1、本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译外文题目SPIRITUALMOTIVATIONINMANAGENTAGUIDETOTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMS外文出处UNIVERSITYOFNOVISAD,2002101P7787外文作者ALPAROSONCZ原文SPIRITUALMOTIVATIONINMANAGEMENTAGUIDETOTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSALPAROSONCZAREYOUCONFUSEDABOUTTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMS,EITHERWONDERINGIFYOURORGANIZATIONSHOULDIMPLEMENTOFAND,IFSO,HOW
2、ITSHOULDBEDESIGNEDIFYOURORGANIZATIONUSESTEAMS,COMPENSATIONEXPERTSWOULDARGUETHATTOTHEEXTENTYOURORGANIZATIONDESIRESOPTIMALPERFORMANCE,SOMEFORMOFTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMISREQUIREDATEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSENDSAMESSAGETOEMPLOYEESTHATTHEIRTEAMSOUTPUTANDPERFORMANCEISVALUEDBYTHEORGANIZATIONIFTEAMPERFORMANCEISNOTREWA
3、RDED,SUCHPERFORMANCEISNOTLIKELYTOBEOPTIMALAFTERANALYZINGTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTEAMINCENTIVEPRACTICES,WEHAVECONCLUDEDTHATSEVENMAJORCATEGORIESOFTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSEXISTTHESEVENCATEGORIESARE1TEAMGAINSHARING/PROFITSHARING,2TEAMGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMS,3TEAMDISCRETIONARYBONUSSYSTEMS,4TEAMSKILLINCENTIVESY
4、STEMS,5TEAMMEMBERSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMS,6TEAMMEMBERGOALINCENTIVESYSTEMS,AND7TEAMMEMBERMERITINCENTIVESYSTEMSSYSTEMITEAMGAINSHARING/PROFITSHARINGINTHECASEOFTEAMPROFITSHARINGANDGAINSHARINGSYSTEMS,TEAMINCENTIVESARETIEDTOORGANIZATIONALOUTCOMESEG,ORGANIZATIONALPROFIT,ORGANIZATIONALPRODUCTIVITY,CUSTOMERSATI
5、SFACTION,ANDSOONSPECIFICALLY,INTEAMPROFITSHARINGSYSTEMS,THEORGANIZATIONALOUTCOMEEVALUATEDISFINANCIALINNATURETHATIS,TEAMSAREREWARDEDWHENTHEORGANIZATIONMAKESACERTAINAMOUNTOFPROFITINTHESESYSTEMS,CASHREWARDSAREGENERALLYSHAREDEQUALLYAMONGALLOFTHEVARIOUSTEAMSINANORGANIZATIONUNLIKEPROFITSHARING,GAINSHARING
6、SYSTEMSDISTRIBUTEINCENTIVESASAFUNCTIONOFNONFINANCIALORGANIZATIONALOUTCOMES,SUCHASIMPROVEMENTSINQUALITY,PRODUCTIVITY,ANDCUSTOMERSATISFACTIONATDUPONT,FOREXAMPLE,ALLTEAMSRECEIVEBONUSESWHENTHECOMPANYEXPERIENCESATLEASTA4PERCENTINCREASEINPRODUCTIVITYANDSALESOVERAFINANCIALPERIODSIXMAINVARIANTSOFGAINSHARING
7、AREFOUNDINPRACTICE,INCLUDINGSCANLONPLANS,RUCKERPLANS,IMPROSHAREPLANS,PRODUCTIVITYANDWASTEBONUSPLANS,GROUP/PLANTPLANS,ANDDARCOMPLANSTHESEPLANSDIFFERONANUMBEROFDIMENSIONS,INCLUDINGTHEFOCUSOFTHEPLANEG,IMPROVEMENTSRELATIVETOHISTORICALCOMPANYSTANDARDS,INPRODUCTIVITY,QUALITY,THERATIOOFLABORHOURSTOPRODUCTO
8、UTPUT,ANDSOONANDTHEDEGREEOFTEAMPARTICIPATIONINDEVELOPINGIMPROVEMENTSCHEMESWHENDECIDINGWHETHERTOIMPLEMENTTHESETEAMINCENTIVEPLANS,ITMUSTBEKEPTINMINDTHATASTHEBASISFORAREWARDBECOMESFURTHERREMOVEDFROMTHETEAMSIMMEDIATECONTROLEG,ORGANIZATIONALPROFIT,PROFITSHARINGANDGAINSHARINGARETHOUGHTTOBECOMELESSEFFECTIV
9、EATIMPROVINGTEAMPERFORMANCETHISHASBEENTERMEDTHE“LINEOFSIGHT”PROBLEMTEAMSFEELTHEYCANNOTAFFECTORGANIZATIONALPROFITOROTHEROUTCOMESSIGNIFICANTLYORDIRECTLY,SOTHEYDONOTTRYTOIMPROVETHEIRPERFORMANCEIFLINEOFSIGHTISACONCERN,AGROUP/PARTGAINSHARINGPLANTHATTARGETSDEPARTMENTALOBJECTIVESMAYBEMOREAPPROPRIATE,ASDEPA
10、RTMENTALOUTCOMESMAYBEEASIERFORATEAMTOPERCEIVECONTROLOVERADDITIONALLY,WHENPROFITORGAINSHARINGSYSTEMSAREINSTITUTED,ITISARGUEDTHATPAYOUTSSHOULDBEFREQUENT,SOTHATTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTEAMPERFORMANCEANDTHEREWARDISCLEARANADDITIONALCONSIDERATIONWHENIMPLEMENTINGAPROFITORGAINSHARINGSYSTEMCONCERNSTHEREWARDDIS
11、TRIBUTIONBETWEENTEAMSPROFITSHARINGANDGAINSHARINGSYSTEMSWITHEQUALPAYOUTSACROSSTEAMSARETHOUGHTTOWORKWELLINHIGHLYINTERDEPENDENTORGANIZATIONS,WHEREINTERTEAMCOOPERATIONISIMPORTANTFIELDRESEARCHHASFOUNDSUCHSYSTEMSINSTITUTEPERCEPTIONSTHATDIFFERENTTEAMSSHARECOMMONGOALS,THUSIMPROVINGCOOPERATIONAMONGTEAMSHOWEV
12、ER,WHENTEAMINTERDEPENDENCEISNOTAFACTORINORGANIZATIONALSUCCESS,GAINSHARINGORPROFITSHARINGSYSTEMSWITHEQUALREWARDDISTRIBUTIONAMONGTEAMSMAYBELESSAPPROPRIATEINSUCHCASES,MORECOMPETITIVESTRUCTURESIETHESIZEOFAREWARDISDEPENDENTUPONTEAMPERFORMANCEMAYACTUALLYIMPROVETEAMPRODUCTIVITYHOWEVER,WHENINTRODUCINGCOMPET
13、ITIVETEAMGAINSHARINGORPROFITSHARINGSTRUCTURES,ITISIMPORTANTTHATTEAMSPERCEIVESUCHSTRUCTURESTOBEEQUITABLEIEAPERCEPTIONEXISTSTHATEACHTEAMCOULDATTAINTHESAMEREWARDSIFTHEYPUTINTHESAMEAMOUNTOFEFFORTOTHERWISE,FEELINGSOFUNFAIRNESSWILLRESULTTHENEXTISSUETHEORGANIZATIONMUSTMUSTCONSIDERCONCERNSHOWTODISTRIBUTEINC
14、ENTIVESAMONGTEAMMEMBERSWHOSETEAMSQUALIFYFORCASHREWARDSIFTEAMMEMBERSPERFORMSIMILARFUNCTIONS,ORIFTHEIRTASKSAREHIGHLYINTERDEPENDENT,EQUALITYOFREWARDDISTRIBUTIONHASBEENARGUEDTOBEMOSTLIKELYTOENSUREOPTIMALTEAMPERFORMANCEASTHENEEDFORCOOPERATIONAMONGTEAMMEMBERSINCREASESEG,ENCOURAGINGONEANOTHER,POOLINGINFORM
15、ATIONANDIDEAS,ETC,THENEEDFOREQUALITYOFREWARDSALSOINCREASES,ALTHOUGHSOMERECENTLABORATORYWORKSUGGESTSTHATTHEBENEFICIALEFFECTOFSUCHTEAMREWARDSONPERFORMANCEDOESNOTCOMEFROMANINCREASEINCOOPERATIVEBEHAVIORORGANIZATIONSMAYBECONCERNED,HOWEVER,THATDISTRIBUTINGREWARDSEQUALLYAMONGTEAMMEMBERSWILLENCOURAGESLACKIN
16、GRESEARCHEVIDENCEDOESNOTSUPPORTTHISCONTENTIONIF,HOWEVER,TEAMMEMBERINTERDEPENDENCEISNOTESSENTIALFORSUCCESS,ORIFSOMEMEMBERSOFTHETEAMCLEARLYMAKEMOREIMPORTANTCONTRIBUTIONSTHANOTHERS,THETEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMREWARDDISTRIBUTIONSHOULDREFLECTTHISBYBEINGEQUITABLEIE,AREWARDDISTRIBUTIONBASEDUPONRELATIVECONTRIBUTI
17、ONMAYBEMOSTEFFECTIVEINDEED,EQUALITYOFREWARDDISTRIBUTIONINEXPERIMENTALRESEARCHHASBEENFOUNDTONEGLIGIBLYORNEGATIVELYIMPACTGROUPPERFORMANCEWHENTEAMMEMBERTASKSWERENOTHIGHLYINTERDEPENDENT,WHILEEQUITABLEREWARDSRESULTEDINHIGHERPERFORMANCELEVELSWHENINSTITUTINGADIFFERENTIALREWARDDISTRIBUTIONSYSTEM,HOWEVER,THE
18、ORGANIZATIONMUSTENSURETHATITISPOSSIBLETOEFFECTIVELYMEASURETHERELATIVECONTRIBUTIONSOFTEAMMEMBERSTOTEAMOUTCOMESSYSTEMIITEAMGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMSATLOTUSDEVELOPMENTCORP,SALESTEAMSEARNONETIMEMONETARYBONUSESWHENTHETEAMMEETSOREXCEEDSSALESGOALSATSATURN,A“RISKANDREWARD”PROGRAMEXISTSFORSELFMANAGEDWORKTEAM
19、STEAMSAREEVALUATEDQUARTERLY,ANDWHENATEAMMEETSOREXCEEDSITSPRODUCTIVITYAND/ORQUALITYGOALS,TEAMMEMBERSEARNVARIABLEPAY,WHICHGENERALLYAMOUNTSTO10OFTHEIRSALARYTHETEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSATLOTUSANDSATURNAREEXAMPLESOFTEAMGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMSINTHISTYPEOFSYSTEM,THEORGANIZATIONOFTENINCONJUNCTIONWITHTHETEAMFOR
20、MULATES“GOALS”OR“TARGETS”FOREACHTEAMTHATAREBELIEVEDTOREFLECTEFFECTIVEPERFORMANCEOUTCOMESEG,PREDETERMINEDPRODUCTIONOBJECTIVES,CUSTOMERSERVICEGOALS,ETCSUCHGOALSMAYBEVERYSHORTORLONGTERMOBJECTIVESWHENTHETEAMSPERFORMANCEMEETSTHETARGETINQUESTION,ITSMEMBERSEARNAPREDETERMINEDMONETARYORNONMONETARYREWARDJOHNS
21、ON,1996MCNALLY,1992INTHECASEOFMONETARYINCENTIVES,REWARDSCANTAKETHEFORMOFBONUSESORVARIABLEPAYINTHEFORMER,ONETIMECASHREWARDSAREPROVIDEDINTHELATTER,TEAMMEMBERSBASEPAYMAYBEDECREASEDBYFIVETOTENPERCENT,WITHTHELOSTSALARYBECOMINGVARIABLEPAYIFTHETEAMMEETSITSTARGETS,TEAMMEMBERSEARNTHEIRVARIABLEPAYBACKIFTHETEA
22、MEXCEEDSITSTARGETS,VARIABLEPAYCANDOUBLEORTRIPLEALTHOUGHVARIABLEPAYPERCENTAGESARETHESAMEFORALLTEAMMEMBERS,THISDOESNOTENSURETHATEACHMEMBERRECEIVESTHESAMEAMOUNTOFVARIABLEPAYTHATIS,SOMETEAMMEMBERSMAYHAVEHIGHERBASESALARIES,THUSEARNINGMOREREWARDSIMILARLY,INTHECASEOFTEAMBONUSES,TEAMMEMBERSDONOTNECESSARILYR
23、ECEIVEEQUALREWARDSIFANUNEQUALBONUSDISTRIBUTIONISUSED,ITMAYBEBASEDUPONEACHMEMBERSRELATIVECONTRIBUTIONTOTHETEAMOUTCOMEALTERNATIVELY,REWARDSMAYBEALLOCATEDPROPORTIONALTOEACHTEAMMEMBERSSALARYWINSHARINGISONEINTERESTINGMONETARYREWARDSYSTEMWHICHISACOMBINATIONOFGOALBASEDANDPROFITSHARINGTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSIN
24、SUCHSYSTEMS,TEAMSQUALIFYFORPROFITSHARINGPAYOUTSBASEDONTHEIRPERFORMANCERELATIVETOTHEIRPREDETERMINEDGOALSFINALLY,WITHREGARDTONONMONETARYREWARDSRECEIVEDFORMEETINGGOALS,INNUMERABLEEXAMPLESEXIST,INCLUDINGTIMEOFFWORK,ACHIEVEMENTAWARDS,SPECIALDINNERSNONMONETARYREWARDS,ONTHEOTHERHAND,TENDTOBESHAREDEQUALLYAM
25、ONGTHEGROUPIE,GENERALLYNOMEMBERRECEIVESMOREOFANONMONETARYREWARDTHANANOTHERMEMBERTEAMGOALBASEDSYSTEMEFFECTIVENESSISTHOUGHTTOBEDEPENDENTUPONTHETYPEOFTEAMTHESYSTEMTARGETSTHATIS,THISSYSTEMISTHOUGHTTOBEMOSTAPPROPRIATEFORFULLTIMETEAMS,ASTHESETEAMSARETHOUGHTTOBENEFITMOSTFROMCLEAR,PREDETERMINEDPERFORMANCETA
26、RGETS,PARTICULARLYBECAUSETHEACTIVITIESOFFULLTIMETEAMSSHOULDBECLEARLYSPECIFIEDINADVANCEONEEXCEPTIONOCCURSWHENSUCHTEAMSFACEAMBIGUOUSTASKSINWHICHPREDETERMINEDGOALSCANQUICKLYBECOMEOBSOLETEADDITIONALLY,THESESYSTEMSMAYBELESSAPPROPRIATEFORPARTTIMETEAMSWHENMORETIMEISSPENTONINDIVIDUALTASKS,ASOPPOSEDTOTEAMTAS
27、KS,ASSUCHSYSTEMSMAYSENDTHEMESSAGETHATTHETEAMSWORKISHIGHLYVALUEDANDSHOULDBEEMPHASIZEDOVERTEAMMEMBERSINDIVIDUALTASKSFINALLY,WHENDISTRIBUTINGREWARDSAMONGTEAMMEMBERS,THESAMECONSIDERATIONSPRESENTEDINTHEPREVIOUSSECTIONAPPLYTOTHESESYSTEMSASWELLEGASTHEINTERDEPENDENCEOFTEAMMEMBERSTASKSINCREASES,EQUALREWARDDI
28、STRIBUTIONSARERECOMMENDED,WHILEEQUITABLEREWARDDISTRIBUTIONSAREMOSTHELPFULASTEAMMEMBERTASKSBECOMEMOREINDEPENDENTSYSTEMIIITEAMDISCRETIONARYBONUSSYSTEMSATAMAJORRETAILCLOTHINGCOMPANY,TEAMSAREPROVIDEDWITHONETIMECASHAWARDSWHENMANAGEMENTBELIEVESTHETEAMHASDONEANEXCEPTIONALJOBINDEVELOPINGPRODUCTSORMARKETINGS
29、TRATEGIES,AMONGOTHERTYPESOFPERFORMANCETHISISANEXAMPLEOFADISCRETIONARYTEAMBONUSSYSTEMALSOKNOWNAS“SPOTREWARDSYSTEMS,”THESETEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMS,LIKEGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMS,EVALUATETEAMOUTCOMESIE,CUSTOMERSATISFACTIONWHENDETERMININGWHETHERASPECIFICTEAMSHOULDBEPROVIDEDWITHINCENTIVESUNLIKEGOALBASEDSYSTEM
30、S,HOWEVER,THETEAMISNOTPROVIDEDWITHAPREDETERMINEDPERFORMANCESTANDARDWHICHWILLGUARANTEETHERECEIPTOFASPECIFICPREDETERMINEDREWARDINSTEAD,WHENTHEORGANIZATIONFEELSATEAMHASDONEANOUTSTANDINGJOB,THETEAMISPROVIDEDWITHAMONETARYORNONMONETARYREWARDLIKETEAMGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMS,ITMAYBETHECASETHATDISCRETIONARY
31、TEAMBONUSSYSTEMSAREBESTFORFULLTIMETEAMS,ESPECIALLYWHENAHIGHDEGREEOFCOOPERATIONISNOTREQUIREDBETWEENTEAMSINANORGANIZATIONHOWEVER,WHENINTERTEAMCOOPERATIONISNECESSARY,SUCHINCENTIVESMAYCREATECONFLICTANDRESENTMENT,DECREASINGATEAMSMOTIVATIONTOPERFORMWELLSPECIFICALLY,WHENTEAMSMUSTCOOPERATE,YETONLYCERTAINTEA
32、MSRECEIVEREWARDS,THOSETEAMSWHICHDONOTRECEIVESUCHREWARDSMAYBECOMELESSCOOPERATIVEINTHEFUTUREINTHECASEOFPARTTIMETEAMS,ITISIMPORTANTTHATATEAMREWARDSYSTEMNOTBESOENTICINGTHATITLEADSTEAMDUTIESTOCONFLICTWITHTHETEAMMEMBERSPRIMARYRESPONSIBILITY,NAMELYTHEIRINDIVIDUALJOBTHEREFORE,NOMONETARYREWARDSSHOULDBEOFFERE
33、DTOPARTTIMETEAMSUNDERTHISSYSTEMFINALLY,WHENDECIDINGWHETHERTODISTRIBUTEREWARDSEQUALLYOREQUITABLYAMONGTEAMMEMBERS,ONEMUSTKEEPINMINDTHESAMEGUIDELINESDESCRIBEDEARLIER,NAMELYTHEDEGREEOFCOOPERATIONREQUIREDAMONGTEAMMEMBERSSYSTEMSIVANDVTEAMANDTEAMMEMBERSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMSATTHEALLIANTHEALTHSYSTEM,TEAMSARER
34、EWARDEDWHENTHEYDEMONSTRATETHEACQUISITIONOFCERTAINSKILLSFOREXAMPLE,WHENSUPERVISORYSTAFFANDTEAMMEMBERSAGREETHATTHETEAMHASDEVELOPEDCOOPERATIONSKILLS,MONETARYBONUSESAREPROVIDEDTOTEAMMEMBERSONTHEOTHERHAND,WHENTHEEMPLOYEESOFTHEAIDASSOCIATIONFORLUTHERANSAALWEREGROUPEDINTOANUMBEROFCROSSFUNCTIONALTEAMS,AALIM
35、PLEMENTEDATEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMINWHICHTEAMMEMBERSWEREABLETOINCREASETHEIRSALARIESBYDEMONSTRATINGTHEMASTERYOFNEWSKILLSEG,INDIVIDUALINITIATIVEANDCOOPERATIONWITHOTHERTEAMMEMBERSWHICHALLOWTHEMTOPERFORMWELLINTHETEAMTHEMASTERYOFSKILLSWASEVALUATEDVIAREGULARPERFORMANCEAPPRAISALSPERFORMEDBYMANAGERIALSTAFFTHEFOR
36、MERISANEXAMPLEOFATEAMSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEM,THELATTERANEXAMPLEOFATEAMMEMBERSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMTEAMSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMSDIFFERFROMTHEINCENTIVESYSTEMSDISCUSSEDTHUSFARINTHATTEAMSKILLS,NOTTEAMOUTCOMES,AREEVALUATEDWHENDETERMININGIFAREWARDSHOULDBEDISTRIBUTEDTHATIS,WHENATEAMISDEEMEDTOHAVEACQUIREDORIMPROVEDU
37、PONVALUEDSKILLSGENERALLYASDETERMINEDBYSUPERVISORS,THETEAMISREWARDED,REGARDLESSOFTHETEAMSOUTCOMESSUCHSYSTEMSAREBASEDUPONTHEIDEATHAT,IFCIRCUMSTANCESAREFAVORABLE,ATEAMEXHIBITINGTHEPROPERPROCESSES,SUCHASCOLLABORATIONANDINTERPERSONALUNDERSTANDING,WILLACHIEVEDESIREDOUTCOMESINCENTIVESINTEAMSKILLSYSTEMSCANB
38、EMONETARYORNONMONETARYTEAMMEMBERSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMSARESIMILARTOTHEIRTEAMSKILLINCENTIVECOUNTERPARTHOWEVER,THETEAMMEMBERSSKILLSANDCOMPETENCIES,ANDNOTTHETEAMS,ARETHEFOCUSOFEVALUATIONTHATIS,TEAMMEMBERSAREREWARDEDFORACQUIRINGTEAMRELATEDSKILLS,ASINDICATEDBYEVALUATIONSPROVIDEDBYOTHERTEAMMEMBERSSOMEEXAMPL
39、ESOFSUCHSKILLSAREADAPTABILITYIE,LEARNINGTHETASKSOFOTHERTEAMMEMBERS,ORALCOMMUNICATION,PERSONALGROWTH,PROBLEMSOLVING,COMMITMENT,INITIATIONOFIDEAS,ANDLEADERSHIPSUCHSYSTEMSAREEFFECTIVEINIMPROVINGTEAMPERFORMANCE,ASTHEYTARGETTHEWAYSINWHICHINDIVIDUALTEAMMEMBERSCONTRIBUTETOEFFECTIVEORINEFFECTIVETEAMPROCESSE
40、SACOMMONMONETARYREWARDINTHISSYSTEMISASFOLLOWSTEAMMEMBERSAREPAID50OFTHEIRBASESALARYUNTILTHEYAREDEEMEDTOHAVELEARNEDTHESKILLSNECESSARYTOBEANEFFECTIVETEAMMEMBERWHENCOMPETENCYISDEMONSTRATED,BASEPAYINCREASESALTERNATIVELY,DEMONSTRATEDSKILLSANDCOMPETENCIESMAYBEREWARDEDWITHONETIMEMONETARYORNONMONETARYREWARDS
41、THESKILLDEVELOPMENTENCOURAGEDBYTEAMANDTEAMMEMBERSKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMSCANTAKEANENORMOUSAMOUNTOFEFFORTANDTIMETHUS,ITHASBEENARGUEDTHATENCOURAGINGSKILLIMPROVEMENTISREALLYONLYAPPROPRIATEWHENTEAMMEMBERSWILLBESPENDINGSUBSTANTIALAMOUNTSOFTIMEWITHINTEAMSINHIGHLYINTERDEPENDENTTEAMS,SUCHSYSTEMSENCOURAGEMEMBERS
42、TOLEARNEACHOTHERSTASKS,THUSFACILITATINGHIGHPERFORMANCESKILLINCENTIVESYSTEMS,THEREFORE,AREMOSTUSEFULFORFULLTIME,PERMANENTTEAMSWHENTEAMMEMBERSSPENDLITTLETIMEINTEAMROLES,FOCUSINGUPONSKILLDEVELOPMENTISLIKELYTOBEUNNECESSARYANDUNDESIRABLETHATIS,ENCOURAGINGEMPLOYEESTODEVELOPTEAMSKILLSWHICHTHEYWILLRARELYUSE
43、ISLIKELYTOBEAWASTEOFRESOURCESADDITIONALLY,PLACINGAFOCUSONTEAMSKILLDEVELOPMENTWILLTAKEATLEASTPARTOFTHETEAMMEMBERSFOCUSFROMOTHERASPECTSOFTHEIRJOB,SUCHASACHIEVINGNONTEAMRELATEDSKILLSSYSTEMSVIANDVIITEAMMEMBERGOALBASEDANDMERITINCENTIVESYSTEMSTHEFINALTEAMINCENTIVESYSTEMSEVALUATETHECONTRIBUTIONSANDOUTCOMES
44、OFTEAMMEMBERSWHENDISTRIBUTINGREWARDSFIRST,TEAMMEMBERGOALBASEDSYSTEMSWILLBEDESCRIBEDATEAMMEMBERGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMISFOUNDATDIAL,THESOAPMANUFACTURERAPROTOTYPETEAMATDIALISCOMPOSEDOFMARKETING,FINANCIALANDCUSTOMERSERVICESPECIALISTS,ANDTEAMMEMBERSAREREWARDEDWHENTHEYACHIEVEINDIVIDUALGOALSEG,SALESORCUS
45、TOMERSERVICEOBJECTIVESWHICHFURTHERTHETEAMSOVERALLPERFORMANCETEAMMEMBERGOALPROGRESSISEVALUATEDTWICEAYEARVIAPERFORMANCEAPPRAISAL,ANDGOALSARESETINCONJUNCTIONWITHTEAMMEMBERSANDSUPERVISORSINCENTIVESINTEAMMEMBERGOALBASEDINCENTIVESYSTEMSMAYBEMONETARYORNONMONETARYINTHECASEOFMONETARYREWARDS,VARIABLEPAYANDBON
46、USESAREMOSTCOMMONINTHECASEOFNONMONETARYINCENTIVES,ACHIEVEMENTAWARDSAREMOSTCOMMONATTRIGON,INC,ATEAMMEMBERMERITSYSTEMEXISTS,WHEREHIGHPERFORMINGTEAMMEMBERSEARNSPECIALRECOGNITIONDINNERSWHENTHEYCONTRIBUTEINANEXEMPLARYMANNERTOATEAMTEAMMEMBERMERITSYSTEMSAREALSOFOUNDATBOEINGSCORINTHPLANTUNLIKETEAMMEMBERGOAL
47、BASEDSYSTEMS,NODEFINITIVELEVELOFPERFORMANCEEXISTSWHICHENSURESTHATATEAMMEMBERWILLRECEIVEANINCENTIVEINSTEAD,INTEAMMEMBERMERITINCENTIVESYSTEMS,WHENATEAMMEMBERISDEEMEDBYPEERORSUPERVISOREVALUATIONTOHAVEMADEANOUTSTANDINGCONTRIBUTIONTOHISORHERTEAMSPERFORMANCE,THETEAMMEMBERISRECOGNIZEDWITHMONETARYORNONMONET
48、ARYREWARDSTHESEREWARDSCANTAKETHEFORMOFSALARYINCREASES,BONUSES,ANDNONMONETARYREWARDSBOTHTEAMMEMBERGOALBASEDANDMERITINCENTIVESYSTEMSARETHOUGHTTOBEEFFECTIVEFORBOTHFULLTIMEANDPARTTIMETEAMSGROSS,1995WITHREGARDTOPARTTIMETEAMS,SUCHASYSTEMALLOWSTHEORGANIZATIONTOREINFORCEITSEMPHASISONTEAMMEMBERPERFORMANCEWIT
49、HREGARDTOFULLTIMETEAMS,SUCHSYSTEMSALLOWTHEORGANIZATIONTOREWARDDIFFERENTIALMEMBERCONTRIBUTIONS,AVERYCOMMONSCENARIOWHENTEAMMEMBERSTASKSARESOMEWHATINDEPENDENTHOWEVER,SUCHTEAMMEMBERINCENTIVESYSTEMSMAYBEINAPPROPRIATEFORFULLTIMETEAMSWHERESUBSTANTIALCOOPERATIONAMONGTEAMMEMBERSISDESIRABLE（节选）译文精神激励管理之团队激励机制指南ALPAROSONCZ你对团队激励制度感到困惑吗你觉得你的组织是否应该执行团队激励制度团队激励制度该如何设计薪酬专家建议如果想要组织中的团队在一定的程度范围内达到最理想的绩效水平，就要建立一定形式的团队激励制度。团队激励制度向员工传达了这样一种信息团队的产出和绩效是通过组织的价值来体现的。如果一个团队的表现没有被认可和奖励，就说明团队的绩效没有达到最优水平。根据对团队激励特点的研究，我们得出了团队激励制度中七类主要的奖励制度。这七类奖励制度分别是1）团队利润共享/收益共享，2）目标导向的团队激励机制，3）团队酌情激励机制，4）团队技能激励机制，5）团
