1、Chapter 6 Antispasmodics and muscular relexantsPharmacodynamic Mechanism自主神经系统是指调节内脏功能的神经装置,也可称为植物性神经系统或内脏神经系统。实际上,自主神经系统还是受中枢神经系统控制的,并不是完全独立的,自主神经系统仅支配内脏的传出神经,不包括传入神经。Autonomic nervous system is the neural regulation of visceral function devices, may also be known as the plant or visceral nervous s
2、ystem. In fact, the autonomic nervous system is controlled by the central nervous system and is not fully independent. Autonomic nervous system only control visceral efferent nerve, excluding afferent nerve.The biosynthesis of acetylcholineCholine acetyltransferaseSerine decarboxylaseCholine N-methy
3、ltransferaseHO N+HO NH2HOCOOHNH2AcetylcholineOON+1 231. 2. N- 3. AChEReceptorEH3C ON(CH3)3OON+HOMuscarine NicotineNreceptor distribution Physiological functionAgonists antagonistsM M1 大脑皮质、海马、纹状体、周围神经节和分泌腺体与传递神经元的兴奋冲动有关、调节大脑的各种功能,并调节汗腺和消化腺体的分泌治疗早老性痴呆治疗消化道溃疡M2 中枢神经系统较低脑区和心脏等周围效应器组织引起心肌收缩力减弱、心率降低、传导减慢
4、有可能用于治疗冠心病和心动过速治疗心动徐缓性心率失常M3 腺体和平滑肌 血管平滑肌舒张、胃肠道和 平滑肌收缩、括 肌 、 缩 、腺体分泌 加治疗 性血管病、 、 溜治疗 性 性道 病、 失 M4 腺体和平滑肌 制 道 性配M5 大脑 受体 性配N N1 神经节 currency1“ 治疗早老性痴 治疗血fiN2 神经肌fl 肌Muscarinic receptor blocking agentsAtropa belladonna alkaloids atropine,scopolamine,anisodamine,anisodineN1 receprot blocking agents ,”N
5、2 receprot blocking agentsAnticholinergic drugsAtropine sulphate1. tropine 有3 性中心,内消 不 性tropic acid Vitali应 性中心,S(-)性和性大,用(+), 不过0.4 ,性较,pKa为9.8, 可 pH3.5-4.0 ,性 分 和消 调Ph .1化 为 用 质中性 4. 用 于M1和M2受体有 用,用 , 和有 中的 等。性大。N CH3OOOHH2. H2SO4 H2O.123456 *HO OHO HO OHONO2O2NNO2HO OHONO2O2NNHO OHO OKONO2O2NNKO
6、OHNO3 KOHC2H5OHKOHScopolamine bromideN CH3OO. HBr H2O.HHO3O品654-1,合品654-2点兴奋 中枢, 制大脑皮质用 镇静药,全麻前给药,晕动病,震颤麻痹,狂躁型精神病,有 中及感染性休克。环氧脂 性polarity中枢 用于阿托品 点山 宕 (不称) 药用(-),但(+)也可Anisodamine bromideN CH3OO. HBrHHOHOH6-羟1极性大,难以透过血脑屏障,中枢 用弱口服 收差, 排迅速用 感染性中休克,血管性 病,各种神经痛及平滑肌 等。Scopolamine butylbromide NCH3OO. BrH
7、HOOCH3(1S,3S,5R,6R,7S,8S)-6,7-环氧-8-丁-3(S)-环氧托烷托哌化物1. soluble in chloroform and water, slightly soluble in ethanol.2. has the characteristics reaction of tropic acid.3. quaternary ammonium compounds of scopolamine with the weak central nervous system function and being peripheral anticholinergic drugs for spasticity, such as the gastrointestinal tract. 4. Oral non-absorption, intramuscular injection or intravenous administration。SAR of M receptor antagonistsNCH3 O COCHCH2OHAtropineN (CH2)n X CR1R2R3MAminoethanol ester be considered as the basic activity structure.