1、Glossary palpable contraction proprioceptive cognitive ataxia ipsilateral 需要的器具 大头针 棉签 检眼镜 叩诊锤 128 Hz音叉 笔式电筒 压舌板 Six Parts of Neuro Exam 1. Mental State 2. Cognitive Function 3. Cranial Nerves 4. Motor System 5. Sensory System 6. Reflexes MOTOR SYSTEM - Motor Function Voluntary movement Muscle power
2、 肌力 Muscle Tone 肌张力 Muscle Bulk 肌 Involuntary movement Voluntary movement - Muscle power (肌力 ) Classic grading scores 0 no contraction 1. palpable contraction; little visible 2. horizontally along bed surface 3. against gravity only; 4. against gravity 5. full strength Classification 单瘫 :一侧肢体 偏瘫 :一侧
3、肢体 ;同侧中枢性面瘫及舌瘫 截瘫 :双下肢 交叉瘫 :同侧周围性脑神经麻痹 ;对侧肢体中枢性偏瘫 Muscle Tone Decreased Floppy Flaccid Hypotonic 张力减退 Normal Increased Spastic 痉挛的 Rigid Voluntary movement Muscle Bulk Atrophy 萎缩 Fasciculation 肌束颤动 Involuntary movement 1. hand tremor resting senile kinetic postural 2. Tetany 录像 不自主运动 患者的姿势 是否有肌肉萎缩 步态 肌张力 嘱患者放松 伸、屈患者的腕、肘、肩关节 伸、屈患者的膝、踝关节
