1、1代词的用法代词在近几年高考试题中的复现率为 100%，每年至少测试一道题。测试代词常用对话形式，构成特定语境，考查考生灵活运用代词的能力。代词指代的范围、作主语时主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考的必考点。其中不定代词 one，the one ，ones 与 that，those，it 的用法区别。代词的概念：代词是指代替名词以及起名词作用的词、短语或句子的词。主要分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词。代词的分类：人称代词 物主代词 分类人称数量主格 宾格 形容词性名词性反身代词第一人称单数I me my mine mysel
2、f第二人称单数you you your yours yourselfhe him his his himselfshe her her hers herself第三人称单数it it its its itself第一人称复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称复数they them their theirs themselves1人称代词分清主格和宾格形式,主格主要用作主语，宾格主要宾语和表语。I bought a present for him. Who is it? Its me2物主代词：名词性物主
3、代词在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语，构成双重所有格：a friend of mine 2。形容词性物主代词只能起定语作用。通常：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词例如：This isnt my shirt; mine is over there.注意：分清主格宾格，主语用主格，宾格主要宾语和表语 形容词物主代词时候+名词 The panda is its top (attract).形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词 Is it his coat? No, it is mine. 练习：1. Shall _(we) go to the zoo by bus or by bike?2.
4、 Bob loves _(he) mother very much. 3. Who bought it for _(she)? 4. Jim is a very good boy. We all like _(he). 5. _(we) new model plane can fly very high. 6. I have a lovely cat, _ (it) name is Carl. 7. This is _ (he) bike. 8. She doesnt like _(she) new dress at all. 9. Is this red coat yours? No, _
5、is yellow.10. 物主代词构成的短语 lose ones way do ones best earn ones living keep ones word hold ones breath save ones life make up ones mind in ones opinion三反身代词: 反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。a. 作宾语：We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. Please help yourself to some fish.b. 作表语； be ,系动词 feel, look,seem 之后I am not m
6、yself today. The poor girl in the picture is myself3c.作同位语The thing itself is not important. I myself can do it well. *反身代词习惯用语。 teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴； seat oneself 请坐 dress oneself 自己穿上衣服； help yourself to 自取，随便吃一点； talk to oneself 自言自语； call oneslef 自称 make oneself understood 使自己让别人理
7、解；四相互代词:有 each other 和 one another 两组。each other 用于两个人或是物之间，译为“互相，彼此”；one another 用于三个或是三个以上的人或物之间。You two should help each other with their study. We respect one another. We often point out each others mistakes.五指示代词:this, that, these, those，the same(同样的), such（这样的）, so （这样）.1this(these) 近指; this(t
8、hese)一般指后面要讲到的事物（将要发生）e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine This gift is for you and that one is for your brother.I like theses books but I dont like those(books).What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing2而 that (those)远指，而 that(those)常指刚提到或是已经完成的事情。e.g. He didnt comeThat is why he di
9、dnt knowThats all, thank you!3. such 指前面所述提到的这样的人或事物，so 代替一个句子或者短语所表达的事情，the same 指刚刚提到的同一个人或事物I have never seen such a funny filmAs far as I know, there is no such car in this place.It is going to rain tonight. I hope so./ I hope not.I am the same age as you.4Happy new year! The same to you.3. one,
10、 ones, the one, the ones, that, those, itOne a/an+单数名词 Ones 复数名词 The one The+单数名词 The ones The +复数名词 That The+单数名词 /不可数名词（尤其是有后置定语） those The+复数名词（尤其是有后置定语） It 指代前面提到同一个事物My pen is lost. I must look for it.My pen is lost. I must buy one.I prefer red roses to white ones.The boy in this class are clev
11、erer that the ones/those in that class.The population of China is bigger than that of India. (that=the population）The cell phones we made nowadays are better than those/the ones made 2 years ago.练习：1. I have lost my umbrella; Im looking for _.2. I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy _.3. The u
12、mbrella you bought is cheaper than _I bought. 4. The water in the cup is hotter than _in the pot.5. There were a few young people and some older _ in the house.6. Marys handwriting is far better than_ of Peter.8.I found _hard to get on with her.9.He has saved my life. Ill never forget _. 10. Dont ta
13、ke the notebook away. My wife is using . 11. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than in the city.512. Weve been looking at houses but havent found we like yet. 13.Many will fail to find jobs or lose the they have.总结：that 可以指代可数单数或特指不可数名词，相当于 “the+单数可数名词/ 不可数名词”；those
14、只能代替可数名词复数（=those ones 或 the ones）；one 用来代替前面出现的单数可数名词（泛指），相当于“a/an+ 单数名词”; it 指前面所指的同一物ones 用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数（泛指）； the one 用来代替前面出现的可数名词单数（特指），有时可用 that 来代替；the ones 用来代替前面可数名词复数，有时可以用 those 来代替（特指）； Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have _?Ait B that Cone Dthis The Parkers bought a new
15、house but _will need a lot of work before they can move inAthey Bit Cone Dwhich 六不定代词：不明确指代某个（些）人或事物的代词。1、both，either ，neither 都表两者范围，在句中作主语、宾语、定语 ，both 可用作同位语。both 意为“两者都 “，either 表“ 两者中任一个“ ，neither 表“ 两者都不“。【2017 全国卷】改错：Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school.2、any，none ，all 表三者或三者以上范围， any 表任何
16、一个、一些(不可数或复数概念，用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中)；none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不；表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有；all 整个的；所有的(三者或三者以上) ；所有的(不可数)。E.g. This book is a good seller，so you can buy it at any shop in BeijingNone of us are/is perfectAll of the village was floodedsome 用于肯定句或由情态动词引导的某种请求或是意愿的疑问句。There is some water here. Would you like t
17、o drink some milk?练习：1.To reach an agreement, sides must make concession.62. If you run after two hares, you will catch .3. You can write on side.4. He wants to invite of his friends to his birthday party. 5. There are many doors. A golden key can open door. 6. of us could live without air. 7.There
18、are tress on sides.8. Mr. and Mrs. Li are teachers.9.You can sit at end of the boat if you can keep still.10.The research group produced two reports bases on the survey, but contained any useful suggestions.11.Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they h
19、ave a lot of work to do.12. All the boy are clever, but of them can work out the problem.13.I have my jackets, you can take . 14. _ of the twins are in our class.15. We couldnt buy anything because _ of the shops opened at that time.16. We were all very tired, but _ of us would like to have a rest.归
20、纳总结：都 都不 任一两者 _ _ _多者 _ _ _部分否定：All both everyone everybody everything 以及 every+名词都表示全部肯定； No one, none, nobody, nothing 以及 no +名词表示全部否定 当 not 出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中，不管 not 位置在哪里都表示部分否定 Not all of them smoke.They are not both teachers.All the boys dont like English.7Such a thing cant be found everywhe
21、re. 3、no one，nobody，none，nothing ：no one，nobody 表没有人， nothing 指没有什么事物， none 兼指人和物。None 着眼于数量概念。”特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有” 。How many people are there in the hall? / Is there any water in it?NoneWho wants to go with him? No one(Nobody)What can you see in the bottle?Nothing4、another，the other，the others，othe
22、r , othersanother 表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一；与数词连用，表” 再有”, another+基数词+名词（s ）=基数词+ 名词（ s）+more；the other 表两者中的另外那个，特指； the other+复数名词(或 the others)，另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，用于特指；others (或 other+复数名词)另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指。I dont like this，show me another oneThere is another way of dealing with the problem. Where shall we be
23、 in another ten years？If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay_$15A. another Bother Cmore DEach *I will stay here for another three days.3 more days.3 other days.I have two books. One is about English, the other is about French.He has two sons, one is a doctor, the other is a farmer
24、.8There are many books on the table. Some are English, the others are French.His ideas were often different from others.Some praise him, while others condemn him. 搭配： 1.oneanother To learn is one thing, to teach is another.To say is one thing, to do is another.2.some.others.有些有些 ； Some like tea, oth
25、ers like milk.Some say yes, while others say no.3.one.the other.一个(特指两者中的)另一个I have two books, one is English, the other is French.4.On the one hand, on the other hand, 一方面，另一方面 On the one hand, I am your teacher, on the other hand, I am you friend.练习：1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _
26、is a teacher.2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _ like ball games.3. We were all very tired, but _ of us would like to have a rest.4. _ of the twins are in our class.5. Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt _.6. We couldnt buy anything becau
27、se _ of the shops opened at that time.5、every, eachEach 指两者或以上的每一个，可作主语、定语或同位语，可跟 of，every 指三者及以上的每一个，只可作定语，且后只能接可数名词单数Each of us has an English book. Each student has an English book.We each have an English book. Every student has an English book.6、few, a few, little, a little, many, much9I have ma
28、ny books/much money. There are few/a few apples on the desk. There is little/a little water in the bottle.练习：1. (很多) people dont have (很多)food.2. (很多) mistakes are caused by carelessness.3. (很少) people can live to be 100 years old.4. You have done very (很少) for me.5.There is time left, Hurry up. 6.T
29、here is time left. Please dont hurry. 7. Come in and have (一点)whisky.8.She has written many books but I have only read (少数).7、anyone=anybody, any one everyone=everybody, every one someone=somebody, some one合写一般指人，分写则人、物均可表示，另外合写后不接 of, 分写则可接 of。We everyone should study hard. Every one of us should s
30、tudy hard.【注意】anyone, anybody 表示任何人，anything 表示任何事或物，强调个体；everyone 表示每个人，everything 表示每件事或物，强调全部。8. It 用法1. It is so noisy here.这儿吵死了。2. What time is it by your cell phone？ 3. It seldom snows in Guangzhou. 4. Its about one kilometer from here to the park. 5. This is my new pen. I bought it yesterday
31、. 6. Whose exercise-book is that？ Its hers. 107. What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy？ 8. Who is the man over there？ It must be Jay. 9. Its no use talking to him. 10. It is important that we learn English well. 11. I think it hard to win the game. 12. It is you that she loves, not me.13. I would appre
32、ciate it if you accept my invitation. 14. I hate it when you talk with me with your finger pointing me.15.It is high time that the baby went to bed.1. 基本用法1. 指环境情况、时间、天气、距离。(如 14)2. 代替前文提到过的事物、前文的指示代词(that， this)。(如 56)3. 指动物、性别不详的婴儿、猜测不确定的人。(如 7，8)4. 用于表示感情的词的后边，如 like love hate, appreciate（如 13.14
33、）4. 作形式主语(如 9，10) it is +形容词+to doit is+名词+thatit is+形容词+thatit is+过去分词+thatit +不及物动词+that5.形式宾语(如 11) 复合宾语中含有不定式，从句或者短语时候，用 it 做形式宾语5. 构成强调结构。it is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他(如 12) 6. It is time (for sb.) to do sth. 区分：It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)练习：1.I find hard to get along with him.2. I make a rule to look after the old.3. I have make clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here .4. I hate when he calls me at work.
