1、1本科毕业论文外文翻译外文文献译文全球供应链金融资料来源HTTP冒号/EN点WIKIPEDIA点ORG作者维基百科全球供应链是指在不同的跨国公司生产、处理和分配特定的商品或产品的复杂网络。全球供应链金融指一系列的针对特定的商品和/或产品沿着供应链从起始地到目的地整套的融资方案。它涉及到一个快速成长的允许动态应付款贴现的蓄电技术和金融商业行为。内容1概论2GSCF的好处3GSCF所扮演的“翻译”角色4全球供应链金融解集概述作为商品全球化和离岸生产的必然结果，供应链延长使许多美国公司经历了资金有效性的减少。此外,因为美国公司所面临的压力,进而提高现金流，导致了在他们的海外供应商增加了压力。具体地说
2、,非美国供应商面临的是延长付款条件或由美国大卖家强加给他们增加营运资本的压力。从信用证开立帐户的一般的趋势进一步导致了这一问题。因此,我们需要一种全球供应链金融GSCF的解决方案。市场机会对于GSCF解决方案是有意义的。全球市场总应收账款管理费是13万亿美元。应付帐款折扣和以资产为基础的贷款分别额外增加1000亿美元和3400亿美元。目前只有一小部分公司使用的供应链金融技术,但是超过一半已经或正在调查计划来提高供应链金融技巧。而购买者则是到他们的供应商那里延长付款期限,以致供应商的短期融资2经常有限制,因此,增加了成本。这供应商的高成本导致了金融不稳定和供应的高风险。总的来说,基准报告显示,公
3、司应关注对三个关键领域的追求，即GSCF融资，GSCF技术，GSCF知名度。一流企业比其他同时期的公司更有可能有一个采购，供应链的跨职能团队，和财务专业人士来管理其GSCF方案。PAYSTREAM顾问，一个北卡罗莱纳州夏洛特的咨询公司已研制出一种八项指标来指引如何建立一个供应链融资方案。一流的的公司也正在实现更好的性能，如他们的现金转换周期中有10天的优势。换句话说，这些公司通过实施新GSCF开锁技术，利用第三方GSCF专家的优势，获得在在金融供应链中被困的价值。GSCF的好处GSCF所扮演的角色是在给定买卖公司供应链的情况下优化的资本可用性和成本。它通过信息对货物的合并,包装,合成进行控制。
4、耦合的信息和实际控制使贷方减轻在供应链的财务风险。降低的风险资本、资金筹集访问来获得较早较低的资金筹集的利率。需要增加资金或投入资金使供应链迅速发展的原因1关于全球供应链市场发展趋势，造成企业需求的综合解决方案的综合治理办法的自身及金融供应链方面的挑战A买主想优化自己被拖延库存所有权的资产负债表。供应商正在寻求供应链中较早的以优惠利率获得资金，并满足买方渴望延迟库存所有权的愿望。C、中间市场公司正在寻找套现以非美国为支付点的库存，来增加流动资金。D有广泛的兴趣集成供应链金融解决方案。2美国和西欧生产基地全球化已导致国内资产少可以运用到产生营运资本。3美国和欧洲国家大多数中小型供应商的公司位于不
5、够成熟的资本市场。无法获得有效的,完善的资本、生产成本显著增加或供应商倒闭的。4信用证是欠发达国家的供应商获得了资本的长期方法，由于大买家数量的减少迫使他们转移开户。5希望能确保供应链周期资本的稳定。另一个亚洲金融危机如1997年资本的失效将严重破坏美国买家供应链。GSCF中所扮演的角色解决GSCF的方案关键是物理和信息控制。需要一个物流供应商和金融服务3公司联合制定准确的可视性工具，为满足CFO和全球供应链管理的需要提供他们所需要的数据和资金担保贷款的抵押品。事实上，根据阿伯丁集团2006年11月的一项调查显示，大公司更可能在未来的18个月里花费大约四倍多的时间在计划超过50万美金的供应链金
6、融技术研究。当一个强大的信息化制度的建立起来，贸易伙伴、物流公司和银行将能够更快更有效的获得信息。实体公司的货物运输是供应链服务供应商、运输公司、和/或物流合作伙伴的信息起点。这些实体公司在供应链中存在自身的控制。通过这些信息的需求规划的角度，了解货物过境、金融服务提供商可以更有信心拓宽各种各样的里程碑在供应链中的融资渠道。在这个方程式中迷失了一个关键的作用，那就是供应链金融的“翻译”作用。实体一般在物流、运输和金融服务方面都是有经验的。“翻译”是标的物专家,如果你愿意,可以把所有单位,运输和物流绘制成一览表。可以了解到银行，买家和卖家，所讲的不同的语言和了解每一方的需要。除了在金融交易的参与
7、，“翻译”也可以帮助资金供给和资金需求领域的信息传递，提供在供应链中收集的信息批判性的分析。以下说明该翻译器的作用物流/运输供应商GSCF的“翻译”功能金融服务供应商商品提供运输、物流和供应链服务例如,移动的货物。未知信息收集和提供有关产品配置客户、翻译、金融服务提供商。验证数据传输、总量、分析、处理,并提供数据授权金融交易。从翻译接收数据,以授权金融交易。资金未知参与交易、公共资金的比例分摊的风险。参与交易、公共资金的比例分摊的风险。销售识别前景,参与销售调用,阻止商品化识别前景、市场GSCF,参与销售电话,确定金融风险,协助在构识别前景,参与销售电话,协助在构建信用的解决方4建信用的解决方
8、案。案。财务收益运输收入,更深层次的客户关系和翻译利息收入,费用收入,提高客户关系、金融服务提供商,物流/运输提供商。利息收入,更深层次的客户关系、翻译、物流/运输提供商。全球供应链金融解集部分产品解决方案可以在全球供应链融资解决方案的旗帜出售但不限包括以下几点（1）全球资产融资（GABL）。允许中间市场公司将离岸或在途物质货币化。这将会增加这一类贷款人的资金流动性。（2）库存金融。使企业向大型采购商提供的库存融资，以确保它们是由买家持有的。资本以较低的价格提供供应服务将改善买方的净现金转换周期。（3）应收账款管理服务。提供第三方的应收账款管理和集合流程外包。它还提供了这些应收款项及对这些应收
9、款的付款担保融资。（4）应付账款贴现。提供第三方的付款过程，并利用买方信贷质量得到供应商有利的融资利率外包。供应商可以降低资本成本，其中一部分可传递到买家这种结果。（5保险,进一步减轻货物运输、信贷和相关事项争议等交易风险。由于数据共享和传递的复杂性,需要实际控制货物,并使得整个供应链中的物流和运输清晰可见，如UPSUPS的公司物流供应商具有独特的功能，由于其进入航运数据，并有贷款人的能力，并对全球性组织提供支持和服务的服务控制功能的能见度的，由于其进入航运数据，并作为贷款人的能力。在这些独特的情况下,UPS作为一名翻译人员可以参与贷款以及与其它贷款者合作，从整个供应链提取成本,并确保物理和金
10、融的供给链同步。传统上，贸易应付款的发票到期日之前提前付款的动态应付款贴现，一直只涉及到已经核准的发票。鉴于这些支付后的收货和支付款项的批准，他们不会带有任何交易风险，在跨境贸易中比较普遍。复杂的现代融资和支付技术,包括发票自动化和折扣管理项目，需要一个框架,以确保项目从战略的基础上接近供应链，采购,应收帐款和金融机构。PAYSTREAM的分析师相继推出了结合企业综合性特点的实施方案,以最大限度地实现利益。5外文文献原文GLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCEMATERIALSOURCEHTTP冒号/EN点WIKIPEDIA点ORGAUTHORWIKIPEDIAAGLOBALSUPPL
11、YCHAINREFERSTOTHENETWORKCREATEDAMONGDIFFERENTWORLDWIDECOMPANIESPRODUCING,HANDLING,ANDDISTRIBUTINGSPECIFICGOODSAND/ORPRODUCTSGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCEREFERSTOTHESETOFSOLUTIONSAVAILABLEFORFINANCINGSPECIFICGOODSAND/ORPRODUCTSASTHEYMOVEFROMORIGINTODESTINATIONALONGTHESUPPLYCHAINITISRELATEDTOAQUICKLYGROWIN
12、GUSEOFABATTERYOFTECHNOLOGIESANDFINANCIALBUSINESSPRACTICESTHATALLOWFORDYNAMICPAYABLESDISCOUNTINGCONTENTS1OVERVIEW2BENEFITSOFGSCF3THEROLEOFTHEGSCF“TRANSLATOR”4GLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCESOLUTIONSETOVERVIEWWITHTHESUPPLYCHAINLENGTHENINGASARESULTOFGLOBALIZATIONANDOFFSHOREPRODUCTION,MANYUSCOMPANIESHAVEEXPERI
13、ENCEDAREDUCTIONOFCAPITALAVAILABILITYINADDITION,THEPRESSUREFACEDBYUSCOMPANIESTOIMPROVECASHFLOWHASRESULTEDININCREASEDPRESSUREONTHEIROVERSEASSUPPLIERSSPECIFICALLY,NONUSSUPPLIERSRECEIVEPRESSUREINTHEFORMOFEXTENDEDPAYMENTTERMSORINCREASEDWORKINGCAPITALIMPOSEDONTHEMBYLARGEUSBUYERSTHEGENERALTRENDTOWARDOPENAC
14、COUNTFROMLETTERSOFCREDITHASFURTHERCONTRIBUTEDTOTHEPROBLEMASARESULT,THEREISANEEDFORGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCEGSCFSOLUTIONSTHEMARKETOPPORTUNITYFORAGSCFSOLUTIONISSIGNIFICANTTHETOTALWORLDWIDEMARKETFORRECEIVABLESMANAGEMENTISUS13TRILLIONPAYABLESDISCOUNTINGANDASSETBASEDLENDINGADDANADDITIONALUS100BILLIONANDUS
15、340BILLION,RESPECTIVELYONLYASMALLPERCENTAGEOFCOMPANIESARECURRENTLYUSINGSUPPLYCHAINFINANCETECHNIQUES,BUTMORETHANHALFHAVEPLANSORAREINVESTIGATINGOPTIONSTO6IMPROVESUPPLYCHAINFINANCETECHNIQUESWHILEBUYERSAREEXTENDINGPAYMENTTERMSTOTHEIRSUPPLIERS,THESUPPLIERSOFTENHAVELIMITEDACCESSTOSHORTTERMFINANCINGAND,THE
16、REFORE,AHIGHERCOSTOFMONEYTHISCOSTSHIFTINGTOSUPPLIERSRESULTSINAFINANCIALLYUNSTABLEANDHIGHERRISKSUPPLYBASEOVERALL,THEBENCHMARKREPORTSHOWEDTHATCOMPANIESSHOULDBEPURSUINGTHREEKEYAREASOFIMPROVEMENTGSCFFINANCINGGSCFTECHNOLOGYANDGSCFVISIBILITYBESTINCLASSCOMPANIESAREMORELIKELYTHANTHEIRPEERSTOHAVEACROSSFUNCTI
17、ONALTEAMOFPURCHASING,SUPPLYCHAIN,ANDFINANCEPROFESSIONALSMANAGINGTHEIRGSCFPROGRAMSPAYSTREAMADVISORS,ACHARLOTTE,NCBASEDCONSULTANCYHASDEVELOPEDANEIGHTPOINTGUIDELINEHOWTOBUILDASUPPLYCHAINFINANCEPROGRAMBESTINCLASSCOMPANIESALSOAREACHIEVINGBETTERPERFORMANCE,SUCHASA10DAYADVANTAGEINTHEIRCASHCONVERSIONCYCLESI
18、NOTHERWORDS,THESECOMPANIESAREUNLOCKINGTHETRAPPEDVALUEINTHEFINANCIALSUPPLYCHAINBYIMPLEMENTINGNEWGSCFTECHNIQUESANDTAKINGADVANTAGEOFTHIRDPARTYGSCFEXPERTSBENEFITSOFGSCFTHEROLEOFGSCFISTOOPTIMIZEBOTHTHEAVAILABILITYANDCOSTOFCAPITALWITHINAGIVENBUYERSUPPLIERSUPPLYCHAINITDOESTHISBYAGGREGATING,PACKAGING,ANDMAR
19、RYINGTHISINFORMATIONWITHTHEPHYSICALCONTROLOFGOODSTHECOUPLINGOFINFORMATIONANDPHYSICALCONTROLENABLESLENDERSTOMITIGATEFINANCIALRISKWITHINTHESUPPLYCHAINTHEMITIGATIONOFRISKALLOWSMORECAPITALTOBERAISED,CAPITALTOBEACCESSEDSOONERORCAPITALTOBERAISEDATLOWERRATESTHENEEDTOINCREASECAPITALORINJECTCAPITALINTOTHESUP
20、PLYCHAINMOREQUICKLYISBEINGCAUSEDBYSEVERALFACTORS1MARKETTRENDSWITHRESPECTTOTHEGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINHAVECAUSEDCOMPANIESTODEMANDANINTEGRATEDAPPROACH/SOLUTIONTOPHYSICALANDFINANCIALSUPPLYCHAINCHALLENGESABUYERSARELOOKINGTOOPTIMIZETHEIRBALANCESHEETBYDELAYINGINVENTORYOWNERSHIPBSUPPLIERSARELOOKINGTOOBTAINFUNDSEA
21、RLIERINTHESUPPLYCHAINATFAVORABLERATES,GIVENBUYERSDESIRETODELAYINVENTORYOWNERSHIPCMIDDLEMARKETCOMPANIESARELOOKINGTOMONETIZE7NONUSDOMICILEDINVENTORYTOINCREASELIQUIDITYDTHEREISWIDEINTERESTININTEGRATEDSUPPLYCHAINFINANCESOLUTIONS2GLOBALIZATIONOFTHEUNITEDSTATESANDWESTERNEUROPESMANUFACTURINGBASESHASRESULTE
22、DINFEWERDOMESTICASSETSTHATCANBELEVERAGEDTOGENERATEWORKINGCAPITAL3MOSTSMALLANDMEDIUMSUPPLIERSTOUSANDEUROPEANBUSINESSESARELOCATEDINCOUNTRIESTHATLACKWELLDEVELOPEDCAPITALMARKETSWITHOUTACCESSTOEFFICIENTANDCOSTEFFECTIVECAPITAL,PRODUCTIONCOSTSINCREASESIGNIFICANTLYORTHESUPPLIERSGOOUTOFBUSINESS4LETTERSOFCRED
23、IT,ALONGSTANDINGMETHODOFOBTAININGCAPITALFORSUPPLIERSINLESSDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,AREONTHEDECLINEASLARGEBUYERSAREFORCINGSUPPLIERSTOMOVETOOPENACCOUNT5THEREISADESIRETOENSURESTABILITYOFCAPITALASSUPPLYCHAINSELONGATEANOTHERASIANFINANCIALCRISISSUCHASTHEONEIN1997WOULDSEVERELYDISRUPTUSBUYERSSUPPLYCHAINSBYMAKINGC
24、APITALUNAVAILABLETOTHEIRSUPPLIERSTHEROLEOFTHEGSCFPHYSICALANDINFORMATIONALCONTROLSARETHEKEYSTOAGSCFSOLUTIONTHEREISANEEDFORLOGISTICSPROVIDERSANDFINANCIALSERVICESFIRMSTOJOINTOGETHERTODEVELOPPRECISEVISIBILITYTOOLSTHATPROVIDECFOSANDGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINMANAGERSWITHTHEDATATHEYNEEDANDLENDERSWITHTHECOLLATERALSE
25、CURITYREQUIREDTOPROVIDECAPITALINFACT,ACCORDINGTOANOVEMBER2006STUDYCONDUCTEDBYTHEABERDEENGROUP,LARGECOMPANIESAREFOURTIMESMORELIKELYTOBEPLANNINGTOSPENDOVERUS500,000INSUPPLYCHAINFINANCETECHNOLOGYOVERTHENEXT18MONTHSONCEAROBUSTINFORMATIONBASEDSYSTEMISESTABLISHED,TRADINGPARTNERS,LOGISTICSCOMPANIES,ANDBANK
26、SNEEDTOBEABLETOACCESSTHEINFORMATIONQUICKLYANDEFFICIENTLYTHESTARTINGPOINTFORINFORMATIONABOUTGOODSBEINGTRANSPORTEDMUSTBETHEENTITYTHATISTRANSPORTINGTHEGOODSTHESUPPLYCHAINSERVICESPROVIDER,TRANSPORTATIONCOMPANIES,AND/ORLOGISTICSPARTNERTHESEARETHEENTITIESTHATHAVETHEPHYSICALCONTROLOFTHEGOODSWHILEINTHESUPPL
27、YCHAINACCESSTOTHISINFORMATIONISAMUSTFROMADEMANDPLANNINGPERSPECTIVEKNOWINGWHERETHEGOODSAREINTRANSIT,THEFINANCIALSERVICESPROVIDERCANMORECONFIDENTLYEXTENDFINANCINGATVARIOUSMILESTONESWITHINTHESUPPLYCHAINTHEREISACRITICALROLEMISSINGINTHISEQUATION,HOWEVER,ANDTHATISTHESUPPLY8CHAINFINANCE“TRANSLATOR”THEENTIT
28、YTHATISEXPERIENCEDINBOTHLOGISTICS/TRANSPORTATIONANDFINANCIALSERVICESTHETRANSLATORISTHESUBJECTMATTEREXPERT,IFYOUWILL,THATCANBRINGALLENTITIESTOTHETABLETRANSPORTATIONANDLOGISTICSBANKSBUYERSANDSELLERSANDSPEAKTHEVARIOUSLANGUAGESANDUNDERSTANDTHENEEDSOFEACHPARTYINADDITIONTOPARTICIPATINGINTHEFINANCIALTRANSA
29、CTION,THETRANSLATORCANHELPBRIDGETHEINFORMATIONDIVIDEBETWEENTHEPHYSICALANDFINANCIALWORLDS,PROVIDINGCRITICALANALYSISABOUTTHEINFORMATIONBEINGCOLLECTEDFROMTHESUPPLYCHAINTHEFOLLOWINGEXPLAINSTHISTRANSLATORROLELOGISTICS/TRANSPORTATIONPROVIDERGSCFTRANSLATORFINANCIALSERVICESPROVIDERGOODSDELIVERTRANSPORTATION
30、,LOGISTICS,ANDSUPPLYCHAINSERVICESIE,MOVETHEGOODSN/AINFORMATIONCOLLECTANDPROVIDEINFORMATIONABOUTGOODSDISPOSITIONTOCUSTOMER,TRANSLATOR,ANDFINANCIALSERVICESPROVIDERVERIFYDATATRANSFERAGGREGATE,ANALYZE,MANIPULATE,ANDPROVIDEDATAAUTHORIZEFINANCIALTRANSACTIONSRECEIVEDATAFROMTRANSLATORINORDERTOAUTHORIZEFINAN
31、CIALTRANSACTIONSFUNDSN/APARTICIPATEINFUNDINGFORTRANSACTIONANDASSUMEAPROPORTIONATESHAREOFTHERISKPARTICIPATEINFUNDINGFORTRANSACTIONANDASSUMEAPROPORTIONATESHAREOFTHERISKSALESMARKETINGIDENTIFYPROSPECT,PARTICIPATEINSALESCALLS,IDENTIFYPROSPECTS,MARKETGSCF,IDENTIFYPROSPECT,PARTICIPATEINSALES9STEMSCOMMODITI
32、ZATIONPARTICIPATEINSALESCALLS,IDENTIFIESFINANCIALRISKS,ASSISTORINSTRUCTURINGCREDITSOLUTIONSCALLS,ASSISTORINSTRUCTURINGCREDITSOLUTIONSFINANCIALBENEFITSTRANSPORTATIONREVENUE,DEEPERRELATIONSHIPWITHCUSTOMERANDTRANSLATORINTERESTINCOME,FEEINCOME,ANDDEEPERRELATIONSHIPWITHCUSTOMER,FINANCIALSERVICESPROVIDERS
33、,ANDLOGISTICS/TRANSPORTATIONPROVIDERINTERESTINCOME,DEEPERRELATIONSHIPWITHCUSTOMER,TRANSLATOR,ANDLOGISTICS/TRANSPORTATIONPROVIDERGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCESOLUTIONSETSOMEOFTHEPRODUCTSOLUTIONSTHATCOULDBESOLDUNDERTHEBANNEROFGLOBALSUPPLYCHAINFINANCINGINCLUDE,BUTARENOTLIMITEDTO1GLOBALASSETBASEDLENDINGGABLE
34、NABLESMIDDLEMARKETCOMPANIESTOMONETIZEOFFSHOREORINTRANSITINVENTORYTHISRESULTSININCREASEDLIQUIDITYTOTHISCLASSOFBORROWER,2INVENTORYFINANCEENABLESCOMPANIESTHATSUPPLYTOLARGEBUYERSTOSECUREFINANCINGONINVENTORYTHATTHEYAREREQUIREDBYBUYERSTOHOLDTHISRESULTSINANIMPROVEMENTINTHENETCASHCONVERSIONCYCLEFORTHEBUYERW
35、HILEPROVIDINGTHESUPPLIERWITHCAPITALATAREDUCEDRATE3RECEIVABLESMANAGEMENTSERVICESPROVIDESTHIRDPARTYOUTSOURCINGOFRECEIVABLESMANAGEMENTANDCOLLECTIONSPROCESSITALSOPROVIDESFINANCINGOFTHOSERECEIVABLESANDGUARANTEESONTHEPAYMENTOFTHOSERECEIVABLES4PAYABLESDISCOUNTINGPROVIDESTHIRDPARTYOUTSOURCINGOFTHEPAYABLESPR
36、OCESSANDLEVERAGESABUYERSCREDITQUALITYTOOBTAINFAVORABLEFINANCINGRATESFORSUPPLIERSTHISRESULTSINLOWERCOSTOFCAPITALFORTHESUPPLIER,APORTIONOFWHICHCANBEPASSEDONTOTHEBUYER5INSURANCEFURTHERMITIGATESTRADERISK10THROUGHCARGO,CREDIT,ANDTRANSACTIONDISPUTEINSURANCEBECAUSEOFTHECOMPLEXITIESSURROUNDINGTHESHARINGANDT
37、RANSFERRINGOFDATA,THENEEDTOPHYSICALLYCONTROLTHEGOODS,ANDTOMAINTAINVISIBILITYTHROUGHOUTTHEFULFILLMENTSUPPLYCHAIN,TRANSPORTATIONANDLOGISTICSPROVIDERSSUCHASUPSUPSCORPORATIONHAVEUNIQUECAPABILITIESTOSUPPORTANDPROVIDESCFSERVICESTOGLOBALORGANIZATIONSDUETOTHEIRACCESSTOTHESHIPPINGDATAANDCAPABILITIESASALENDER
38、INTHESEUNIQUESITUATIONS,UPSASATRANSLATORCANPARTICIPATEINTHELENDINGASWELLASCOLLABORATEWITHOTHERLENDERSINHELPINGTOEXTRACTCOSTSFROMTHESUPPLYCHAINANDENSURETHATTHEPHYSICALANDFINANCIALSUPPLYCHAINSARESYNCHRONIZEDTRADITIONALLY,DYNAMICPAYABLESDISCOUNTING,THEEARLYPAYMENTOFTRADEPAYABLESINADVANCEOFTHEINVOICEDUE
39、DATE,HASBEENONLYRELATEDTOINVOICESTHATAREALREADYAPPROVEDGIVENTHESEDISCOUNTEDPAYMENTSAREPAIDPOSTGOODSRECEIPTANDAPPROVAL,THEYDONTCARRYANYTRANSACTIONRISKWHICHISCOMMONINCROSSBORDERTRADEGIVENTHECOMPLEXITIESOFMODERNFINANCINGANDPAYMENTTECHNIQUES,INCLUDINGINVOICEAUTOMATIONANDDISCOUNTMANAGEMENTINITIATIVESNEEDAFRAMEWORKTOENSURETHATPROGRAMSAREAPPROACHEDONASTRATEGICBASISWHICHBRIDGESTHESUPPLYCHAIN,PURCHASING,ACCOUNTSPAYABLEANDFINANCEORGANIZATIONSPAYSTREAMSANALYSTSHAVEINTRODUCEDSUCHTOHELPENTERPRISESIMPLEMENTINTEGRATEDFEATURESTOMAXIMIZEBENEFITS
