1、- 0 -语 法 填 空 题(2015 全国一卷)第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分)阅读下面材料, 用不多于 1 个单词的正确形式填空。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61._(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours 62._, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with 63._(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh,
2、 even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64._ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65._(painting). Instead, I d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away 66.
3、_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo 67._(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68._(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. A
4、bercrombie 形容词的最高级与定冠词连用。64or 考查连词。句意:但是这条河流不是在几天或者甚至几个月内被改变的。因为本句是否定句,应填连词 or。64or 河流在几天活甚至在几个月之后没有多大的改善。这里是两个时间短语表示选择关系,故用 or.65to reduce 考查非谓语动词。句意:花费了多年的工作来减少工业污染和净化河水。It take/took(sb.)some time to do sth做某事花费(某人) 多长时间,为固定句式,故填动词不定式 to reduce。65to reduce 减少工业污染和变成干净的水需要几年的工作时间。这里是句式:It takessome
5、 timeto do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间,故这里应该用动词不定式。66cleaner 考查形容词的比较级。句意:最后,辛苦的工作得到了回报,现在河水比以前的干净多了。根据句中比较级的标志词 than 可知,该空应用比较级,故填 cleaner。66cleaner 现在河里的水比以前更清了。根据后面的比较连词 than 可知这里应该用比较级。67That/which 考查定语从句。句意:可能你有一种让你家人发疯的习惯。根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的引导词,先行词是 a habit,引导词在定语从句中作主语,故填 that 或which。67That/which 也许你有一个能使你
6、的家人发疯的习惯。这里 habit 是先行词,which或 that 引导的是定语从句,并且在从句中做主语,不能省略,故用 that/which.68amazing 考查词性转换。虽然有一些令人吃惊的快速改观的故事,但是对我们大部分人来说,变化是循序渐进的,并且也是需要很多努力和工作的。设空处修饰表示“事物”的名词 stories,应该用形容词形式amazing(令人吃惊的) 。不能用 amazed(感到吃惊的) 。68amazing 这里空格处应该用形容词来修饰后面的名词,amazing 指令人吃惊的; amazed 指人感到吃惊的。这里不是用来修饰人的,故用 amazing.69chang
7、es 考查名词。定冠词 the 后面应该填名词,根据 be 动词 are 和 require 可知应是名词的复数形式,故填 changes。69changes 对于我们大多数人来说,变化是逐渐的,需要很多努力和工作。因为这里缺少的是句子的主语,根据谓语动词 are 可知主语应该是复数,故用 changes.70patient 考查词性转换。句意:要有耐心。此处 be 动词后面应是形容词作表语,故填patient(耐心的)。70patient 需要的是耐心。patience“耐心 ”是名词;因为空格前有系动词 be,所以这里应该用形容词 patient 作 be 的表语。- 4 -2. 2014
8、 年全国卷 II第三部分 英语知识运用第二节 (共 10 分;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _61_ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_(disappoint).When the bus fina
9、lly came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _64_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _65_ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _66_(stop) until we reached
10、the next stop. Still, the boy kept _67_(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A
11、 woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! Its _69_ (I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _70_(sudden) became friendly to one another.第二节 语篇解读本文为记叙文,题材是人物故事类。讲述了一位不知名的少年骑车追还失主手提箱的故事。
12、41being 介词后用动名词做宾语【解析】worry about doing,考查介词后接 doing 动名词形式;42and and 连接两个句子,表示顺承关系。 【解析】很明显,两句之间需连词相连接,通过前后句意关系,many people waiting 和 looked very anxious 判断,属并列关系。 43disappointed 表示人的内心活动,应使用-ed 分词演变来的形容词,这里指他们看起来既焦虑又失望。 【解析】look 为感官半系动词,连接形容词,表人状态,故用-ed 形式;44to 【解析】考查 next to 介词短语搭配,意为“挨着,靠近 ”,比较简单
13、,整体充当 a place 的后置定语;45caught 全文是叙述一件往事,以一般过去时为主,故这里应使用 catch 的过去式。 【解析】此空首先考虑确实谓语动词形式,结合全文,表示瞬间动作,吸引了我的注意力,所以填一般过去时态,中等难度。46to stop 表示“拒绝做某事”时,refuse 后接不定式做宾语。 【解析】考查 refuse 动词的搭配,refuse to do,难度简单;47riding 表示“ 继续( 不间断地)做某事”时,要用 keep doing sth.,相当于 continue doing sth.。 【解析】考查 keep doing,强调一直持续在做,难度简
14、单;48Did 句尾的问号提示该句尾疑问句, “丢失”是发生在过去的动作,故应使用助动词 did. 【解析】通过 asked,表明询问,结合语境中 last stop,应使用一般过去时态,请注意大写;49me/mine 该句既可以用宾格 me 表示“ 是我( 丢了手提箱)” ,也可以用名词性物主代词 mine 表示“那是我的手提箱” 。 【解析】此空答案可理解为两种回答方式,一是我丢了,回答 Its me.二是回答是我的 suitcase,所以可回答 Its mine.所以按照不同理解可有以上两种答案,但是都非常简单;50suddenly 副词修饰动词。 【解析】用来修饰 became,所以使
15、用副词修饰谓语动词,简单;这是一篇 200 字左右的记叙文,难度不大,高一的学生就可以做出来。 做题思路:- 5 -1. 先通览全文,了解有关信息。2. 观察文章的体裁。3. 注意文章的时态。4. 重点注意所给词。第 61 题。此题考查非谓语动词。about 是介词,后面的动词要用名词形式,所以应该用 being。 第 62 题。此题考查连词。连接上一句和本句,而这两个分句只起承上启下的作用,没有转折、因果、让步等含义,故用 and 连接。 第 63 题。此题考查非谓语动词的形式,或者理解为词性转换。与 and 前面并列的 anxious 是形容词,所以应该用形容词(过分化的形容词)。即:di
16、sappointed。 第 64 题。此题考查介词短语搭配。与 next 搭配的介词是 to,next to 意思为:贴近;紧挨着。 第 65 题。此题考查动词的时态。全文是以 one morning 为主线,所以应该用一般过去式,catch为不规则动词,其过去式为 caught。 第 66 题。此题考查非谓语动词。动词 refuse 的宾语如果是动词,必须得用不定式。即:to stop 。 第 67 题。此题考查非谓语动词。keep 后面只能跟 ing 形式作宾语,所以应该用 riding。这是以不发音的 e 结尾的词,要去 e 再加 ing。 第 68 题。此题考查助动词。由于 at th
17、e last stop 的提示,所以应该用一般疑问句对行为动词提问的助动词 Did。 第 69 题。此题考查人称代词或者名词性的物主代词。由前面的问句里的 anyone 一词得知。回答用 me 或者 mine。表示是我,或者是我的(箱子)。 第 70 题。考查副词。修饰动词的应该为副词。所以用 suddenly。副词还可以修饰形容词、副词以及整个句子。 备考建议:1. 考生学习词汇应该知道其词性。 2. 考生对句子的成分要作充分的理解。3. 重点记忆名词、动词、形容词和副词。4. 对常见的非谓语动词搭配要熟悉。5. 掌握基本的构词法。6. 对词性变化规则要有所了解。7. 常用短语搭配也要记住。
18、3. 2014 年广东卷 第二节 语法填空(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 1625 的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had p
19、lanned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19_ for the week after. I d
20、idnt understand 20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21_ the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 2
21、3_ top - 6 -floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_(sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.第二节 语法填空【文章大意】本文为记叙文。作者为我们讲述了一家人去迈阿密
22、旅游时的一次经历。语篇解读 本文为记叙文,题材为个人经历。讲述了作者的一次旅游经历。虽然预订房间出现了差错,但问题得到了很好的解决,作者感到很满意。16 【考点】本题考查替代。 【答案】it【解析】本空用 it 代替前面出现的迈阿密。17 【考点】本题考查副词比较级。 【答案】earlier【解析 】解此题关键在于本句中的 had made 可知,作者在到达迈阿密之前就提前六个月预定了房间。本句暗含比较,意思是“早在六个月前”。18 【考点】本题考查时态和被动语态。 【答案】were told【解析】事情在过去发生,所以用一般过去时。我们应该是由旅馆那边告知,所以使用被动语态;因为叙述的是过去
23、发生的事情,we与 tell 之间是被动关系,所以本句使用一般过去时的被动语态。19 【考点】本题考查副词。 【答案】but 【解析】这是考虑 notbut结构,意为“不是为那个星期订的,而是为后一个星期所订的”。notbut不是 而是。此处表示句意的转折。20 【考点】本题考查连词。 【答案】how 【解析】意为“我不知道怎么会发生这样的事 ”,故用how。考查宾语从句的连接词。我不理解为什么会发生这样的事。/我不理解这样的事是如何发生的。21 【考点】本题考查与动词搭配的介词。 【答案】for【解析 】因 chargefor意为“收费”,chargefor为收(费) 。是习惯搭配。22 【
24、考点】本题考查副词用法。 【答案】surprisingly 【解析】解此题关键在于本空后的 helpful 是一个形容词,修饰形容词应该用副词。23 【考点】本题考查冠词。 【答案】the【解析】这里是特指顶层,所以用定冠词。the top floor顶层。24 【考点】本题考查定语从句。 【答案】where【解析】本句中含有定语从句,先行词是beach, where=on which=and on the beach=and there 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 the beach。因为先行词是地点名词,关系词在定语从句中作状语,所以填 where。25 【考点】本题考查被动语态。 【答案】
25、sunburnt/sunburned【解析】get 后接过去分词表被动。此处意为“被晒伤” 。get sunburnt/sunburned 晒伤。4. 2014 年辽宁卷第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 55 分)第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?J
26、onny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny.Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your
27、balance and dont let your body shake.Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).- 7 -Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds. Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do
28、this any longer.Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the mo
29、re likely you will get hit. He controls you!Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 70 .语篇解读 本文为对话类材料。Jonny 和 Peter 在谈论和学习打太极拳的一些动作。61.【答案】at 【试题解析】考查介词。考察固定搭配 laugh at嘲笑;根据下面一句 I may look funny 也许我看上去很滑稽,所以先提醒对方不要嘲笑我。62.【答案】softly 【试题解析】本句应该使用副词 softly 与前面的 naturally 一起
30、作为状语修饰前面的动词。要很自然柔和地弯曲膝盖伸展胳膊。63.【答案】painful 【试题解析 】本句横线前面是系动词 become,说明横线上应该使用形容词构成系表结构,所以使用形容词 painful。64.【答案】holding 【试题解析】固定搭配 keep doing sth 一直做某事;本句表示要一直维持住这个位置一段时间,会帮助发展你的力气和灵活性。65.【答案】it 【试题解析】这里的 it 就是指前面的 raise your leg 中的 your leg。用 it 指代上文提及的同一事物。66【答案】is called 【试题解析 】本句是一个被动语态的形式。句义:在英语里
31、,太极被称为“shadow boxing”。根据句义可知表示被动语态。因为叙述的是太极拳的常识,所以用一般现在时,又因 Tai Chi 与 call 之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。67.【答案】as 【试题解析】本句是一个固定搭配 as well as和,也;太极要求你像水英语行动,灵活也要强大;as well as=and 。68.【答案】harder 【试题解析】本句是一个固定句式:the+比较级,the+ 比较级表示“ 越就越”;你越来用力击打他,你越可能被击中,他能够控制你。因为对方会借力打力。可知hard 的比较级形式 harder。69.【答案】if 【试题解析】句义:这真是难以相
32、信,如果你不介意,我将停下了深呼吸一下。70.【答案】breath 【试题解析】考查名词。Peter 认为这样的事情是不可能的,所以他想深呼吸让自己平静下来。故使用 take a deep breath 深呼吸。5. 2013 年广东卷第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitch
33、en. Suddenly, he 16 (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 not save a bit
34、 of money?”“That would be a very 19 (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.- 8 -Nicks guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt 21
35、a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, t
36、here was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”第二节 语法填空语篇解读 本文为夹叙夹议。题材为生活哲理。本文通过讲述尼克打电话叫他儿子去买些盐,并交代他儿子要以合理公平的价格买,不能破坏市场平衡的故事,告诉我们要懂得尊重他人和生活中的公平。今年阅读理解的
37、命题思路和前几年基本相同,但难易度比去年略有降低。考查范围广,对冠词、介词、连词、形容词、时态、日常用语、定语从句等进行了考查。本文讲述尼克让儿子去买盐时,告诫儿子不能付太多也不能付太少的钱,并告诉了儿子如果不这样做的后果。16found 考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去发生的事,故用动词的一般过去式。16 【考点】考查时态的运用。 【答案】found【解析】由本文的语境及时态可知,本文应该用一般过去时。17nor neithernor既不 也不。17 【考点 】考查连词的运用。 【答案】nor 【解析】neithernor为固定搭配,意为 “既不也不”。18why why not?意为:为什
38、么不呢? 18 【考点】考查日常用语。 【答案】why【解析】由语境可知,孩子要问的是“为什么不节省一些钱呢?”19reasonable 考查词性转换。此处用形容词 reasonable 修饰名词 thing。reasonable adj.合理的,公道的。19 【考点】考查形容词的用法。 【答案】reasonable【解析】修饰名词 thing 应该用形容词 reasonable,意为“合乎情理的”。20who 考查关系代词。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词为 Nicks guests,故用关系代词 who引导,并且关系代词 who 作从句的主语。 20 【考点】考查定语从句的关系词的选择。 【
39、答案】who【解析】此处为 who 引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 guests。21at 考查介词。at a lower price 以较低的价格。21 【考点】考查介词的用法。 【答案】at【解析】以价格用介词 at。22for 固定搭配:show respect for sb/sth对表示尊重。show a lack of respect for:对缺乏尊重。22 【考点】考查介词的用法。 【答案】for【解析 】show respect for 意为“尊重”,本句中不要受;a lack of 的影响。23possibly 考查副词。此处用副词 possibly 修饰动词 destr
40、oy。23 【考点】考查副词的用法。【答案】possibly【解析】修饰动词应该用副词。24a 考查冠词。固定搭配:a small/large amount of sth少量 /大量。24 【考点】考查冠词的用法。 【答案】a【解析】a small amount of 意为“少量的”。25thinking 考查非谓语动词。此处用 v-ing 形式表示主动,作伴随状语。 25 【考点】考查时态。 【答案】thinking【解析】everyone 与 think 是主谓关系,故用现在分词做伴随状语。6. 2012 年广东卷第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读
41、下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或- 9 -使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卷标号为 16-25 的相应位置上。Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16 (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17 (buy) the school, And the word quickly got around that he was from New York C
42、ity.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18 (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19 last row.20 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong. It might have
43、 made it a little 21 ( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22 made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. T
44、he new boy shook his head.” Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher 23 a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24 the boy would do. Then he took 25 off, gave a big smile and said “That is
45、 cool.”第二节: 语法填空玛丽班上来了一位来自纽约城的男孩,与众不同的是戴着太阳镜,给她留下了深刻的印象。16wearing 此处用作伴随状语,句子主语与“戴太阳镜” 之间为主动关系,故用现在分词形式。16 【考点】本题考查现在分词的用法。 【答案】wearing【 解析】现在分词作伴随状语放在句中或句末常常表示伴随状态。wear 的现在分词形式为 wearing。17had bought 根据句意可知此处是虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。由句中的过去时态可知此处用过去完成时态。17 【考点】本题考查虚拟语气的用法。 【答案】had bought(填 would buy 得 O.5分) 【解析
46、】表示对过去情况的假设用 had done。18 【考点】本题考查形容词。 【答案】pleased【解析】根据上下文可知玛丽应该是感到高兴。此处需要 please 的形容词形式 pleased。18pleased 教室里有很多空座位,但男孩儿坐在了她身旁,这让玛丽觉得很高兴。此处用作表语,故用形容词 pleased(高兴的;满意的)。19the 此处表特指,故用定冠词 the。19 【考点】本题考查定冠词。 【答案】the【解析】在序数词、顺序词前面用定冠词表示特指。20If(Although/Though/While)句意:假如(虽然)他认为坐在最后一排可以逃脱大家的注意,(但是)他错了。根
47、据语境以及两句之问的逻辑关系可知,此空处引导条件状语从句或者让步状语从句。20 【考点】本题考查连词。 【答案】If【解析】如果他以为坐在后面就可以避开注意,那他错了。21harder 根据语境可知,此处用比较级形式,a little 修饰比较级,表示“更”。2l 【考点】本题考查 a little 的用法。 【答案】harder(填 hard 得 O.5 分) 【解析】此处 a little 修饰比较级。22which 此处为非限制性定语从句,故用关系代词 which,which 指代前面的整句话。22 【考点】本题考查非限制性定语从句。 【答案】which【解析】which 引导非限制性定语从句。23for 句意:那个新生看了老师几秒钟根据语境可知他们二人对视了一小会儿,故用介词for. 23 【考点】本题考查介词的用法。 【答案】for【解析】 “for a few seconds”意为“几秒钟”。24what 此处引导宾语从句,从句中 do 后缺少宾语,故由 what 引导。24 【考点】本题考查宾语从句。 【答案】what【解析】what 引导宾语从句,并在宾语从句中作宾语。25them 此处表示 “他摘掉了眼镜”。眼镜(glasses) 为复数形式,用 them 代指。25 【考点】本题