1、湖南省邵阳市四中 2007届 专题突破（信息填空） 1 Different countries and different people have different manners . We must find out their customs , so that they will not think us ill-manners . Here are examples of the things that a well- educated person does or does not do . If you visit a Chinese family you should knoc
2、k at the door first . When the door opens , you will not move before the host says “Come in, please .” After you enter the room , you should not sit down until the host asks you to take a seat . When a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hand , you will say , “Thank you .” An
3、d receive it with two hands , not one hand , or they will think you are ill-mannered . Before entering a house in Japan , it is good manners to take off your shoes . In European countries , even though shoes sometimes become very dirty , this is not done . In a Malay house , a guest never finishes t
4、he food on the table . He leaves a little to show that he has had enough . In England , a guest always finishes a drink or the food to show that he had enjoyed it . This will make the host , especially the hostess pleasant . Countries Good manners Ill-manners China Knock at the door Not China Not si
5、t before asked Sit 76_ Receive something 77_ 78_ 79_ Before you enter a house , 80_ you shoes 81.Not _ European countries Not take off even dirty 82_ 83_ showing you have had enough 84_ 85_ Finish food 76. China 77. with two hands 78. with one hand 79. Japan 80. take off 81. take off shoes 82. Malay
6、sia 83. leave a little 84. not leave /not 85. England 2 In towns ,there were few bus shelters until about thirty years ago .Since then they have appeared everywhere ,probably because most people no longer wear the kinds of clothes that protect them from the wind ,cold and rain .Country bus shelters
7、have been with us for a good deal longer .Before the Second world War, many of them were paid for by rich local people ,often in memory of a member of their family .Some were well built and very attractive ,to fit in with the surroundings. By the 1870s public lavatories（厕所） were being installed （设置）
8、 all over Britain. Many of them , for gentlemen only ,were made of iron ,highly decorated and often in the shape of Indian or Greek temples .A little later ,in the 1880s ,more solid structures of brick or stone were being built ,with rooms for ladies and gentlemen. Some of these looked like cottages
9、 or medieval（中世纪） castles. Public drinking fountains are to be found everywhere . Most of them were built in the nineteenth century and some are very grand .The old type of drinking fountain was not very hygienic（卫生的） .It usually had an iron drinking cup ,fixed to a chain ,and everyone used it .Firs
10、tly ,they provided people with pure water to drink ,at a time when much of the drinking water available ,especially from wells and pumps ,was dangerous to health .Secondly ,they were memorials to local residents .Finally ,they were intended to persuade people to drink water ,instead of beer or spiri
11、ts. Establishments（公共设施） in Britain Establishments 76 - 78 Public lavatories 83 Why were they built ? protect people 79 provide people with clean water When were the first ones built? before the Second World War 81 84 What were they made of？ 82 what do they 77 ？ 80 Indian or Greek temples, cottages,
12、 castles 85 76 Questions 77 Look like? 78 Bus shelters 79 from bad weather 80 Attractive 81 in the 1870s 82 iron, brick, stone 83 Drinking fountains 84 nineteenth century 85 very grand 3 Most Americans have a city they like best. Over the years, American songwriters have described these feelings in
13、music. More songs have been written about Americas biggest city, New York, than about any other city. Many others dream about leaving their small towns to go there. They want to become rich and famous. Frank Sinatra sings about this dream in the most popular song written about New York. Almost three
14、-million people live in the middle western city of Chicago, Illinois. It is now Americas third largest city. It used to be the second largest city. So, of course, it needed its own song. Judy Garland sings the song, “Chicago, Chicago. “ One of Americas most exciting cities is Las Vegas, Nevada. In n
15、ineteen-sixty-four, Elvis Presley starred in a movie called “Viva Las Vegas.“ Here is the song from that movie. It is sung by the group Z-Z Top. As we all know, one of the most beautiful cities in America is San Francisco, California. The most popular song about the city is called “I Left My Heart i
16、n San Francisco.“ Tony Bennett recorded it in nineteen-sixty-two. It sold more than three-million records. Many people love Los Angeles, California. It is now Americas second largest city. Los Angeles is popular because the weather is warm and the sun shines almost all the time. Randy Newman sings a
17、bout his feelings for the city in the song, “I Love L.A.“ Not everyone, however, loves Los Angeles. Some people do not like all the big roads around the city. They like living in a smaller place. A place like San Jose, California. Dionne Warwick sings about going back to this city. The song is, “Do
18、You Know The Way To San Jose.“ Songs about American Cities States 76._ Features Songs Songwriters/ Band New York Americas biggest city A song about New York 78._ Illinois Chicago, 79. Americas _ city “Chicago, Chicago“ Judy Garland 77._ 80._ Americas second largest city 81._ Randy Newman San Francis
19、co 82._ “I Left My Heart in San Francisco.“ 83._ 84._ small “Do You Know The Way To San Jose Dionne Warwick Nevada Las Vegas exciting A song from “Viva Las Vegas.“ 85. the group _ 76. Cities 77. California 78. Frank Sinatra 79. third largest. 80. Los Angeles 81. “I Love L.A” 82. beautiful 83. Tony B
20、ennett 84. San Jose 85. Z-Z Top 4 “Trick or treat, trick or treat! Give me something good to eat!” It is Halloween! Kids dressed in costumes, neighbors giving out candy! It is just an amazing holiday! This year I decided to be a black cat. The black cat is a sign of bad luck, but is also a sign of H
21、alloween. Halloween began in the Mediaeval-years. A festival was celebrated in Rome and people walked in parades with masks and costumes. The people carved faces into pumpkins and lit them with a candle inside. These were thought of as to ward off all the evil and bad spirits. That is why people sel
22、l pumpkins everywhere during the Halloween season. Soon after the name of this festival evolved into what we call present day-Halloween! Every year in New York City, there is a huge parade, there are floats and people walk around in costumes. Some are animal featured, some are scary and spooky like
23、the skeleton and some are funny like the clown. It is very fun! Some people have Halloween parties. Stores sell a variety of costumes; the most popular costumes are the witch, the ghost, many from the old movies. Many stores sell decorating accessories(附属品 ) like fake spider webs, real pumpkins and
24、plastic ghosts. So, if you are a Halloween lover, you can turn your home into a haunted house! That is absolutely cool! Halloween 76. Time and place Forms for celebration 77. 78. a sign of bad luck Halloween began in the mediaeval -years 79. Some are animal featured Kids dressed in costumes 80. Stor
25、es sell a variety of costumes a sign of Halloween Every year in New York 81. Some are scary and spooky like the skeleton Neighbors giving out candy 82. 83. 84. 85. 76. Black cat 77. Making-ups 78.Ways of perform 79. Halloween parties 80. celebrated in Rome 81. a huge parade82. some funny clowns 83.c
26、arved pumpkins 84. selling pumpkins 85. selling decorating accessories 5 New Year traditions all around the world “Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasnt always January 1 that marked the New Year. At least
27、4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers fields. This happened at the end of September. The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cy
28、cle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days. The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forwa
29、rd and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day. In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnames
30、e custom. Thailand has its specific New Years date; its different from the normal calendar. The Thai New Year is celebrated on April 13. On this day, Thai people play with water, throwing it on each other. It is intended to bring good luck during the New Year ahead. In China, the more favorable New
31、Year is usually celebrated in February according to lunar calendar (阴历 ). On New Years Eve, all family members sit together at table, enjoying lots of auspicious foods such as dumplings, chicken to bring good luck. New Year traditions all around the world Countries 79. _ Origins or activities Meanin
32、gs or reasons 76. _ the end of September the Nile River flood 84. _ Babylon 80. _ 82. _ kick off the next farming cycle 77. _ January 1 roman god, Janus 85. _ Thailand 81. _ throwing water on each other bring good luck 78. _ February buying fresh flowers and a peach blossom follow the custom China F
33、ebruary 83. _ bring good luck 76. Egypt 77. Rome 78. Vietnam 79. Dates 80. March 23 81. April 13 82. holding a festival 83. enjoying auspicious food 84. enrich farmers fields 85. represent a break 6 Apollo For lovers of the arts, Apollo is a truly necessary magazine. Covering the ages and the great
34、civilizations of the world, Apollo brings you well-illustrated yet academic articles by internationally famous scholars, as well as information on exhibitions and sales. Experience five monthly issues for as little as 5 each. The Guardian Weekly The Guardian Weekly gives you a global view with artic
35、les from four of the worlds most respected newspapers. Read the news from different views and draw your own conclusions on the stories shaping our world. Try it for 3 months for just 15.55. Plus get a free copy of the Guardian Year 2003. New Internationalist Full of excellent writing and photography
36、, the NI covers one key subject each month, from Terrorism to Poverty to Climate Change. Reporters from around the globe provide you with a comprehensive world view. PLUS: masses of fresh reports and stories to keep you up-to-date on world affairs. 3 months free and free World Map. The Week The Week
37、 is the only weekly summary giving you the best of the British and foreign newspapers in just 35 pages. Designed to be read in just 1 hour, it provides you with everything you need and want to know. Try The Week now with 13 issues for just 13.75. If you decide its not for you, just tell us within th
38、e first 6 weeks and you can get your money back. London Weekly London Weekly is about the news happening in London this week. It can offer you the latest news. Try it for 3 months just for 12.5. Names of the magazines 76. _ Price Apollo 77. _ 5 each. 78._ 79. _ 15.55 New Internationalist 80. _ 81. _
39、 82._ weekly summary 83. _ 84._ 85. _ 12.5 76. Subjects 77.arts 78. The Guardian Weekly 79. news 80. weekly summery 81. Not mentioned 82. The Week 83. 13.75 84. London Weekly 85. London news 7 Many animal and plant species have become extinct (灭绝的 ) and many more are in critical danger. Dodo The Dod
40、o is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by human such as pigs, monkeys an
41、d rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681. Rhinos The Rhino (犀牛 ) horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most Rhinos now live in protected natu
42、ral parks and reserves (保护区 ). Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers (偷猎者 ). The Giant Panda The future of the Giant Panda is far from certain. As far as 1000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 pand
43、a reserves to protect these beautiful animals. However, the pandas black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose (造成 ) one of the most serious threats to the animals continued existence. Whales Despite the fact that one-third the worlds ocea
44、ns have been declared whale sanctuaries (保护区 ), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions (碰撞 ) with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths. Tigers
45、 The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5000 and 7000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tigers bones and organs are sough
46、t after for traditional medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins. Extinct Or Endangered Wild Animals Wild animals 77._ situation 81._ Main features or use Dodo extinct hunted for food flightless 82._ Rhinos rapidly decreased hunted by poachers 84._ 76._ 78._ 83._ black and
47、white coat Tigers some species extinct hunted for bones traditional Chinese medicines 79._ hunted for organs Whales 80._ hunted for oil collisions with ships Poisonous pollution. 85._ 76. The Giant Panda 77. Present situation 78. far from certain 79. close to disappearing 80. endangered 81. Reasons for/ Causes of decreasing 82. attacked by poach
