1、2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)本试卷共 16 页， 共 150 分。考试时间为 120 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题 卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每 题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后， 你将有 10 秒钟 的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段 对话你将听一遍。例： What is the man going to rend?A. A newspaperB. A ma
2、gazineC. A book答案是 A1. What juice does the man order?A. Lemon B. Apple C. Orange2. What subject does the man like best?A. History. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.3. Where is the woman from?A. Britain. B. Russia. C. America.4. What kind of student bus pass does the woman want?A. Weekly. B. Monthly. C. Year
3、ly.5. What are the two speakers going to nuy for Marys birthday?A. A bicycle. B. A pen. C. A book.第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。6. Whats wrong with the woman ? A. She
4、 has a cough. B. She has a headache. C. She has a fever.7. How long is the medicine for?A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8. What does the woman need?A. Some ink. B. A printer. C. Some paper.9. What problem does the man have?A. He cant send a text message.B. He cant hear th
5、e woman clearly. C. He cant be back to the office soon.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What does the woman plan to do at first?A. To stay at home. B. InTo eat out. C. To see a film.11. When will the two speakers meet? A. At 11:oo am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.12. What is the man trying to do?A. To int
6、roduce a new pizza to the woman.B. To remind the woman to relax herself.C. To invite the woman to see a movie.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。13. When did the family visit the Design Museum? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.14. How did the family go to Hyde Park? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By tarin
7、.15. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Amazing attraction in London.B. A four-day trip to London.C. A dream about London.第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试 题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。 这段对话 你将听两遍。Ticket booking FormEvent the beast held tightly on
8、the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打)
9、with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack- The first time I felf panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm wa
10、s injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. Im proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _.A. catch shore birds B. start an attackC. protect the children D. set up a barri
11、er for itself61. The bear finally went away after it _.A. felt safe B. got injuredC. found some food D. took away the camera62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _ .A. pride B. patienceC. calmness D. cautiousnessCChoosing the Right Resolution (决定)Millions of Americans began 2014
12、 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of losing weight - the output, we need to control what we eat - the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. Th
13、is is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “Ill stop having desert for lunch,” or “Ill walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will lik
14、ely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incent
15、ives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryers conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more
16、 effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And
17、its easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success
18、easily. Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, dont stop with this general wish. Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run, these new goals
19、could become a habit.63. The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _ .A. it is hard to achieve for most AmericansB. it is focused too much on the resultC. it is dependent on too many thingsD. it is based on actionable decisions64. In Roland Fryers research, some stude
20、nts did better than the others because _ .A. they obeyed all the general rulesB. they paid more attention to examsC. they were motivated by their classmatesD. they were rewarded for reading some books65. According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?A. “Ill give up desert
21、.” B. “Ill study harder.”C. “Ill cut down my expense” D. “Ill spend more time with my family”66. The writer strongly believes that we should _ .A. develop good habits and focus on the outcomeB. be optimistic about final goals and stick to themC. pick specific actions that can be turned into good hab
22、itsD. set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang outputDMultitaskingWhat is the first thing you nitice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed (展示) at the entrance? Or the soft background music?But have you ever notice the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But
23、 while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with sightsand sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to th
24、e entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the best shopping streets in
25、Pairs, scent is just as important to a brands success as the quality of its window displays and goods on slaes. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants disproving a
26、ttitude and dont-touch-what-you-cant-afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through
27、the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut
28、(椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.67. According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some bran
29、d store?A. Friendly assistant. B. Unique scents.C. Soft background music D. attractive window display.68. E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _ .A. ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar storesB. urge shop assistants to change their attitudeC. push stores to use sights and soundsD. introduce t
30、he rise of e-commerce69. The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _ .A. a platform that exhibts goodsB. a spot where travelers like to stayC.a place where customers love to goD. a target that a store expects to meet70. The main purpose of the passage is to _ .A. compare and evaluate B.
31、 examine and assessC. argue and discuss D.inform and explain第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Evaluating Sources (来源) of health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requairs reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability
32、 is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 Go to the original so
33、urce. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determin whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 73 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is “
34、associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. Ifa report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained
35、in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independ
36、ently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A. Make choice that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original research.E. Distinguish between research report
37、s and public health advice.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） (15 分)你给英国朋友 Chris 写一封信，内容包括：1.你们原计划 7 月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原 计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到 8 月份。注意： 1.词数不少于 50.2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文 连贯。3.开头和结尾已给出，不 计入总词数。Dear Chris,_Yours,Joe(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内 )第二节（20 分）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅 图的先后顺序，用校刊 “英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建 议，解决自行 车存放问题 的过程。
