avoid D keep5A collecting B involving C guiding D affecting6A of B in C at D on7A devoted B exposed C lost D attracted8A across B along C
9、 down D out9A calculated B denied C doubted D imagined10A served B required C restored D explained11A Even B Still C Rather D Thus12A defeats B symptoms C tests D errors13A minimized B highlighted C controlled D increased14A equipped B associated C presented D compared15A assess B moderate C generat
10、e D record16A in the face of B in the form of C in the way of D in the name of17A transfer B commit C attribute D return18A because B unless C though D until19A emerges B vanishes C remains D decreases20A experiences B combines C justifies DinfluencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:
11、Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hoursthis is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some
12、major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. Bu
13、t demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a
14、secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons-both fake and realpast airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicagos OHare International .It is not yet clear how much mo
15、re effective airline security has becomebut the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lan
16、es. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck progra
17、m. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Pa
18、ssengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment
19、or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to_.A explain Americans tolerance
20、of current security checksB stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwideChighlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airportD emphasize the importance of privacy protection22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?ANew restrictions on carry-on bagsBThe declini
21、ng efficiency of the TSACAn increase in the number of travellersD Frequent unexpected secret checks23. The wordexpedited(Liner 4,Para.5) is closet in meaning to_.A quieter B cheaper C wider D faster24. One problem with the PreCheck program is_.A a dramatic reduction of its scaleBits wrongly-directed
22、 implementationC the governments reluctance to back itD an unreasonable price for enrollment25. Which of the following would be the best for the text ?ALess Screening for More SafetyBPreCheck-a Belated SolutionCGetting Stuck in Security LinesDUnderused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were
23、 astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaiis last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observat
24、ory that promises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds most powerful telescopes
25、. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk of our planets dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed
26、their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world.
27、 They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Keas fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of
28、 civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaiis shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and H
29、awaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its
30、use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescopes visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.
31、There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalanis remark in Paragraph 1 indicates _.A its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.B the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.C
32、the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.D her appreciation of star watchers feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to _.A its geographical featuresB its protective surroundings.C its religious implications.D its existing infrastructure.28. The const
33、ruction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because _.A it may risk ruining their intellectual life.B it reminds them of a humiliating history.C their culture will lose a chance of revival.D they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in todays
34、 astronomy _.A is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.B helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.C may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.D will eventually soften Hawaiians hostility.30. The authors attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of _.A severe criticism.B
35、passive acceptance.C slight hesitancy.D full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a countrys GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to asse
36、ss what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UKs GDP has been the envy of the Western world, w
37、ith record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their countrys economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well
38、-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, educati
39、on and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in
40、 key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isnt the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a
41、lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a countrys success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is
42、no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a persons sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for
43、our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he _.Apraised the UK for its GDP.Bidentified GDP with happiness
44、.Cmisinterpreted the role of GDP .Dhad a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _.Athe UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .BGDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .Cthe UK will contribute less to the world economy .Dpolicymakers in the UK are pa
45、ying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?AIt is sponsored by 163 countries .BIt excludes GDP as an indicator.CIts criteria are questionable .DIts results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that _.Athe UK is prepar
46、ing for an economic boom .Bhigh GDP foreshadows an economic decline .Cit is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .Dit requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?AHigh GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK LessonBGDP Figures , a Window on
47、Global Economic HealthCRebort F. Kennedy , a Terminator of GDPDBrexit, the UKs Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of h
48、is conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high courts decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnells trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governors decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver
