1、十年考研真题阅读中常见的短语（超有用） 1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from . 缺席，不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力 (被动语态 ):be absorbed in 全神贯注于近 :be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered
2、on 5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于 ,富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词 ) 能接近 ,进入 ,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地 ,意外 . Without accident(=safely) 安全地 , 8. of one s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 9. in accord with 与一致 . out of one s accord wi
3、th 同 .不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照 ,根据 12. on one s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故 , 为了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one s own risk) 自行负责 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账 ; on account of 因为 ; on no account 不论什么原因也不 ;of account 有 .重要性 . 13. take into
4、account(=consider)把 .考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明 , 解释 (理由 ) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解 释 , 说明 . 16. on account of (=because of) 由于 ,因为 . 17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要 ,无论如何不要 (放句首时句子要倒装 ) 18. accuse of (=charge with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame st
5、h. on sb. ; complain about) 指控 ,控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于 . 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解 ; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行 ,按照行动 ; act as 扮演 ; act for 代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt (for) (=make sth. Suitab
6、le for a new need) 改编 , 改写 (以适应新的需要 ) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外 , 又 , 加之 25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外 26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附 ; 坚持 , 遵循 27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的 , 临 近的
7、28. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节 ; 适应 ; 29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地 . 30. in advance (before in time) 预告 , 事先 . 31. to advantage 有利的 ,使优点更加突出地 . 32. have an advantage over 胜过 . have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=
8、make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用 . 34. agree with 赞同 (某人意见 ) agree to 同意 35. in agreement (with) 同意 , 一致 36. ahead of 在之前 , 超过 ; . ahead of time 提前 . 37. in the air 1)不肯定 , 不 具体 . 2)在谣传中 . 38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是 , 最重要的 . 39. in all (=cou
9、nting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共 , 总计 40. after all 毕竟 ,到底 ; (not) at all 一点也不 ; all at once(=suddenly)突然 ; once and for all 只此一次 ; above all 最重要的 ; first of all 首先 ; all in all 大体上说 ; be all in 累极了 ; all but 几乎 . 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到 , 估计到 . 42
10、. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计 , 等于 . 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责 . 44. answer to (=conform to) 适合 ,符合 . 45. be anxious about 为焦急不安 ; 或 anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁 . appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 4
11、8. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请 ; apply for 申请 ; apply to 适用 . 49. apply to 与有关 ;适用 50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成 , approve vt. 批准 51. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起 . 52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排做 53. arrive on 到达 ; arrive at 到达某地 (小地方
12、 );得出 ,作出 ; arrive in 到达某地 (大地方 ); 54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以为羞耻 55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证 , 使确信 . 56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚 , 系 ,结 57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做 58. attend t
13、o (=give one s attention, care and thought)注意 ,照顾 ;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候 ,照料 59. attitude to/ toward 对的态度 .看法 60. attribute to (=to believe sth. to be the result of )把 .归因于 ., 认为 .是 .的结果 61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 62. (be) aware of (=be conscious o
14、f , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到 ,知道 . 63. at the back of (=behind) 在后面 64. in the back of 在后部 (里面 ); on the back of 在后部 (外面 ); be on one s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起 . 65. at one s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持 ,维护 ; have sb. at one s back 有支持 , 有作后台 66. turn one s back on sb. (=turn
15、 away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬 (某人 ),背弃 ,抛弃 67. behind one s back 背着某人 (说坏话 ) 68. be based on / upon 基于 69. on the basis of 根据 , 在基础上 70. beat at 在运动项 目上打赢 71. begin with 以开始 . to begin with (=first of all) 首先 , 第一 (经常用于开始语 ) 72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义 73. believe in(=h
16、ave faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信 ,依赖 ,信仰 . 74. benefit (from) 受益 ,得到好处 . 75. for the benefit of 为了的利益 (好处 ) 76. for the better 好转 77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败 , 胜过 . 78. by birth 在出生上 ,论出身 ,按血统 at birth 在出生时 ; give birth to 出生 79. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人 . blame sth
17、. on sb. 把推在某人身上 80. in blossom 开花 (指树木 ) be in blossom 开花 (强调状态 ) come into blossom 开花 (强调动作 ) 81. on board 到船上 , 在船上 , 上火车或飞机 82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘 83. out of breath 喘不过气来 84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之 85. in bulk 成批地 ,不散装的 86. take the floor 起立发言 87. on business 出差办事 . 88. be
18、 busy with sth.于某事 。 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 89. last but one 倒数第二 . 90. but for (=without) 要不是 . 表示假设 91. buy sth. for money 用多少钱买 92. be capable of 能够 , 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词 :是能够被的 93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 9
19、4. in case (=for fear that) 万一 ; 95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一 in the case of 至于 , 就而言 96. in no case 在任何情况下都不 (放句首倒装句 ) 97. be cautious of 谨防 98. center one s attention on(=focus one s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在上 99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握 , 一定 . 100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地
20、 ,有把握地 101. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 102. for a change 换换环境 (花样等 ) 103. charge sb. with 控告某人犯有 104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责 (某事 ) in the charge of 由管 105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理 (照顾 ) 106. charge for 因索取 (费用 ) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有 107
21、. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地 108. comment on 评论 109. commit oneself to 使自己承担 commit sb. to prison 把某人送进监狱 ; commit one s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来 ; commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论 110. in common (和 )有共同之处 ,共用 . be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的 111. ke
22、ep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和要好 . 112. compare with 把与比较 113. compare to 把比作 114. by comparison 比较起来 115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和比起来 116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿 , 赔偿 ,弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿 ,弥补 117. complain of (or about)抱怨 ;诉苦 ;控告
23、;complain about 抱怨某人或事情 ; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨 ; complain (抱怨 ); complement (补充 ); compliment (恭维 ) 118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守 , 依从 119. conceive of (think of, imagine, consider) 想象 ,设想 120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中 ,专心 121. be co
24、ncerned with (=about) 与有关 122. concern oneself about / with 关心 123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点 ; at the conclusion of 当结束时 ; 124. condemn sb. to 判决 125. on condition that (=if)以为条件 , 假如 . in that = because 因为 ; now that = since 既然；for all that = although 尽管 126. in / out of condition (=th
25、oroughly healthy or fit / not fit) 健康状况好 /不好 . in good (bad) condition 处于良好 (坏 )状态 127. confess(to)(=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong)承认 , 供认 ; confess to a crime 承认罪行 . 128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one s secret) 对讲真心话 , 依赖 129. in confidence 推心置腹地 ; with confidence 满怀信心地 ; have
26、confidence in 对有信心 130. confidence in sb. / sth. 对的信赖 131. be confident of 有信心 ; confidential 机密的 132. confine to 把限制在某范围内 133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定 (信念等 ) 134. conform to (=be in agreement with, comply with) 符合 ,遵照 ,遵守 ;1)obey 服从 ; 2) observe; 3)comply with 照办 ; 4)keep to 遵循 ; 5)abide by 服从 ;6)sti
27、ck to 按 .做 135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对 , 面临 136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺 137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于 , 138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察 ,知道 139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意 140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果 141. in consequence of (=
28、as a consequence of)由于的结果 142. under consideration 在考虑中 143. in consideration of (=in return for, on account of, because of )由于 144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不 145. take into consideration (=take account of, take into account)考虑到 , 把考虑进去 146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs) 体贴的 , 考
29、虑他人需要的 , considerable相当大的 ,值得考虑的 147. consist of(=be composed of)由组成的 . consist in 主要在于 . consist with 符合 ,与一致 148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与一致 . be consistent in 一贯的 , 149. consult sb. on/ about sth. 向征求方面的意见 , 就向请教 150. to one s heart s content 尽情地 ,痛痛快快 151. be content with(=be s
30、atisfied with) 满足于 be content to do sth. 愿意做某事 152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与相反 153. on the contrary 相反 154. contrast with 把与相对 (对照 ) 155. in contrast to/with 和形成对比； by contrast 对比之下 156. contribute to 有助于 157. under control (被 )控制住 out of control无法控制 158. at one s convenience(=where and whe
31、n it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点 . be convenient to / for 对方便 159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.)使某人确信 ,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做 160. cope with(=deal with, try to find a solution to)应付 , 处理 161. in the corner(of)在角落里 ;on(at) the comer of a street 在街道拐弯处
32、;round the comer 拐过弯 ; be in a tight corner 陷入困境 162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信 163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合 ,一致 164. at all costs 不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以为代价 165. a matter of course 理所当然的事 166. as a matter of course 当然地 , 自然地 167. in (during) the course 在过程
33、中 168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没经过太久 , 到一定时候 169. on credit 赊购 ; with credit 以优异成绩 ; to one s credit 使某人感到光荣 ; do sb. credit 使感到光荣 170 be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的 171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病 172 a danger to 对的危险 ; be in danger(of)处于危险中 ; be out of danger 脱离危险 173. to date(=so far, unt
34、il now) 到目前为止 174. out of date 过时的； up to date 新式的 ,时兴的 ; date back to 可追溯到 ; date from 从某时期开始 (有 ) 175. deal with (=concern) 论及 176. be in debt to sb. 欠的债 177. on the decline 在衰退中 , 在减少中 in decline 下降 ; on the increase 在增加 178. to one s delight 令某人感到高兴； to one s regret 遗憾 ; sorrow 悲痛 ; relief 安心 ;
35、distress 苦恼 ; shame 羞愧 ; surprise 惊奇 ; astonishment 惊奇 ; 179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢 , 取乐 180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干 , 以为乐 181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求 (非物质的 )东西 . demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求 (物质的 )东西 182.in demand 有需求 ;on demand 受到要求时 183. be dependent on 依靠 184. deprive
36、 sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 185. derive from(=obtain from)从取得 ,由来的 .derive from(=come from)起源于 186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望 187. in despair 绝望 188. despite (=in spite of) 不管 , 尽管 189. in detail 详细地 190. deviate from 偏离 , 不按办 191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食 , 节食 192. differ from in 与的区别在于 193. in difficulti
37、es有困难 ,处境困难 , 194. discharge sb. (from) for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因解雇 , 开除 195. fall back (=retreat, turn back) 撤退 ; in disorder 慌乱地 , 狼狈不堪 196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列 197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉 198. beyond dispute 不容争议的 ,无可争议 199. in dispute 在争议中 200. in the d
38、istance 在远处 . make out 辩认出 201. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与截然不同 202. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别 203. distinguish from 把与区别开 204. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去 ,废除 ,取消 ; do away with (=kill) 杀掉 , 镇压 205. have to do with 与有关系 206.
39、 without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地 207. in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对表示疑惑 208. be due to 是由于 209. come off duty 下班 210. go on duty 上班 211. be on duty 值班 , 值日 , 在上班时 212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by one s job or esp. by conscience) 有义务 (做 ) 213. be eager for 想得到 , 盼望 214. by
40、 ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆 ,不看乐谱 215. have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对 .有鉴赏力 216. a word in one s ear 私房话 , 秘密话 217. on earth 究竟 , 到底 , 全然 218. with ease ( = easily) 容易 , 不费力 219. at (one s) ease ( = without worry o
41、r nervousness) 自 在 ,不拘束 220. put sb. at his / her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束 221. economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful) 节省 222. have an effect on 对有影响 223. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效 224. go into effect 生效 . ( 近 : come into effect; take effect; be brough
42、t into effect) 225. in effect (=in fact, really) 实际上 226. give effect to (=carry out) 实行 ,使生效 227. to no effect 不起作用 ,没有取得任何效果 228. (be) of no effect (=useless) 无效 229. to the effect that 大意是 ,主要内容是 230. to that effect 是 那个意思的 231. emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 出现 , 暴露 (问题 . 意见等 ) 232. place
43、(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调 , 把重点放在上 233. encourage sb. in 鼓励 ; encourage sb. in his/her work 鼓励某人工作 ; encourage sb. in his/her idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲 234. encourage sb. in with sth. 用鼓励某人做某事 235. on end (=continuously) 连续地 236. (be) at an end (=finished) 结束了 237. no end of (=very many/much) 很多 ,大量 2
44、38. in the end (=finally, eventually) 最终 239. at one s wit s end (=not knowing what to do or to say) 无法可想 , 智穷计尽 240. end up with 以而结束 241. come to and end (=finish) 结束 242. end in 以为结束 243. engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于 ,从事 244. enter for (=put the name on a list for) 报名参加 245. enter into (=begin) 开
45、始 (谈话 , 谈判等 ) 246. enter on / upon (=begin) 开始 (一个时代 . 一种生涯 . 一段任期等 ) 247. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权 ,有资格 248. be equal to 等于 249. be/ feel equal to (=have enough strength, ability etc.) (某人 )能胜任 ,能应付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地 250. be equipped with 装备有 ,装有 251.
46、 (be) equivalent to(=equal in value, amount, meaning) 相等于 , 相当于 252. in essence (=in its/one s nature) 本质上 253. at all events (=in spite of everything, in any case) 不论怎样 , 无论如何 254. in any event (=whatever happens in the future) 无论如何 , 不管 (将来 )怎么样 255. in the event that(=if) 假如 , 如果 . in the event 结
47、果 , 实际情况是 (常与 but 连用 ) 256. in the event of(=in case of)万一 ,即使发生 .时 257. except 除以外 ; besides 除以外还有 . 258. except (=but) 除了。 259. except for (=apart from) 除以外 260. (an) exception to 的例外 261. with the exception of (=except, apart from) 除去 ., 除以外 262. in excess of (=more than) 超过 263. exchange for 以交换 264. exclusive of (=not taking into account; without) 不包括 265. in excuse of 作为的借口 266. exert on 对施加 267. exert oneself to do sth. 努力 ,使劲 268. come into existence (=begin to exis
