1、本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译外文出处EMPLOYEEBENEFITPLANREVIEWJJUL2010,VOL65P2325外文作者SOLOMON,TODDATIEMANN,BRIANJ原文CHANGESCOMINGTOTHEHUMANRIGHTSCAMPAIGNFOUNDATIONSCORPORATEEQUALITYINDEXTHEHUMANRIGHTSCAMPAIGNHRCFOUNDATIONSCORPORATEEQUALITYINDEXTHEINDEXISANATIONALLYRECOGNIZEDRANKINGOFMAJOREMPLOYERSTHROUGHOUTTHEUNITEDSTAT
2、ESONISSUESINVOLVINGWORKPLACEEQUALITYFORLESBIAN,GAY,BISEXUAL,ANDTRANSGENDERLGBTINDIVIDUALSTHEANNUALINDEXEVALUATESEMPLOYERSONASERIESOFEVOLVINGCRITERIATHATDEMONSTRATETHEEMPLOYERSCOMMITMENTTOEQUALTREATMENTOFALLPEOPLEREGARDLESSOFTHEIRSEXUALORIENTATIONANDGENDERIDENTITYOREXPRESSIONEMPLOYERSLISTEDINFORTUNEM
3、AGAZINES1,000LARGESTPUBLICLYTRADEDBUSINESSES,AMERICANLAWYERMAGAZINESTOP200REVENUEGROSSINGLAWFIRMS,ANDFORBESMAGAZINES200LARGESTPRIVATEBUSINESSESAREINVITEDTOPARTICIPATEINTHESURVEYINADDITION,ANYPRIVATESECTOR,FORPROFITEMPLOYERWITH500ORMOREFULLTIMEUSEMPLOYEESCANREQUESTTOPARTICIPATEEMPLOYERSGENERALLYARERA
4、NKEDONTHEINDEXBASEDONASURVEYTHATTHEEMPLOYERSUBMITSTOTHEHRCIN2010,305OFTHE590EMPLOYERSEVALUATEDRECEIVEDAPERFECT100PERCENTRANKINGONTHEINDEXSINCETHEINDEXWASINTRODUCEDIN2002,THEHRCHASUPDATEDTHECRITERIAONWHICHEMPLOYERSAREEVALUATEDSEVERALTIMESTOCONTINUERAISINGTHEBARONTHECOMPREHENSIVEBENEFITSANDINCLUSIVEEM
5、PLOYMENTPRACTICESANDPOLICIESTHATEMPLOYERSMUSTIMPLEMENTINORDERTOENSURETHATLGBTINDIVIDUALSARETREATEDEQUALLYTHENEWESTVERSIONOFTHECRITERIAWILLTAKEEFFECTWITHTHE2012INDEXASDETAILEDBELOW,THENEWCRITERIASTRESSCOMPREHENSIVEEMPLOYEEBENEFITSFORSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERS,TRANSGENDERINCLUSIVEMEDICALANDSHORTTERMDIS
6、ABILITYBENEFITS,ORGANIZATIONALCOMPETENCYONLGBTISSUES,ANDPUBLICENGAGEMENTWITHTHELGBTCOMMUNITYSURVEYSFORTHE2012INDEXWILLBEDISTRIBUTEDTOEMPLOYERSINMARCH2011EMPLOYERSMUSTDEMONSTRATETHATALLNEWCRITERIAOTHERTHANTHOSEIMPACTINGEMPLOYEEBENEFITSWILLBEINPLACEBYJULY29,2011ALLCHANGESTOANEMPLOYERSBENEFITPLANSMUSTB
7、EEFFECTIVENOLATERTHANJANUARY1,2012INADDITION,THEHRCREQUIRESEMPLOYERSTOANNOUNCETOEMPLOYEESANYCHANGESTHATWILLBEMADETOTHEEMPLOYERSBENEFITPLANSTOSATISFYTHECRITERIAFORTHEINDEXPRIORTOTHEPUBLICATIONOFTHE2012INDEXONSEPTEMBER1,2011EQUALBENEFITSFORSAMESEXPARTNERSEMPLOYERSMUSTNOWENSURETHATBENEFITSEXTENDEDTOSAM
8、ESEXPARTNERSOFEMPLOYEESINCLUDINGSTATEREGISTEREDDOMESTICPARTNER,CIVILUNIONPARTNERS,ANDSAMESEXSPOUSESAREEQUIVALENTTOTHEBENEFITSTHATTHEEMPLOYEROFFERSTOOPPOSITESEXSPOUSESTOTHEEXTENTPERMITTEDBYLAWTHISCRITERIONREQUIRESEMPLOYERSTOMAKEALLBENEFITSCURRENTLYAVAILABLETOOPPOSITESEXSPOUSESALSOAVAILABLETOSAMESEXSP
9、OUSES,INCLUDINGRETIREMENTBENEFITS,MEDICAL,ANDDEPENDENTCOVERAGE,COBRAEQUIVALENTCOVERAGE,FMLAEQUIVALENTLEAVE,ANDANYFRINGEBENEFITSINADDITION,EMPLOYERSMUSTENSURETHATTHESEBENEFITSAREOFFEREDUNDERTHESAMETERMSTOSAMESEXSPOUSESORPARTNERSOFEMPLOYEESCOMMONCHANGESTHATEMPLOYERSMAYNEEDTOMAKETOTHEIREMPLOYEEBENEFITP
10、LANSANDPOLICIESINCLUDETHEFOLLOWINGCERTAINHARDSHIPDISTRIBUTIONOPTIONSFROMQUALIFIEDDEFINEDCONTRIBUTIONPLANSMUSTTAKESAMESEXSPOUSESORPARTNERSINTOCONSIDERATIONTOTHESAMEDEGREEASANEMPLOYEESOPPOSITESEXSPOUSEINDETERMININGTHEEMPLOYEESELIGIBILITYFORTHEDISTRIBUTIONTHISCHANGEISLEGALLYOPTIONALUNDERTHEPENSIONPROTE
11、CTIONACTOF2006,BUTWILLBEREQUIREDONORDERTORETAINAPERFECTSCOREONTHEINDEXQUALIFIEDJOINTANDPRERETIREMENTSURVIVORANNUITIESFROMTHEEMPLOYERSDEFINEDBENEFITPENSIONPLANSMUSTBEEXTENDEDTOSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERSINTHESAMEMANNERASOPPOSITESEXSPOUSESMOSTPENSIONPLANSPERMITANEMPLOYEESBENEFITSTOBEPAIDOVERTHEEMPLOYEES
12、LIFEORTHEJOINTLIVESOFTHEEMPLOYEEANDHISORHEROPPOSITESEXSPOUSE,ASWELLASPROVIDINGAPRERETIREMENTSURVIVORANNUITYIFTHEEMPLOYEEDIESBEFOREHISPENSIONBENEFITCOMMENCESEMPLOYERSWITHPENSIONPLANSWITHJOINTSPOUSALANNUITYOPTIONSWILLNEEDTOAMENDTHEIRPLANSTOPERMITEMPLOYEESTOELECTANANNUITYTHATISPAYABLEOVERTHEJOINTLIVESO
13、FTHEEMPLOYEEANDHISORHERSAMESEXSPOUSEORPARTNERINADDITION,EMPLOYERSWILLNEEDTOALLOWSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERSTOBEELIGIBLETORECEIVEAPRERETIREMENTSURVIVORANNUITYTOAVOIDTHEADDEDADMINISTRATIVECOMPLEXITYOFLIMITINGTHISPAYMENTOPTIONSTOSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERS,MANYEMPLOYERSHAVEOPTEDTOOFFERAJOINTANNUITYANDPRERE
14、TIREMENTSURVIVORANNUITYFORANYNONSPOUSEBENEFICIARYDESIGNATEDBYTHEEMPLOYEEHOWEVER,EXTENDINGASURVIVORBENEFITUNDERAPENSIONPLANTOALLNONSPOUSALBENEFICIARIESCANBEMORECOSTLYFORANEMPLOYERTOOFFERTHANLIMITINGTHISBENEFITTOONLYSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERSSAMESEXSPOUSESANDPARTNERSMUSTBEINCLUDEDINANYDEFAULTBENEFICIAR
15、YPROVISIONSOFANEMPLOYERSRETIREMENTPLANSMANYEMPLOYERSOFFERDEFINEDCONTRIBUTIONPLANSWHICHSTATETHATANEMPLOYEESBENEFITWILLBEPAIDTOHISORHERSPOUSEINTHEEVENTTHATTHEEMPLOYEEDIESWITHOUTHAVINGDESIGNATEDABENEFICIARYPLANSWITHSUCHDEFAULTBENEFICIARYLANGUAGENOWMUSTBEAMENDEDTOINCLUDEANEMPLOYEESSAMESEXSPOUSEORPARTNER
16、ASTHEDEFAULTBENEFICIARYINTHEEVENTTHATTHEEMPLOYEEDIESWITHOUTADESIGNATEDBENEFICIARYTHEDEFINITIONOF“SPOUSE”INANYINSURANCECONTRACTSMUSTBEREVISEDTOINCLUDESAMESEXSPOUSESINTHOSESTATESWERESAMESEXMARRIAGEISLEGALORRECOGNIZEDSAMESEXMARRIAGEISCURRENTLYLEGALINCONNECTICUT,IOWA,MASSACHUSETTS,NEWHAMPSHIRE,VERMONT,A
17、NDTHEDISTRICTOFCOLUMBIANEWYORKWILLALSORECOGNIZESAMESEXMARRIAGESFORMEDINANYOFTHESEJURISDICTIONSEVENTHOUGHSAMESEXCOUPLESCANNOTLEGALLYMARRYINNEWYORKANYREQUIREDEVIDENCEOF“PROOF”OFASAMESEXCOUPLESRELATIONSHIPMUSTBETHESAMEASTHEEVIDENCEREQUIREDFROMOPPOSITESEXSPOUSESINCLUSIVEHEALTHBENEFITSFORTRANSGENDEREMPLO
18、YEESANDDEPENDENTSEMPLOYERSPONSOREDMEDICALANDSHORTTERMDISABILITYBENEFITSMUSTNOWINCLUDECOMPREHENSIVECOVERAGEOFTRANSGENDERSPECIFICTREATMENTSPREVIOUSLY,EMPLOYERSONLYHADTOOFFERBENEFITSTHATCOVEREDONEOFTHEFOLLOWINGCATEGORIESOFTREATMENTFORTRANSITIONINGINDIVIDUALSCOUNSELINGBYAMENTALHEALTHPROFESSIONAL,PHARMAC
19、YBENEFITSCOVERINGHORMONETHERAPY,MEDICALVISITSTOMONITORTHEEFFECTSOFHORMONETHERAPY,ANDOTHERASSOCIATEDLABPROCEDURES,MEDICALLYNECESSARYSURGICALPROCEDURESSUCHASHYSTERECTOMY,ORSHORTTERMDISABILITYLEAVEFORSURGICALPROCEDURESMANYEMPLOYERSMEDICALANDSHORTTERMDISABILITYBENEFITPLANSCURRENTLYEXCLUDETRANSGENDERSPEC
20、IFICTREATMENTSBYCLASSIFYINGTHEMAS“COSMETIC”THENEWCRITERIAWILLREQUIREEMPLOYERSTOWORKWITHTHEIRINSURANCECARRIERSANDADMINISTRATORSTOREMOVESUCHEXCLUSIONSANDAFFIRMATIVELYEXTENDCOVERAGETOANYMEDICALLYNECESSARYTREATMENTSANDPROCEDURESGUIDANCEONTHETRANSGENDERSPECIFICTREATMENTSANDPROCEDURESTHATSHOULDBECOVEREDBE
21、CAUSETHEYAREMEDICALLYNECESSARYISAVAILABLEUNDERTHESTANDARDSOFCAREDEFINEDBYTHEWORLDPROFESSIONALASSOCIATIONFORTRANSGENDERHEALTHWPATHTOCOMPLETETHESURVEYFORTHE2012INDEX,EMPLOYERSWILLBEREQUIREDTOSUBMITDOCUMENTATIONTOVERIFYTHATMEDICALANDSHORTTERMDISABILITYBENEFITSWILLINFACTPROVIDECOVERAGEFORTRANSGENDERSPEC
22、IFICTREATMENTSBEGINNINGNOLATERTHANJANUARY1,2012ORGANIZATIONALCOMPETENCYOFLGBTISSUESEMPLOYERSMUSTDEMONSTRATEA“FIRMWIDESUSTAINEDANDACCOUNTABLECOMMITMENTTODIVERSITYANDCULTURALCOMPETENCY”THROUGHATLEASTTWOOFTHEFOLLOWINGTRAININGFORNEWEMPLOYEESTHATINFORMSTHEMOFTHEEMPLOYERSNONDISCRIMINATIONPOLICYWHICHINCLUD
23、ESGENDERIDENTITYANDSEXUALORIENTATIONANDPROVIDESTHEMWITHDEFINITIONSORSCENARIOSILLUSTRATINGHOWTHEPOLICYAPPLIESTOEACHTRAININGFORSUPERVISORSTHATINCLUDESGENDERIDENTITYANDSEXUALORIENTATIONASDISCRETETOPICSANDPROVIDESDEFINITIONSORSCENARIOSILLUSTRATINGHOWTHEPOLICYAPPLIESTOEACHINTEGRATIONOFGENDERIDENTITYANDSE
24、XUALORIENTATIONINPROFESSIONALDEVELOPMENT,SKILLSBASED,OROTHERLEADERSHIPTRAININGTHATINCLUDESELEMENTSOFDIVERSITYAND/ORCULTURALCOMPETENCYDEVELOPMENTOFGENDERTRANSITIONGUIDELINESWITHSUPPORTIVERESTROOM,DRESSCODE,ANDDOCUMENTATIONGUIDANCEIMPLEMENTATIONOFSENIORMANAGEMENTANDEXECUTIVEPERFORMANCEMEASURESTHATINCL
25、UDELGBTDIVERSITYMETRICSPUBLICCOMMITMENTTOTHELGBTCOMMUNITYEMPLOYERSMUSTDEMONSTRATEAN“ONGOINGLGBTSPECIFICENGAGEMENTTHATEXTENDSACROSSTHEFIRM”THROUGHATLEASTTHREEOFTHEFOLLOWINGDEMONSTRATEDEFFORTSTOREACHLGBTAPPLICANTSANDRECRUITLGBTEMPLOYEESSUPPLIERDIVERSITYPROGRAMWITHDEMONSTRATEDEFFORTTOINCLUDECERTIFIEDLG
26、BTSUPPLIERSMARKETINGORADVERTISINGTOLGBTCONSUMERSEG,ADVERTISINGWITHLGBTCONTENT,ADVERTISINGINLGBTMEDIA,ORSPONSORINGLGBTORGANIZATIONSANDEVENTSPHILANTHROPICSUPPORTOFATLEASTONELGBTORGANIZATIONEG,FINANCIAL,INKINDORPROBONOSUPPORTDEMONSTRATEDPUBLICSUPPORTFORLGBTEQUALITYUNDERTHELAWTHROUGHLOCAL,STATE,ORFEDERA
27、LLEGISLATIONORINITIATIVESEMPLOYERSTHATWANTTOACHIEVEORRETAINHIGHRANKINGSONTHE2012INDEXWILLNEEDTOTAKEACTIONNOWTOENSURETHATTHEIREMPLOYEEBENEFITPLANSANDEMPLOYMENTPRACTICESANDPOLICIESAREUPDATEDINACCORDANCEWITHTHENEWCRITERIAEMPLOYEEBENEFITPLANREVIEWJULY2010P23译文人权运动中公司基金会平等指数的变化人权运动基金会的企业平等指数是一个得到美国国内各大企业
28、承认的一个涉及到职场平等的指标，并且在这些年来演化出一系列评价标准以证明雇主对所有人的平等对待，不管他们的倾向和性别认同或者表达方式。他们邀请了在财富杂志中排名最浅的1000家企业、美国律师杂志的总收入最高的200位法律事务所以及福布斯杂志的200家最大的私人企业参与调查。此外，超过500家私营部门和营利性用人单位要求美国员工参与。到2010年，305家的评价使得590位雇主得到了和好的排名。自从2002年这个指数引进以来，这个指数就一直被作为一个标准来评价在不断提高的企业经济效益和员工的就业措施和政策中雇主是否保证了个人是平等的。最新版本的指标将在2012年生效。详述如下在新准的压力下的综合
29、员工福利和配偶与其合作伙伴的合作关系；可兼容的医疗和短期的残疾补偿、组织能力问题；以及公众参与社区。2012年的指标调查将于2011年的三月份分配给雇主。雇主必须在7月29日之前完成调查。企业的员工福利计划的所有改革都应该在2012年1月1日前开始施行。1、给予伴侣的平等福利现在雇主必须确保员工福利延伸到员工的伴侣，即相当于与员工拥有相当于现在的利益。用人单位不能提供异性配偶根据法律允许的范围。本标准规定雇主要让所有的利益适用于所有的配偶，包括退休金、医疗等等。其中，由于雇主的需要而对他们的员工福利计划政策的一般变化如下某些困难分布选项合格的供款计划必须携带伴侣并进行不同程度的考虑作为雇员在确
30、定异性伴侣员工是否有资格领取的界定。这一变化下依法可选2006年养老金保护法案,但马上就要确定了需要为了保持完美的得分指数。幸存者养老金从雇主定义的效益出发啊，养老金计划必须延伸到配偶和伴侣。多数的养老金计划仅仅对员工的生命或者共同生活的配偶，以及对幸存者如果员工死亡才能使他们的退休福利对其伴侣有效。雇主与退休金计划与联合婚姻的年金选项将会需要修改他们的计划，允许员工年金选举在支付联合的生活中她或他的配偶或合作伙伴。除此之外雇主必须考虑配偶和伴侣条件获得幸存者年金。为了避免了行政复杂的限制这付款选项来配偶和合作伙伴,许多雇主提供一个选择联合年金和预退休对任何幸存者年金指定受益人即该员工。然而,
31、延下一名幸存者效益所有退休金计划受益人可以更昂贵为用人单位提供比限制这种能力只有配偶或伴侣。在退休计划中，配偶和伴侣必须包含在任何的默认受益人中。许多雇主也不会提供养老金的固定缴款方案，员工的福利将在他或她的配偶的在该员工死亡后没有有指定受益人时被支付。违约计划由受益人承担。其中相关的条款中一些语言需要被修正，包括一名职员的配偶或伴侣作为默认受益人,万一员工死后无指定受益人。保险合同中“家属”的定义必须经过修订包括同性配偶，这些州是同性婚姻的被认为是合法的。同性婚姻在康乃狄克州,爱荷华州、麻萨诸塞州,新罕布夏、佛蒙特州,哥伦比亚区的法律中是允许的。2、健康福利包括不同性别的员工和家属雇主医疗和
32、短期的赞助残疾人福利现在必须包括全面报道了TRANSGENDERSPECIFIC治疗。以前,雇主只有提供福利覆盖了一个以下几类治疗过渡,个人咨询寻求心理医生的、制药福利包括激素疗法监测健康检查的影响及其他相关激素疗法实验室程序,医学上必须的手术的程序,如子宫切除术,或短期残疾去的外科手术。许多雇主的药物和短期的残疾福利计划目前排除反式性别的具体治疗进行分类为“化妆品。”这个新标准将要求雇主工作的承保公司和管理员把这些排除和积极扩展覆盖任何医学上必须的治疗方法和程序。指导TRANSGENDERSPECIFIC治疗和程序,应铺有因为他们是医学上必须是可得到的照料标准下定义。世界专业协会WPATH完
33、成这个调查2012指数,雇主们会被要求提交文件确认医疗和短期的残疾补偿并且不迟于2012年1月1日起施行。作为企业核心竞争力之一的大范围的持续发展和负责人的多元文化和文化能力是雇主必须加以明确的，其具体有如下两点培训新员工的通知用人单位的非歧视政策,包括性倾向和性别认同和给他们提供的定义说明或政策也适用于每个人身上。培训包括管理者,性别身份、性取向、离散的主题和提供定义说明或情景的政策也适用于每个人身上。一体化的性别认同和性倾向专业研发、SKILLSBASED或其他领导训练,包括元素的多样性和文化的能力。发展的指南,性别转换的着装休息室,支持,和文档指导。实施高层管理及执行绩效措施,包括主题多样性绩效指标。3、公开承诺的员工福利社区展示主题努力来达到主题并招募申请者员工。多样性供应商方案对所要求的努力包括认证供应商。市场或广告、消费者例如,广告与主题内容、广告媒体或者主题赞助主题组织和事件。慈善支持至少一种主题组织例如,金融,也可以用实物、公益性服务支持。展示主题公众支持平等在律法以下的人通过当地、州或联邦立法或计划。想要达到的雇主或保持对2012年高排名指数会需要采取行动来保证他们的员工福利计划和就业措施和政策依照更新的新标准。资料来源EMPLOYEEBENEFITPLANREVIEWJULY2010P23
