1、翻译习题集.Fill in the blanks with proper terms in translation theories.1. Chinese is_ language with the typical feature of non-inflection change.2. Chinese belongs to the _ family while English belongs to the _ family.3. The indicative character uses _ to indicate the word meaning.4. No matter how compl
2、icated the English sentence pattern is, it derives from the _ _ _ .5. Morris argued that each sign is made up of three components _ _ _ .6. According to sociosemiotic approach to translation, _ and _ should be regarded as two indispensable aspects for making translation criteria.7. Chinese language
3、belongs to _ writing system, while English language belongs to _ writing system.8. Peter Newmark proposed that language possesses six functions, including _, _, _, _, phatic function and metalingual function.9. Syntactical features of both Chinese and English are greatly affected by grammar. While C
4、hinese grammar is characterized by _, English grammar has the typical feature of _.10. According to sociosemiotic approach to translation, translating process is actually a process of _ and _.11. A Comparison of the vocabularies in Chinese and English usually presents four types of relationships: _,
5、 _, _ and _.12. According to Saussure, a verbal sign consists of _ and _ .13. Translation is a kind of _ _ _ communicative activity.14. The discourse cohesion can be classified into _ and _. The aim of using cohesion devices is to achieve the _ of the discourse.15. According to sociosemotics, meanin
6、g is a kind of _.16. Verbal sign has three kinds of meaning, namely _ _ and _.17. Context is the environment in which the text keeps alive. There are _ context and _ context.18. English and Chinese are different in terms of theme/rheme structure. Chinese is _ language while English is _ language.19.
7、 Grices principle of _ and Leechs principle of _ is the pragmatic principle promoting successful _ _.20. Chinese word meaning is generally _ while English words are more _.21. In terms of nature, Chinese culture is _ culture and western culture is _ culture.22. Both Chinese and English use sound cha
8、nging, _ _, abbreviation, _ and _ to produce new words.23. Tytlers translation principle says that a translation should give a complete transcript of the _of the original work; the _ and _ of writing should be of the same character as that of the original; a translation should have all the_ of the o
9、riginal.24. In terms of function, the English sentence can be classified into four types: _ sentence, _ sentence, _ sentence and exclamatory sentence.II. Complete the following sentences with the help of the underlined parts in their corresponding Chinese originals.1. 他的快乐从睡梦里冒出来，使他醒了四五次。His joy _ a
10、nd woke him four or five times.2. 我们的船向前走，两岸的青山在黄昏中，都成了深黛颜色，连着退向船后梢去。As we set off, the green mountains on the two banks became _ in the dusk, receding toward the stern of the boat.3. 我到了自家的门外，我的母亲早已迎着出来了，接着便飞出了八岁的侄儿宏儿。By the time I reach the house my mother _, and my eight-year-old nephew, Honger,
11、rushed out after her.4.不怕官，只怕管。Fear no officials-_.5.曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。All over this winding stretch of water, what meets the eye is _.6. 我只会马走日，象走田。I only know _.7. 像橄榄又像鸽蛋似的枣子颗儿，在小椭园形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期。When the dates grow to the size of olives or pigeons eggs, a _ set admist small fine
12、oval leaves, then autumn will be in all its glory.8. 公费吃喝是群众反映强烈的不正之风之一。_, have long been a bane of Chinese society.9. 海面劈面立起一片从来没有见过的山峦，黑苍苍的，象水墨画一样。A strange mountain range rose straight up in front of us on the ocean, _.10. 李教授代替生病住院的教师上课。Professor Li _for the teacher who is ill in hospital.11. 不同
13、国家的社会习俗往往大相径庭。Social customs usually _from of country to country.12. 天气真冷，我的手指都失去了知觉。It _that my fingers went numb.13. 这台机器坏了，必须请一位技术人员马上修好。The machine_, so one of the technicians_ to repair it at once.14. 现代男性服装近来趋向于更加简单扼要款式。Recently there _a trend towards simpler fashions in modem mens clothes.15.
14、 那里有许多金属粒，要在那里着陆飞碟不可能不会被某一颗金属粒撞碎。There are so many metal particles there that _to land a flying saucer without _ by noe.16. 国务院责成各企业对基本建设物资不得抬高价格。The State Council instructed enterprises _ prices on materials for capital construction.17. 他宁愿不让我们知道他的推销计划和销货配额。He preferred to_ us in_ about his sales p
15、rograms and sales quota.18. 你方的报盘不符合我方的需要。Your offer _with our requirements.19. 让史密斯先生不要卖掉石油股票。Ask Mr. Smith to _on to his oil shares.20. 他犹豫着没有提出关于销售合同的新见解。He hung back forward _new ideas on sales contract.21. 没有哪个国家不进行贸易就能够生产所需要的必需品的。_ country can produce all its necessities _ trading.22. 他们总是一见面就
16、吵架。They _meet _quarrelling.23. 对于比细菌小得多的病毒，人们了解得并不多。_is known about viruses ,which are much smaller organisms than bacteria.24. 我们的人民解放军无愧于伟大的人民军队和称号。Our PLA _being called a great army the people.25. 我们一定要努力工作，不辜负全国人民和全世界人民的对我们的期望。We must work hard in order to _ the expectations of our own people an
17、d the people throughout the world.26. 商检局的调查表明，货物损坏是因包装不良所致。The investigation made by the Commodity Inspection Bureau has revealed that the damage of goods _to improper backing.27. 这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。The book _for general readers, not for specialists.28. 管弦乐队演奏的梁祝真是美极了。The orchestra played _ The Bu
18、tterfly Loves.29. 任何情况下，校园里是绝对不能吸烟的。Under no circumstances smoking _on campus.30. 这个钱包是两年前买的，它的式样现在已经过时了。This wallet, which I _two years ago, is out of style now.31. 水是由氢原子和氧原子构成的。Water _hydrogen and oxygen.32. 扩大贸易额，进行多种形式的合作是符合中美两国利益的。_of both China and the US A to increase the trade volume and di
19、versify forms of cooperation.33. 加速高品流通是搞活国内经济的关键。To quicken the flow of commodities _to invigorating the internal economy.34. 无条件最惠国待遇的原则是中国寻求重新加入关贸总协定的主要考虑之一。Unconditional most-favored-nation treatment _the major considerations that China has in seeking to reenter GATT.35. 遗憾的是，签订新的合同需要一些附加费用，因为贵方
20、建筑工程的单位造价最近见涨。_ a new contract will involve extra expenses, since the rates of the execution of civil works in your company have gone up lately.III. Translating the following sentences from Chinese into English.1.为什么会出现这样喜人的局面？重要的原因是改革开放顺应民心， 得到人民的支持。2 他喜欢在每一句随便说的话中寻找弦外之音。 3 奥林匹克圣火象征奥林匹克运动会自古自今的连续性。
21、 4 今天， 科学技术对人类社会影响的广度和深度大大超出了以往， 科技兴国的思想逐步深入人心。 5 他们之所以先知先觉， 是因为他们知识渊博， 同时还认识到自己的不足。 6 赶超世界先进水平，关键是时间。时间就是生命，时间就职速度，时间就是力量。趁你们年富力强的时候，为人民做出更多的贡献吧。7长江的后浪推着浪，世上新人换旧人。8凡人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。9虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。10不懂就是不懂，不要装懂。不要摆官僚架子。钻进去，几个月，一年两年，三年五年，总可以学会的。11讲到长征，请问有什么意义呢？我们说，长征是历史名记录上的第一次， 长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征是播种机。12希
22、望是依附于存在，有存在，便有希望，有希望便有光明。13因此可以说，政治是不流血战争，战争是流血的政治。14我要赞美我祖国的花！我要赞美我如花的祖国！15她一手提着竹篮，内有一个破碗，空的。16. 真是太荒唐了。17热得我满头大汗。18又盖了许多楼堂馆所。19你竟然喜欢他，真是有趣。20完成这项工作我们花了五年的时间。21大家指望那位老教授会来参加我们的晚会。22就只剩下二十八美元了。23我一见到那个孤儿，总会想起他的父母。24四月一日，会议召开了。25. 新的一年才过了一个月，经济改革又出现了新的高潮。26东湖里的鱼很多27魏华要我陪她一起到书店里去。28她公然反以她父母想她嫁给那个男人的意愿
23、。29我岁数大了，他们不让我继续干活。30对这种病例，我过去从未有过这种看法。31你看什么时候可以给婴儿的咽喉动手术呢？32我们给你送了一部他最近访问中国的彩色纪录片。33我们应该尽我们最大的努力防止这类事故再次发生。34禁止旅客在公共汽车上吸烟。35我给你写了一封信，建议也把文章寄给人民日报社。36 第二次世界大战是一九四五年八月十五日结束的。37 有关这个题目现有的有文章，她用一个单子列出来。38 听了她的讲述，所在场的都很受感动。39 真奇怪，天仙般的女人竟然嫁给了一个恶魔般的男人。40 我们面临的这场严重危机很快就会过去的。41 这一偶然发现的物质使医学发生了革命性的变化。42 他刚被
24、采纳两项合理建议成了报纸版头条新闻，在全国引起了巨大反响。43 作家如果具有强烈的正义感和丰富的同情心，能勇敢地笑，大胆地恨，写出来的作品必定是活的，是永生的。44 他们之所以先知先觉，是因为他们知识渊博，同地还认识到自己的不足。45、 我禁不住流下了热泪。幸亏月光下的夜色，没让人看到我的脆弱46、 在图书馆里，读者不但可以读到通期刊，而且可以读到一些内部期刊。47、 一经发出所需的许可证，合资企业就可以立即开始营。48、 尽管按严格法律原则，越权行为可能是无效的，但公司和参与各方仍可能受其约束。49、 做生意而不进行市场销售调研就等于经济自杀。50、 这两个国家不是用战争，而是以和平友好的方
25、式解决了争端。51、 他既不会说汉语，也不会说英语。52、 他一到长沙，就参观了岳麓书院。53、 你书读得越多，就会越有学问。54、 要是没有你的帮助，我们就不能按时完成任务。55、 不论你走到哪儿，你都可以找到朋友。56我错把她当作她的孪生妹妹了。57他动身去美国前，给美国的一位朋友拍了封电报，把自己的到达时间告诉了她。58大风把那此树都吹倒了。59房地产商人把沿海滩的空地全部抢购一空。60王奶奶那时总喜欢叫人把新出版的小说读给她听。61她把她的书都借给了她的同学。62今天是什么风把你吹来的？63咱们把计划再检查一遍好吗？64她总是把我们看作自家人。65这兄弟俩看起来很像，你可别把他俩搞错了
26、。IV. Translating the following passage into English.1. 科学就是探求真理。在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同” 的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当作最珍贵的友谊。正如歌德所说， “我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。 ”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，
27、对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。2. 来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余 5 位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作 7 天，早 10时至晚 12 时，工作时间必须全力以赴。 ”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的 3 年半中，共有 14 位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下 5 人
28、。1990 年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。3. 加入 WTO 和全面参与多边贸易体制是中国领导人在经济全球化进程加快的形势下做出的战略决策。中国为加入 WTO 做出了长期不懈的努力，这充分表明了中国深化改革和扩大开放的决心和信心。加入 WTO 不仅有利于中国，而且有利于所有 WTO 成员、有助于多边贸易体制的发展。它必将对新世纪的中国经济和世界经济产生广泛和深远的影响。加入 WTO 以后，中国将在权利与义务平衡的基础上，在享受权利的同时，遵守 WTO 规则，履行自己的承诺。中国将一如既往地重视和加强同世界各国、各地区发展平等、互利的经贸关系；在多边
29、贸易体制中发挥积极和建设性的作用，与其他 WTO成员一道，为世界经济贸易的发展做出积极贡献。4. 中华民族不但以刻苦耐劳著称于世，同时又是酷爱自由、富于革命传统的民族。以汉族的历史为例，可以证明中国人民是不能忍受黑暗势力的统治的，他们每次都用革命的手段达到推翻和改造这种统治的目的。在汉族的数千年的历史上，有过大小几百次的农民起义，反抗地主和贵族的黑暗统治。而多数朝代的更换，都是由于农民起义的力量才能得到成功的。中华民族的各族人民都反对外来民族的压迫。他们赞成平等的联合，而不赞成互相压迫。在中华民族的几千年的历史中，产生了很多的民族英雄和革命领袖。所以，中华民族又是一个有光荣的革命传统和优秀的历
30、史遗产的民族5. 中国的事情要按照中国的情况来办，要依靠中国人自己的力量来办。独立自主，自力更生，无论过去、现在和将来，都是我们的立足点。中国人民珍惜同其他国家和人民的友谊和合作，更加珍惜自己经过长期奋斗而得来的独立自主权利。任何外国不要指望中国做他们的附庸，不要指望中国会吞下损害我国利益的苦果。我们坚定不移地实行对外开放政策，在平等互利的基础上积极扩大对外交流。同时，我们保持清醒的头脑，坚决抵制外来腐朽思想的侵蚀，决不允许资产阶级生活方式在我国泛滥。中国人民有自己的民族自尊心和自豪感，以热爱祖国、贡献全部力量建设社会主义祖国为最大光荣，以损害社会主义祖国利益、尊严和荣誉为最大耻辱。6. 我们
31、中国是世界上最大国家之一，它的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。在这个广大的领土之上，有广大的肥田沃地，给我们以衣食之源；有纵横全国的大小山脉，给我们生长了广大的森林， 贮藏了丰富的矿产；有很多的江河湖泽，给我们以舟挥和灌溉之利；有很长的海岸线，给我们以交通海外各民族的方便。从很早的古代起，我们中华民族的祖先就劳动、生息、繁殖在这块广大的土地 之上。翻 译 习题集答 案.1. analytic 2. Sino-Tibetan; Indo- European 3. symbol 4. basic; clause; pattern 5. sign vehicle; referent; interpr
32、etant 6. meaning; function 7. ideographic; alphabetic 8. informative function; expressive function; aesthetic function; vocative function 9.covertness;overtness 10. encoding; decoding 11. correspondence; intersection; inclusion; zero 12. signified; signifier 13. cross-language; cross-culture; cross-
33、social 14. structural cohesion; semantic cohesion; coherence 15. relationship 16. designative meaning; linguistic meaning; pragmatic meaning 17. linguistic context; non-linguistic context 18. topic-prominent; subject-prominent 19. cooperation; politeness; mono-language; communication 20. abstract; s
34、pecific 21. human; scientific 22. reduplication; conversion; affixation; compounding 23. ideas; style; manner; ease 24. declarative; interrogative; imperativeII. 1. burst from his dreams.2. deep blue.3. was already at the door to welcome me.4. except those who officiate over you.5. a silken field of
35、 leaves6. the most basic moves7. light green or yellow8. Sumptuous banquets, financed by public money9. darkly like an ink-wash painting10. is a substitute 11. are/different12. was so cold13. has broken down/must be fetched14. has been15. it is impossible/its being smashed 16. not to raise17. keepth
36、e dark18. doesnt comply19. hold20. from putting21. Nowithout22. neverwithout23. Not much24. is worthy of25. live up 26. is attributed27. is intended28. beautifully29. shouldallowed30. bought31. consisted of32. It is in the interest33. is the key34. is one of35. unfortunatelyIII.1. One important reas
37、on for this encouraging situation is the fact that the acceleration of reform and opening to the outside world conforms to the aspirations of the people, and his therefore won their support. 2. He is apt to read significance into every casual remark. 3. The holy flame of Olympics symbolizes the cont
38、inuity between the ancient and modern Games. 4. So far the influence of science and technology on people everywhere has never been greater. The idea of developing China by science and technology has been instilled in peoples minds. 5. They can be men of foresight in that they have much knowledge and
39、 recognize that they need more. 6. In catching up with and surpassing the world advanced levels, time is the key factor. Time means life, time means speed, time means strength. You are now in the prime of life, and you should come forth with greater contributions for the benefit of the people!7. Tim
40、e makes it inevitable that in every profession, young men replace the old. 8. A man cannot be known by his looks, nor can the sea be measured with a bushed basket. 9. Modesty helps one to go forward, where conceit makes one lag behind. 10. We must not pretend to know when we do not know. We must not
41、 put on bureaucratic airs. If we dig into a subject for several months, for a year or two, for three or five years, we shall eventually master it. 11. speaking of the Long March, one may ask, “What is its significance?“ we answer that the Long March is the first of its kind in the annals of history,
42、 that it is a manifesto, a propaganda force, a seeding-machine. 12. Hope is dependent on life: while there is life there is hope, and while there is hope there is brightness. 13. It can therefore be said that politics is war without bloodshed while war is politics with bloodshed. 14. I want to sing
43、the praise of my motherlands flowers! I want to sing the praises of my flower-like motherland!15. In one hand she carried a bamboo basket, in which there was a broken bowl, empty. 16. Its utterly absurd.17. Im all in a sweat with the heat. 18. Many tall buildings, big mansions, hotels and guest hous
44、es have been built recently. 19. It is interesting that you should like him. 20. It took us five years to complete the project. 21. It was expected that the old professor would come to our evening party. 22. There remained just twenty-eight dollars. 23The sight of the orphan always reminds me of his
45、 parents. 24. April I saw the opening of the meeting. 25. The new year was barely one month old when it witnessed the latest flourish of the economic reform. 26. Fish abound in the East Lake. 27. Wei Hua asked me to accompany her to the bookstore28. She defined her parents wish to marry her to that man.29. I am getting on in years and they wont allow me to continue working any more. 30. This view of the case did not occur to me before. 31. When do you think the babys throat can be operated on?32. We presented him with a color documentary fi
