1、choose the correct meaning; (4) to correct the typos; (5) so the child write words (ABAB, and AABB); (6) in accordance with written words; (7) the complete word, and explain the meaning of the word; (8) collocation; (9) make sentences with the word; (10) the written language as required. (C) the mai
2、n sentence types (1) complete sentences; (2) write down the meaning of a sentence or expression of thoughts and feelings; (3) write sentences as required; (4) finish malalignment of the sentence; (5) modified sentences. 2, knowledge classification (1) the common conjunctions coordinate: . . 一面 . 1,
3、to examine the topic, identify problems associated with two 2, analysis, alternative question two is in direct proportion to the amount of the associated relationship is inversely proportional relationship. 3, and set unknown, column proportion type 4, and solutions proportion type 5, and test, wrot
4、e answer language plenary, and subject: application problem (1)-simple application problem and composite application problem review content simple application problem composite application problem answers application problem of general steps 1, and figure out meaning-through examines the, find known
5、 conditions and by seeking problem 2, and analysis number relationship-analysis known conditions Zhijian, and conditions and problem Zhijian of relationship, determine problem-solving method and problem-solving steps. 3, and column type calculation-lists formula, is out subdivisions 4, and test, and
6、 wrote answer-check, and checking, and wrote answers typical application problem 13, and subject: application problem (3)-column equation solutions application problem review content overview problem-solving steps 1, and figure out meaning, find by seeking of unknown and x said 2, and according to m
7、eaning find equivalent relationship, lists Equation 3, and solutions equation 4, and test, and wrote answers according to meaning find equivalent relationship of common method 1 , And according to common of number relationship type, established equivalent relationship 2, and according to has learn h
8、ad of calculation formula, 3, and according to problem in the of focus described sentence from overall Shang determine basic of equivalent relationship 4, and using segment figure, and list method, method analysis number项目管理师论文：浅谈工程项目管理软件及其应用摘 要： 现代工程项目中，如何有效配置原料和人力资源、控制生产和施工过程，是工程项目管理亟须解决的问题，目前，许多大
9、型项目通过采用软件管理和网络管理技术来优化项目管理过程，并取得了较好的效果。基于此，通过分析介绍基本的项目管理软件，提出了软件应用过程中应注意的问题及其解决办法。关键词： 关键路径法；计划评审技术；网络计划技术；工程项目管理引言工程项目管理就是在一定的条件和基础上，为达到一定的目标和取得一定的成效，而采用科学计划和动态分析手段，以尽可能小的投入而获得尽可能大的效益1 。目前，许多大型工程项目具有工期紧张、技术复杂、规模巨大、交叉施工的特点，因此，现代工程项目中，如何有效配置原料和人力资源、控制生产和施工过程，是工程项目管理亟须解决的问题。在管理过程中实现减少投资风险、细化管理过程、增加成本效益
10、、加强信息沟通，客观上要求工程项目管理人员提高管理水平、增加技术含量、增强竞争能力，有效运用各种知识和手段来控制项目的操作和运行过程。事实上，对工程项目的管理很大一部分也是对信息的管理，如何有效地掌握工程项目中各种有效信息，全面分析这些信息的特点，快速准确地对信息进行抽取、加工和分类，很大程度上依赖于信息管理的方式和手段。目前，许多大型项目纷纷采用信息化的管理手段，通过采choose the correct meaning; (4) to correct the typos; (5) so the child write words (ABAB, and AABB); (6) in accor
11、dance with written words; (7) the complete word, and explain the meaning of the word; (8) collocation; (9) make sentences with the word; (10) the written language as required. (C) the main sentence types (1) complete sentences; (2) write down the meaning of a sentence or expression of thoughts and f
12、eelings; (3) write sentences as required; (4) finish malalignment of the sentence; (5) modified sentences. 2, knowledge classification (1) the common conjunctions coordinate: . . 一面 . 1, to examine the topic, identify problems associated with two 2, analysis, alternative question two is in direct pr
13、oportion to the amount of the associated relationship is inversely proportional relationship. 3, and set unknown, column proportion type 4, and solutions proportion type 5, and test, wrote answer language plenary, and subject: application problem (1)-simple application problem and composite applicat
14、ion problem review content simple application problem composite application problem answers application problem of general steps 1, and figure out meaning-through examines the, find known conditions and by seeking problem 2, and analysis number relationship-analysis known conditions Zhijian, and con
15、ditions and problem Zhijian of relationship, determine problem-solving method and problem-solving steps. 3, and column type calculation-lists formula, is out subdivisions 4, and test, and wrote answer-check, and checking, and wrote answers typical application problem 13, and subject: application pro
16、blem (3)-column equation solutions application problem review content overview problem-solving steps 1, and figure out meaning, find by seeking of unknown and x said 2, and according to meaning find equivalent relationship, lists Equation 3, and solutions equation 4, and test, and wrote answers acco
17、rding to meaning find equivalent relationship of common method 1 , And according to common of number relationship type, established equivalent relationship 2, and according to has learn had of calculation formula, 3, and according to problem in the of focus described sentence from overall Shang dete
18、rmine basic of equivalent relationship 4, and using segment figure, and list method, method analysis number用软件管理和网络管理技术来优化项目管理过程，取得了良好的效果。一、工程项目管理的主要内容完整的项目管理工作过程包括预测、决策、计划、控制、反馈等2。根据ISO10006质量管理 项目管理质量指南 ，工程项目管理可细分为以下过程2 3：战略策划过程；综合性管理过程，包括立项和项目计划制订、协调管理、项目结束过程等；与范围有关的过程，包括方案的确定、范围确定和控制、活动确定、活动控制等；
19、与时间有关的过程，包括持续时间估算、进度确定、进度控制等；与成本有关的过程，包括成本估算、预算、成本控制等；与资源有关的过程，包括资源策划、资源控制等；与人员有关的过程，包括项目组织结构的确定、人员分配、团队发展等；与沟通有关的过程，包括沟通策划、信息管理、沟通控制等；与风险有关的过程，包括风险识别、风险评估、风险应对措施的确定、风险控制等；与采购有关的过程，包括采购策划和控制、招投标、合同控制等。二、工程项目管理软件功能分析工程项目管理软件的功能模块一般包括信息输入、数据分析、数据存储、信息查询、图形图像处理、报表输出等模块，主要完成进度计划、人力资源配置、资金调配、成本控制和分析、风险识别
20、等功能。项目的进度控制是以进度计划为基础，在实施过程中，预测干扰因素，采取监控手段，进行跟踪预测，一旦发现偏差，及时调整控制，使实际结果最终达到或逼近进度计划4。进度计划是软件的核心功能，软件能够建立合理的计划网络，并通过对计划进度和实际进度的对比，判断进度不协调的原因，及时调整影响时间进度的各种数据参数，重新调整资源。在人力资源配置方面，项目管理软件能够有效提高工程choose the correct meaning; (4) to correct the typos; (5) so the child write words (ABAB, and AABB); (6) in accorda
21、nce with written words; (7) the complete word, and explain the meaning of the word; (8) collocation; (9) make sentences with the word; (10) the written language as required. (C) the main sentence types (1) complete sentences; (2) write down the meaning of a sentence or expression of thoughts and fee
22、lings; (3) write sentences as required; (4) finish malalignment of the sentence; (5) modified sentences. 2, knowledge classification (1) the common conjunctions coordinate: . . 一面 . 1, to examine the topic, identify problems associated with two 2, analysis, alternative question two is in direct prop
23、ortion to the amount of the associated relationship is inversely proportional relationship. 3, and set unknown, column proportion type 4, and solutions proportion type 5, and test, wrote answer language plenary, and subject: application problem (1)-simple application problem and composite applicatio
24、n problem review content simple application problem composite application problem answers application problem of general steps 1, and figure out meaning-through examines the, find known conditions and by seeking problem 2, and analysis number relationship-analysis known conditions Zhijian, and condi
25、tions and problem Zhijian of relationship, determine problem-solving method and problem-solving steps. 3, and column type calculation-lists formula, is out subdivisions 4, and test, and wrote answer-check, and checking, and wrote answers typical application problem 13, and subject: application probl
26、em (3)-column equation solutions application problem review content overview problem-solving steps 1, and figure out meaning, find by seeking of unknown and x said 2, and according to meaning find equivalent relationship, lists Equation 3, and solutions equation 4, and test, and wrote answers accord
27、ing to meaning find equivalent relationship of common method 1 , And according to common of number relationship type, established equivalent relationship 2, and according to has learn had of calculation formula, 3, and according to problem in the of focus described sentence from overall Shang determ
28、ine basic of equivalent relationship 4, and using segment figure, and list method, method analysis number 人员的管理水平，从项目的进度、资金、质量等多方面因素规划人员的分配，统筹各方面因素，合理定义人员的组织结构。软件在收集各方面信息的同时，能够建立起智能化判断的知识库，从各个角度进行成本分析和对资金调配进行有效控制。三、常用工程项目管理软件介绍项目管理软件是随着网络计划技术的推广应用而出现的，网络计划技术起源于美国，其一，由美国杜邦化学公司创立的关键路径法（CPM） ，其二，由美国海军部
29、发明的计划评审技术（PERT） ，因为二者都采用网络图的方法进行项目计划的编制，所以统称为网络计划技术5。随着时间的发展，工程项目管理软件进步很快，其功能越来越强大，使用范围也越来越广泛，由早期的基于图表的形式逐渐发展成为完善的管理系统，能够很好地满足不同行业和领域大型工程信息化管理的需要。国内外普遍采用项目管理网络计划软件有 PrimaveraProject Planner（P3 ） 、Project 等，来实现工程项目的信息化管理。P3 软件的主要功能包括进度计划、进度控制、资源配置、成本分析等。该软件除了能给出作业的时间进度安排外，还能给出要完成这一进度的投资需求与工、机、料的需求，使项
30、目管理的内容通过 P3 进行全盘的计划、及时的沟通、动态跟踪与分析，随时预警项目的风险，最终达到所期望的目标6。实际工作中，P3 可以有效编制多级进度计划，较好地来反映项目中多方面信息之间的制约和互动关系，在计划过程中实现时间、作业和人员的有效分配，并能够通过计划跟踪对工程进度和费用进行有效控制，同时利用作业编码完成对工程质量和安全的控制。Project 软件是微软公choose the correct meaning; (4) to correct the typos; (5) so the child write words (ABAB, and AABB); (6) in accorda
31、nce with written words; (7) the complete word, and explain the meaning of the word; (8) collocation; (9) make sentences with the word; (10) the written language as required. (C) the main sentence types (1) complete sentences; (2) write down the meaning of a sentence or expression of thoughts and fee
32、lings; (3) write sentences as required; (4) finish malalignment of the sentence; (5) modified sentences. 2, knowledge classification (1) the common conjunctions coordinate: . . 一面 . 1, to examine the topic, identify problems associated with two 2, analysis, alternative question two is in direct prop
33、ortion to the amount of the associated relationship is inversely proportional relationship. 3, and set unknown, column proportion type 4, and solutions proportion type 5, and test, wrote answer language plenary, and subject: application problem (1)-simple application problem and composite applicatio
34、n problem review content simple application problem composite application problem answers application problem of general steps 1, and figure out meaning-through examines the, find known conditions and by seeking problem 2, and analysis number relationship-analysis known conditions Zhijian, and condi
35、tions and problem Zhijian of relationship, determine problem-solving method and problem-solving steps. 3, and column type calculation-lists formula, is out subdivisions 4, and test, and wrote answer-check, and checking, and wrote answers typical application problem 13, and subject: application probl
36、em (3)-column equation solutions application problem review content overview problem-solving steps 1, and figure out meaning, find by seeking of unknown and x said 2, and according to meaning find equivalent relationship, lists Equation 3, and solutions equation 4, and test, and wrote answers accord
37、ing to meaning find equivalent relationship of common method 1 , And according to common of number relationship type, established equivalent relationship 2, and according to has learn had of calculation formula, 3, and according to problem in the of focus described sentence from overall Shang determ
38、ine basic of equivalent relationship 4, and using segment figure, and list method, method analysis number司推出的一款功能强大的工程项目管理软件，能够很好地建立项目模型和控制项目运作过程。应用过程中，Project 在对项目时间进行严格控制的前提下，通过对工序的控制、成本的监测、人员的分配和资金的安排，来完成对整个工程项目的优化管理。四、工程项目管理软件的应用现状国外许多工程项目都已能够成功地运用管理软件解决各种工程难题，极大地提高了工程项目管理的效率。目前，国内工程项目管理软件应用也较为广
39、泛，特别是在水电、建筑、桥梁、航空等工程等方面。但在实现过程中，软件的应用却是不尽人意，现以岭澳核电站二期 BOP 工程在招标阶段对 P3 软件的应用为例：2005 年末，广东岭澳核电站二期 BOP 工程开始招标。在招标文件中，进度管理作为单独的一章出现。其中包含以下内容:定义，合同工期，工程进度，计划时间;各建筑物与构筑物的标识、完工日期、关键日期、违约金; 总体进度与主要活动安排;标书范围内工程的一、二级进度。标书中对承包商的要求非常具体。缺点是没有定义项目代码、WBS、作业分类码、作业代码、日历等编码格式或内容，造成各投标单位各自定义，没有统一的标准，后来业主在澄清文件中定义了统一的 W
40、BS 代码。从以上工程实例我们可以看出 P3 软件在工程项目中的应用，还存在许多亟须解决的问题。主要包括：首先是目前国内缺乏能应用 P3 进行项目管理的人才，大多数中小型项目难以花费人力和时间来学习或应用 P3 进行细致、完全的工程项目计划和管理。同时，P3 作为一个通用的项目管理软件，是以作业为单位进行项目管理的，对不同的工程或项目，需用户把项目分解为规范的、合理的作业，这对于经验不足的项目管理人员是比较困难的。另外，P3 中的施工资源挂接在每个任务上，当项目较大、涉及资源较choose the correct meaning; (4) to correct the typos; (5) s
41、o the child write words (ABAB, and AABB); (6) in accordance with written words; (7) the complete word, and explain the meaning of the word; (8) collocation; (9) make sentences with the word; (10) the written language as required. (C) the main sentence types (1) complete sentences; (2) write down the
42、 meaning of a sentence or expression of thoughts and feelings; (3) write sentences as required; (4) finish malalignment of the sentence; (5) modified sentences. 2, knowledge classification (1) the common conjunctions coordinate: . . 一面 . 1, to examine the topic, identify problems associated with two
43、 2, analysis, alternative question two is in direct proportion to the amount of the associated relationship is inversely proportional relationship. 3, and set unknown, column proportion type 4, and solutions proportion type 5, and test, wrote answer language plenary, and subject: application problem
44、 (1)-simple application problem and composite application problem review content simple application problem composite application problem answers application problem of general steps 1, and figure out meaning-through examines the, find known conditions and by seeking problem 2, and analysis number r
45、elationship-analysis known conditions Zhijian, and conditions and problem Zhijian of relationship, determine problem-solving method and problem-solving steps. 3, and column type calculation-lists formula, is out subdivisions 4, and test, and wrote answer-check, and checking, and wrote answers typica
46、l application problem 13, and subject: application problem (3)-column equation solutions application problem review content overview problem-solving steps 1, and figure out meaning, find by seeking of unknown and x said 2, and according to meaning find equivalent relationship, lists Equation 3, and
47、solutions equation 4, and test, and wrote answers according to meaning find equivalent relationship of common method 1 , And according to common of number relationship type, established equivalent relationship 2, and according to has learn had of calculation formula, 3, and according to problem in t
48、he of focus described sentence from overall Shang determine basic of equivalent relationship 4, and using segment figure, and list method, method analysis number 多时，手工为每条任务挂接相应的资源工作量大，相当繁琐，也很容易出差错。要解决这些问题我们必须做到：一是落实组织机构和制度，保证在工程项目部专设 P3 工程师；二是加大培训力度，P3 的内容可以说博大精深，各种术语、参数铺天盖地，用户上手 P3 很容易，但要真正掌握好 P3 软
49、件，需要花费一番功夫；三是要对 P3 进行二次开发，针对中国工程项目管理特点，开发应用接口程序和数据处理系统，使工程数据输入、作业分解以及资源挂接等操作快捷、方便，并直接对 P3 数据库进行更新，生成项目管理所需的特定数据和报表，提高 P3 的易用性和使用效率。通过二次开发，还可实现 P3 和企业现有的其他信息管理软件的集成，共享信息资源，更合理、更有效地完成工程项目管理。四是我们一定要清醒的认识到 P3 只是项目管理辅助的工具而不是神圣的万能的，在应用的过程中我们要根据具体的工程项目特点对其做出相应的调整。结语工程项目管理应以网络计划技术为核心，合理统筹和分配各种资源，最大限度地提高工程项目的工作效率。工程项目管理软件的良好应用，能够在很大程度上降低项目风险，提高工作效率，节
